-Caveat Lector- THE MILITIA Most Americans who are in the Militia don't even know it. However, the laws of the states and of the union are often quite specific in defining the word "militia." For example: United Sates Code, Title 10, Chapter 13-The Militia, Section 311 "Militia: composition and classes-(a)The militia of the United States consists of all able-bodied males at least 17 years of age and except as provided in section 313 of title 32, under 45 years of age who are, or who have made a declaration of intention to become, citizens of the United States and of female citizens of the United States who are commissioned officers of the National Guard. (b) The classes of the militia are- (1) the organized militia, which consists of the National Guard and the Naval Militia; and (2) the unorganized militia, which consists of the members of the militia who are not members of the National Guard or the Naval Militia." Note that the section quoted above does not say that people can "join" the Militia--it simply states that the people defined in the section are IN the Militia! Definitions of the Militia may also be found in various state constitutions and statutes. Reference will need to be made to the constitution and statutes of your particular state in order to determine your status regarding the Militia. Remember...you may already be in the Militia, and not even know it! The Constitution for the united States of America is the Supreme Law of the land. It recognizes the Militia as an already existing force outside the control of the federal government but allows for the Congress to call forth the Militia for only three very specific occurrences. The Militia cannot be called up to perform any other acts outside of the three specifically stated in the Constitution. The Militia cannot be called upon to do anything un-Constitutional, illegal, or unlawful. Indeed, Militia commanders must refuse any un-Constitutional, illegal, or unlawful order. The Constitution for the united States of America states in Article 1, Section 8: "To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress...." The Preamble of the Bill of Rights and Article 2 are of particular note: "Preamble - The conventions of a number of the States having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added; And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best insure the beneficent ends of its institution." "Article II - A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." The active clause in the second Article in amendment is "the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State," is the descriptive clause. The meaning is clear. Honest study of the Constitution for the united States of America, laws of the Union, constitutions of the several States, state statutes, and writings of the Founders of our Republic reveals clearly that the Militia is a "citizens army" made up of the "whole of the people," for the purpose of guarding against "betrayal by their representatives," to "afford complete security against the invasions of public liberty by the national authority," and if either occurs it is their right, their duty, "to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security." A militiaman is simply any citizen in his capacity as a defender of the community, who is obliged to do so within his or her ability. Militiahood is a role which citizens may play as the situation requires. It is not a permanent condition. But just as each citizen has a duty to defend the community, he also has the duty to prepare himself to play that role effectively, and to join with others in his community to train and to function as organized forces, and the elected officials of his community have the duty to facilitate that organization and training. If those officials fail in their duty the Militiaman must carry on without their participation. What follows are selections from the constitutions of the several States pertaining to the maintenance and defense of freedom. State Constitutions which do NOT define "militia" (refer to state statutes) Alabama Maryland New York Alaska Massachusetts North Carolina California Michigan Oklahoma Connecticut Minnesota Oregon Delaware Missouri Rhode Island Georgia Montana Tennessee Hawaii Nebraska Texas Nevada West Virginia Indiana New Hampshire Wisconsin Louisiana New Jersey Wyoming State Constitutions which DO define "militia" Arizona New Mexico Arkansas North Dakota Colorado Ohio Florida Pennsylvania Idaho South Carolina Illinois Iowa South Dakota Kansas Utah Kentucky Vermont Maine Virginia Mississippi Washington ALABAMA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1, Sec. 26 - That every citizen has a right to bear arms in defense of himself and the state. Art. 15 - MILITIA - Sec. 271 - The legislature shall have power to declare who shall constitute the militia of the state, and to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the same; and the legislature may provide for the organization of a state and naval militia. Sec. 274 - Voluntary organization of infantry, cavalry, and artillery and naval militia may be formed in such manner and under such restrictions and with such privileges as may be provided by law. Sec. 276 - The governor shall, with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint all general officers, whose terms of office shall be four years. The governor, the generals and regimental and battalion commanders shall appoint their own staffs, as may be provided by law. Sec. 277 - The legislature shall provide for the safe keeping of the arms, ammunition, and accoutrements, and military records, banners, and relics of the state. ALASKA [No Militia Definition] Preamble - Section 19 - A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Section 20 - The governor may declare martial law when the public safety requires it in case of rebellion or actual or imminent invasion. Martial law shall not continue for longer than 20 days without the approval of a majority of the members of the legislature in joint session. ARIZONA Sec. 26 - The right of the individual citizen to bear arms in defense of himself or the State shall not be impaired, but nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing individuals or corporations to organize, maintain, or employ an armed body of men. Sec. 32 - The provisions of this Constitution are mandatory, unless by express words they are declared to be otherwise. Art. 16 - Sec. 1 - The militia of the State of Arizona shall consist of all able-bodied male citizens of the State between the ages of 18 and 45 years, and of those between said ages who shall have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States, residing therein, subject to such exemptions as now exist, or as may hereafter be created by the laws of the United States or of this State. ARKANSAS Sec. 5 - The citizens of this state shall have the right to keep and bear arms for their common defense. Art. 11 - Sec. 1 - The militia shall consist of all able-bodied male persons, residents of the State between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such as may be exempted by the laws of the United States or this State, and shall be organized, officered, armed and equipped and trained in such manner as may be provided by law. Sec. 2 - Volunteer companies of infantry, cavalry or artillery may be formed in such manner and with such restrictions as may be provided by law. Sec. 4 - The Governor shall, when the General Assembly is not in session, have power to call out the volunteers or militia, or both, to execute the laws, repel invasion, repress insurrection and preserve the public peace in such manner as may be authorized by law. CALIFORNIA [No Militia Definition] [No Right to Bear Arms Provision, but the California Constitution does guarantee that its citizens have the "Right to Fish" (no kidding!)] Art. 1 - Sec. 24 - Rights guaranteed by this Constitution are not dependent on those guaranteed by the United States Constitution. Sec. 7 - Commander of Militia - The governor is commander in chief of a militia that shall be provided by statute. The governor may call it forth to execute the law. COLORADO The right of no person to keep and bear arms in defense of his home, person and property, or in aid of the civil power when thereto legally summoned, shall be called in question; but nothing herein contained shall be construed to justify the practice of carrying concealed weapons. Art. 17 - Sec. 1 - The militia of the state shall consist of all able-bodied male residents of the state between the ages of 18 and 45 years; except, such persons as may be exempted by the laws of the United States, or of the State. Art. 17 - Sec. 4 - The general assembly shall provide for the safekeeping of the public arms, military records, relics and banners of the state. CONNECTICUT [No Militia definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 15 - Every citizen has a right to bear arms in defense of himself and the state. Art. 4 - Sec. 8 - The governor shall be captain general of the militia of the state, except when called into the service of the United States. DELAWARE [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 20 - A person has the right to keep and bear arms for the defense of self, family, home and state, and for hunting and recreational use. Art. 3 - Sec. 8 - He [the governor] shall be the commander in chief of the army and navy of this State, and of the militia, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States. FLORIDA Art. 1 - Sec. 8 - Subsec. (a) - The right of the people to keep and bear arms in defense of themselves and of this lawful authority of the state shall not be infringed, except that the manner of bearing arms may be regulated by law. Subsec. (b) - There shall be a mandatory period of three days, excluding weekends and legal holidays, between the purchase and delivery at retail of any handgun. For the purposes of this section, "purchase" means the transfer of money or other valuable consideration to the retailer and "handgun" means a firearm capable of being carried and used by one hand, such as a pistol or revolver. Holders of a concealed weapon permit as prescribed in Florida law shall not be subject to the provisions of this paragraph. Subsec. (d) - This restriction shall not apply to a trade-in of another handgun. Art 10 - Sec. 2 - Subsec. (a) - The militia shall be composed of all able-bodied inhabitants of the state who are or have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States; and no person because of religious creed or opinion shall be exempted from military duty except upon conditions provided by law. Subsec. (b) - The organizing, equipping, housing, maintaining, and disciplining of the militia, and the safekeeping of public arms may be provided for by law. GEORGIA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 1 - Para. 8 - The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne. Art. 2 - Sec. 6 - Para. 2 - subpara. 2 - The general assembly shall have the power to provide by law for a militia and of the trial by court martial and nonjudicial punishment of its members.... Art. 5 - Sec. 2 - Para. 3 - The governor shall be the commander in chief of the military forces of this state. HAWAII [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 17 - A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Art. 5 - Sec. 5 - ...The governor shall be commander in chief of the armed forces of the state and may call out such forces to execute the laws, suppress or prevent insurrection or lawless violence or repel invasion. IDAHO Art. 1 - Sec. 11 - The people have the right to keep and bear arms, which right shall not be abridged; but this provision shall not prevent the passage of laws to govern the carrying of weapons concealed on the person nor prevent the passage of any legislation providing penalties for the possession of firearms by a convicted felon, nor prevent the passage of any legislation punishing the use of a firearm. No law shall impose licensure, registration or special taxation on the ownership or possession of firearms or ammunition. Nor shall any law permit the confiscation of firearms, except those actually used in the commission of a felony. Art. 14 - Sec. 1 - All able bodied male persons, residents of this state, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, shall