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-Caveat Lector-

For Howard Dean to Win, He'll Have to Beat Nixon The candidate's real
foe is the late president's racist approach

By Mark Kurlansky,

[Mark Kurlansky's latest book, "1968: The Year That Rocked the World,"
will be published by Ballantine Books in January.]

<http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-oe-kurlansky29dec29,1,4444064.story?coll=la-headlines-politics>

In discussing the campaign ahead, Howard Dean has said on several
occasions now that the Republicans will "do what they've been doing
since 1968." But what exactly is that? As far as I can tell, what
they've been doing is winning presidential elections. They have won six
of the last nine if you count the last one that they did not exactly
win.

Of course, that's not exactly what Dean meant. He meant that for him to
win in 2004 he has to defeat a system established in 1968 by Richard M.
Nixon. Never one to mince words, Dean has described that system as one
of "coded racism." And its key code phrase was "states' rights," an old
Southern favorite going back to the right to own slaves.

Nixon, always known more as an opportunist than an ideologue, assessed
the political landscape when he ran for president in 1968, a time when
Republicans had lost every presidential election since the Depression,
except for two by Dwight D. Eisenhower. Like Dean today, he asked why
are we losing and how can that be changed?

Nixon saw his opportunity in the decline of the great civil rights
movement and the killing of Martin Luther King Jr. He judged that the
South, a solid Democratic bloc that had never forgiven Abraham Lincoln
and the Republicans for the Emancipation Proclamation, was furious about
10 years of civil rights progress and was ready to turn on the
Democrats, who had received faithful Southern support since before the
Civil War. In the end, Nixon defeated the Democrats not because of their
worst disaster, Vietnam, but because of their greatest accomplishment,
civil rights.

Many Republicans had backed civil rights too. In 1968, the Republican
Party had many prominent liberals, including New York Gov. Nelson
Rockefeller, who, according to pollsters, may have been the most popular
politician in the U.S.; New York City Mayor John Lindsay; and the first
black senator since reconstruction, Edward Brooke of Massachusetts. The
party's significant black support included that of Dodger great Jackie
Robinson.

Rockefeller contributed to the death of Republican liberalism by running
a disastrous campaign for the nomination. When the summer convention
opened in Miami, Rockefeller had the goodwill and Nixon had the
delegates. Many thought Nixon would create "the dream ticket" with a
liberal running mate such as Rockefeller or Lindsay who could steal
votes from the Democrats. But Nixon surprised and angered his party by
keeping his promise to South Carolina's Strom Thurmond, who had recently
become a Republican with the understanding that Nixon would choose a
running mate that would please states' rights Southerners.

Nixon chose Maryland Gov. Spiro T. Agnew and the party could not conceal
its unhappiness. There was a move to try to force Nixon to pick someone
else. It was stopped only because Lindsay performed Nixon the service of
seconding the Agnew nomination.

The following day, the NAACP denounced the ticket, which it said was
composed of "white backlash candidates."

Robinson switched to the Democrats. Accurately defining the division but
not the outcome, he said, "I think what the Republican Party has
forgotten is that decent white people are going to take a real look at
this election, and they're going to join with black America, with Jewish
America, with Puerto Ricans, and say that we can't go backward, we can't
tolerate a ticket that is racist in nature and that is inclined to let
the South have veto powers over what is happening."

Nixon also began a campaign for an anti-civil rights court and in so
doing sharpened the division between parties and turned the U.S. Senate
into a far meaner place. Lame-duck President Lyndon Johnson had chosen
Associate Justice Abe Fortas to be U.S. chief justice. Back in those
quaint times, both Republican and Democratic senators recognized the
right of the president to have his choice. Fortas had almost
overwhelming support from Democrats and Republican leaders. But John
Ehrlichman, later Nixon's chief advisor on domestic affairs, worked with
Robert Griffin, a GOP senator from Michigan, who got 19 Nixon
Republicans to oppose the nomination.

At his hearings, Fortas was subjected to an unprecedented grilling by a
coalition of right-wing Republicans and Southern Democrats. A new
alliance was taking shape. Among the chief inquisitors were Thurmond and
John Stennis of Mississippi, who denounced Fortas for being a liberal
and attacked him for supporting desegregation.

Griffin launched a filibuster that successfully tied up the hearings
until the end of the congressional session - the first time in American
history that a filibuster was used to block a Supreme Court appointment.

When Nixon came to power, he began to attack the Supreme Court,
attempting to destroy liberal judges and replace them with judges
preferably from the South with anti- civil rights records.

Fortas was driven from the bench in a White House- created scandal for
accepting fees in a manner that was common practice for Supreme Court
justices. The next target was William O. Douglas, a Roosevelt-appointed
liberal, but an impeachment drive against him failed.

The Fortas attack plus the bad health of elderly judges gave Nixon the
unusual opportunity of appointing four Supreme Court justices in his
first term, including the Justice Department's legal mind behind the
Supreme Court attacks, William H. Rehnquist.

All Republican presidential candidates since 1968, including George W.
Bush, have used the accepted code phrase for anti-civil rights, "states'
rights."

That is why there was no contradiction in Bush endorsing states' rights
and then, when his election was in doubt, turning to the federal court
run by a member of the original team, Chief Justice Rehnquist.

No Democrat since John Kennedy has won a majority of white Southern
votes. Dean knows that if he is to run successfully for president he
will have to run against Nixon. He knows that if the fight is out in the
open, both Nixon and his racist approach are beatable.



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DECLARATION & DISCLAIMER
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CTRL is a discussion & informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic
screeds are unwelcomed. Substance—not soap-boxing—please!   These are
sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'—with its many half-truths, mis-
directions and outright frauds—is used politically by different groups with
major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought.
That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and
always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no
credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply.

Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector.
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