-Caveat Lector-
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Khazars-1
Date: Fri, 01 Oct 1999 03:58:10 +0200
From: yair davidi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
This articles is in 3 parts.
It is mainly a reprint from the 2nd issue of Tribesman.
Many of you have seen most of it before.
It is being sent out due to
requests.
I have more information on the subject which I hope to process after
Succoth.
The articles is about the Khazars which is interesting in its own right
but
it also contains information concerning the Israselite origins of
certain
European peoples.
Following this article will follow a number of postings briefly tracing
Israelite groups
from Scythia to western Europe. These postings will also contain
information concerning
the Israelite origins of western peoples.
THE KHAZARS: SOME NOTES FOR FURTHER STUDY.
The Khazars were a small but powerful people who once ruled over
portions
of Russia and eastern Europe. They (or at least many of their leaders)
converted to Judaism, were eventually defeated and disappeared. Their
descendants were either assimilated amongst the Jews or became
Sabbath-keeping and other "divergent" christians many (if not most) of
whom
in some way or other migrated to the west and to North America. Other
descendants of the Khazars may be scattered throughout the former area
of
the U.S.S.R. and in different parts of Europe.
THE NUMBERS OF THE KHAZARS WERE NOT GREAT. AN ESTIMATE SAYS THAT THEY
NUMBERED ABOUT 50,000.
It may have been more but it could not have been excessively so.
A knowledge of the Khazars is useful for several reasons. Evidence
exists
that the Khazars were descended from the Lost Tribes of Israel. There is
also proof that they were related to peoples in northwest Europe. It
follows that evidence connecting northwest Europeans to Israel is
strengthened when cognizance is taken of the Israelite ancestry of their
Khazar brothers.
The Khazars and Anti-Semites.
Another reason for studying the Khazars is that anti-Semites and some
assimilationist Jews claim that the present-day Jews came from the
Khazars
who they assume were non-Israelite. Anti-Semites use their notion of the
Khazars to allege that the Jews are impostors and not true descendants
of
Israel. Some "Identity" groups also make this allegation. So do the
Arabs
and some Negro anti-Semites. In the past some assimilationist Jews used
the
Khazar idea to claim that since their ancestors were not in Judah at a
certain time therefore they were not culpable for whatever the Jews may
or
may not have done to the christian messiah.
There is also an ideaological component some people wanting to present
Judaism as a religion
(more than an hereditary group) and the Khazars as non-Jewish converts
emphasizing the fact
that Judaism is open to all.
KOESTLER
There was a writer named Arthur Koestler who thought that by showing the
Jews to be descended from the Khazars
the Gentiles would stop hating the Jews since the Khazars were not in
Palestine when Jesus was
there. Koestler read the sources but chose to emphasize those that were
in
line with his goal
and even these were not so convincing. Even so the book of Koestler
(The
Thirteenth Tribe)
became a best seller and a favorite with anti-semites. The book itself
does
not really prove anything
but anti-semites love it since it purports to show that the Jews are not
really the chosen people
and this is therefore another reason to hate them.
Koestler did not believe in the Bible so he dismissed legends that the
Khazars were descended from the Lost Tribes as fantasies. He was an
atheist
socialist or agnostic so any other "rational" simplistic explanation
was
preferable to him and to his idealogical goal.
Kostler should have realized that:
There are some types who will hate Jews no matter what.
Some who will always be sympathetic.
Some inbetween who can swing either way.
Even though some of the most vicious haters of the Jewish people have
been
Christians so too
most of the few friends and allies the Jews have had have been those who
believe in the Bible -whether
Christian or not.
The background for some of the ideas about the Khazars also concerns the
Karaites of Russia.
The Khazars and Karaites.
The Khazars ruled over many peoples some of whom were also influenced
by
Hebraising tendencies. In Judaism at that time there were two main
streams. There were Rabbinical Jews who parallel the Orthodox Jews of
today. They believed in the Bible and in its interpretation according to
oral tradition. They were homogeneous (and still are) and consistent in
their basic beliefs and practices. They usually managed to reach a
consensus regarding the practical application of Biblical injunctions.
Another group were the Karaites who claimed to believe only in
Scripture.
The Karaites, however, were actually eclectic and widely divergent
amongst
themselves in their interpretation of Scripture. The Karaite movement in
the modern sense had begun in the region of present-day Iraq but its
roots
may be traced back to the Samaritans and to the Sadducees and to other
sects of former times.
Amongst the numerous groups subject to the Khazars were Tartars and
Turkish elements and some of these accepted the Karaite form of
religion.
The Karaites of Russia eventually were not really Jews but had freely
intermarried with the Tartars and spoke a Tartar dialect. Groups of
Karaites were found in Lithuania and southern Russia and the Crimea and
at
one stage even in Germany. Under the Russian Czars the Jews were
savagely
persecuted and the Karaites naturally wished to be exempt from
anti-Jewish
discrimination. The Karaites therefore claimed to be descended from the
Lost Ten Tribes and not Judaeans and so could not be held responsible
for
the crucifixion.
Crimean Tombstones and the Lost Ten Tribes.
In the Crimea certain tombstones, etc., were fabricated by a wealthy
Karaite scholar named Firkovitch. These tombstones bear the names of
people
stating that they are descended from Tribes of Israel exiled by Assyria.
For a short period several leading authorities were misled by this
evidence
and there were those who maybe wanted to be misled in order to help the
Karaites out of their predicament.. [Some sections of The Lost Ten
Tribes
however really had once been in the Crimea and in other areas of
southern
and eastern Russia.]. Other Karaite figures both under the Russians and
under Hitler strove to prove that they were not racially of Jewish or
Israelite origin. Some of them were actively anti-Semitic. PLEASE NOTE
THAT
TO BE CONSIDERED AN ISRAELITE CAN BE DANGEROUS!! In some accounts of
the
Khazars it is sometimes assumed that the Karaites descend from them.
This
assumption is mistaken and misleading. THE KHAZARS WERE ADHERENTS OF
THE
RABBINICAL FORM OF JUDAISM.
THE KARAITE Firkovitch had forged material BUT claims have been made
that
only part of what he adduced as evidence
was forged and that part of it was genuine. This requires a separate
study
by other people.
The Biblical Attitude to Converts in General.
Regarding conversion or simply the genuine acceptance of membership in
the
Israelite community, Scripture has already spoken,
"Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were
strangers
in the land of Egypt" (Exodus 22;20).
"One ordinance shall be both for you of the congregation, and also for
the
stranger that sojourneth with you, an ordinance for ever in your
generations: as ye are, so shall the stranger be before the LORD.
(Numbers
15;15).
"And it shall come to pass, that ye shall divide it by lot for an
inheritance unto you, and to the strangers that sojourn amongst you,
which
shall beget children among you: and they shall be unto you as born in
the
country among the children of Israel; they shall have inheritance with
you
among the tribes of Israel (Ezekiel 47;22).
Khazar History.
A linguistic study (Baschmakoff, Paris 1937) based on place-names
indicated that the Khazars were connected with the region of northern
Mesopotamia and to Adiabene, i.e. to areas to which the Lost Ten Tribes
had
been exiled in 730-720 b.c.e. Arab chroniclers record the Khazars having
been east of the Caspian Sea in the time of Alexander the Great
(Dunlop).They were said to have invaded Armenia in ca.197-217 c.e. and
to
have been subjected by the Armenians (Moses of Chorene). They assisted
the
Roman Emperor Julian the Apostate in 363 c.e. and managed to conquer
Armenia with their ships dominating the Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea was
formerly known as "The Khazar Sea". The Khazars were also known as
"Gazari"
and as "Akatzyri" and "Agathyrsoi" . In the past under the name
Agathyrsoi
they had been variously reported in Thrace (south-east Europe), in the
Pontus (north-east Turkey), in Poland, and towards the far north-eastern
edge of the Baltic Sea shore.
The Khazars in Scotland
Servius on Virgil and Scottish sources said that the Picts of Scotland
were descended from a portion of the Agathyrsoi who crossed the sea and
conquered north Scotland.
Khazars in the west
In the period 350-450 c.e. the Huns from the area of Mongolia advanced
westward conquering other peoples and forcing them to join their forces
or
flee before them. The Huns swept into Europe. The Anglo-Saxon and
related
invasions of Britain in the 450s are connected with the Huns aggression.
Attila the Hun in ca. 434 c.e. had made the Akartziri (Khazars) his
tributaries and appointed his first-born son Ellac as their king over
them.
The Akatziri (Khazars) fought as Hun auxiliaries alongside the Black
Huns
and Alans in Gaul. Upon Attila's death it has been presumed that they
returned to the Caucasus area.
The Khazars and the Anglo-Saxons?
One branch of the Khazars were known as Sabirs. A group of "Sabarium"
together with "Carnutum" had served in Gaul as Roman mercenaries. These
have been ascribed both Anglo-Saxon and Central Asian origins (GDH
vol.1,
p.209 ff, vol.4 p.108 ff). They used the runic "Ing" letter as their
emblem. This sign is usually associated with the Angles and is of
Scandinavian origin.
Another portion of the Khazars were the White Ugrians whom the Chinese
described as tall, white-skinned, and green-eyed (McGovern p.472).
Even though the "White Ugrians" were white they did not receive their
name
because of their color but due to their status in the steppe area.
The White Ugrians were called "white" because they were the rulers.
"Black" Ugrians were the subjects of the "White" ones.
The Khazars themselves consisted (as we will see) of several groups
some
of which were physically
"white" while others were darkish.
Central Asian and Scythian history can be confusing since there were
many
different groups each of which often had several names. The names of one
group were sometimes interchanged with that of another due to conquest
or
assimilation or one group taking over the former territory or status of
the
other.
The White Ugrians had been in that part of Scythia once ascribed to
the
"Hugie" who were in effect the Franks who had later settled in France.
The
White Ugrians ruled over a mixed Turkish and Mongolian group known as
the
"Black" Ugrians. Another people once confederated with the Khazars were
the
White Huns who were also known as "Nephtali" and descend from the
Nephtali
Tribe of Israel. With the break-up of the Hun Empire remnants of the
Huns
in the east were absorbed by the "Turkish(?)" Juan-juan who became known
as
the Avars. The name "Avar" or "Abar" had originally been one of the
names
of the Naphtalite Huns but somehow it became applicable to the Juan-juan
who ruled over them.
As stated a people in East Scythia known as the Juan-juan had once
dominated the Khazars, White Ugrians, and Nephtalite Huns who revolted.
The
Nephtalite Huns consisted of Nephtali and Danes descendants of Dan. In
the
course of the revolt against the Juan-juan most of the Nephtalite Huns
moved westward eventually reaching Scandinavia and settling in Norway
and
Denmark. In the meanwhile the Khazars and White Ugrians defeated the
Juan-juan (who were now known as "Avars") and killed most of them. The
remaining "Avars" were accepted as leaders by the Black Ugrians who
previously had been "White Ugrian" vassals. The Black Ugrians henceforth
took the name "Avar" upon themselves and migrated to Central Europe
where
in the period 550-769 c.e. they dominated Hungary, Austria, and parts of
Germany. Their kingdom was destroyed by the Frankish Emperor
Charlemagne.
Their descendants are still to be found in Austria and Germany.
Originally the name "Avar" ("Abar") had been that of the Nephtalites,
then
it became that of the Juan-juan, then that of the Black Ugrians. The
recorded passsing over of the name to several different groups is
typical
of the history of this region and era.
The 2nd edition of "The Tribes" is now available.
This work contains information of great interest
that you need to know.
By purchasing the book you will also be assisting
us to further this message.
"The Tribes" costs $30 or its equivalent in other currency.
The price includes postage by airmail. It may be ordered with
a check drawn on your local bank and sent to:
Yair Davidy
POB 595
Jerusalem 91004
Israel
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