be enrolled in the militia, and perform such military duty as may be required by law, but no person having conscientious scruples against bearing arms shall be compelled to perform such duty in time of peace. Every person claiming such exemption from service, shall, in lieu thereof, pay into the school fund of the county of which he may be a resident, an equivalent in money, the amount and manner of payment to be fixed by law. Art. 14 - Sec. 2 -The legislature shall provide by law for the enrollment, equipment and discipline of the militia, to conform as nearly as practicable to the regulations for the government of the armies of the United States and pass such laws to promote volunteer organizations as may afford them effectual encouragement. Art. 14 - Sec. 5 - All military organizations under the laws of this state shall carry no other device, banner, or flag, than that of the United States or the State of Idaho. Art. 14 - Sec. 6 - No armed police force, or detective agency, or armed body of men, shall ever be brought into this state for the suppression of domestic violence, except upon the application of the legislature, or the executive when the legislature cannot be convened. ILLINOIS Art. 1 - Sec. 22 - Subject only to the police power, the right of the individual citizen to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Art. 12 - Sec. 1 - The state militia consists of all able-bodied persons residing in the state except those exempted by law. Art. 12 - Sec. 3 - The general assembly shall provide by law for the organization, equipment and discipline of the militia in conformity with the laws governing the armed forces of the United States. INDIANA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 32 - The people shall have a right to bear arms, for the defense of themselves and the State. Art. 12 - Sec. 2 - The governor is commander in chief of the militia and other military forces of this state. IOWA Art. 6 - Sec. 1 - The militia of this state shall be composed of all able bodied male citizens, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such as are or may hereafter be exempt by the laws of the United States, or of this State, and shall be armed, equipped, and trained, as the general assembly may provide by law. KANSAS Bill of Rights - Sec. 4 - The people have the right to bear arms for their defense and security; but standing armies, in time of peace, are dangerous to liberty, and shall not be tolerated, and the military shall be in strict subordination to the civil power. Art. 8 - Sec. 1 - The militia shall be composed of all able bodied male citizens between the ages of 21 and 45 years, except such as are exempted by the laws of the United States or of this state; but all citizens of any religious denomination whatever who from scruples of conscience may be averse to bearing arms shall be exempted therefrom, upon such conditions as may be prescribed by law. Art. 8 - Sec. 2 - The legislature shall provide for organizing, equipping and disciplining the militia.... KENTUCKY Bill of Rights - Sec. 1 - para. 7 - All men are by nature free and equal, and have certain inherent and inalienable rights, among which may be reckoned the right to bear arms in defense of themselves and of the State, subject to the power of the General Assembly to enact laws to prevent persons from carrying concealed weapons. The Militia - Sec. 219 - The militia of the Commonwealth of Kentucky shall consist of all able-bodied male residents of the State between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such persons as may be exempted by the laws of the State or of the United States. Sec. 220 - The General Assembly shall provide for maintaining an organized militia.... LOUISIANA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 11 - The right of each citizen to keep and bear arms shall not be abridged, but this provision shall not prevent the passage of laws to prohibit the carrying of weapons concealed on the person. MAINE Art. 1 - Sec. 16 - Every citizen has a right to keep and bear arms and this right shall never be questioned. Art. 7 - Sec. 5 - Persons of the denominations of Quakers and Shakers, Justices of the Supreme Judicial Court, Ministers of the Gospel and persons exempted by the laws of the United States may be exempted from military duty, but no other able bodied person of the age of 18 and under the age of 45 years, excepting officers of the militia who have been honorably discharged, shall be so exempted. Art. 7 - Sec. 2 - The legislature shall, by law, designate the qualifications necessary for holding a commission in the militia and shall prescribe the mode of selection of officers for the several grades. MARYLAND [No Militia Definition] Declaration of Rights - Art. 28 - That a well regulated militia is the proper and natural defense of a free government. Art. 2 - Sec. 8 - The governor shall be the commander in chief of the land and naval forces of the state and may call out the militia to repel invasions, suppress insurrections, and enforce the execution of the laws, but shall not take the command in person, without the consent of the legislature. Art. 9 - Sec. 1 - The general assembly shall make, from time to time, such provisions for organizing, equipping and disciplining the militia, as the exigency may require, and pass such laws to promote volunteer militia organizations as may afford them effectual encouragement. MASSACHUSETTS [No Militia Definition] Part the First, Declaration of Rights - Section 17 - The people have a right to keep and to bear arms for the common defense. And as, in time of peace, armies are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be maintained without the consent of the legislature, and the military power shall always be held in an exact subordination to the civil authority and be governed by it. Articles 7 and 10 which deal with the militia of the commonwealth were annulled. For further information, see Amendments, Article 54. MICHIGAN [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 6 - Every person has a right to keep and bear arms for the defense of himself and the state. Art. 3 - Sec. 4 - The militia shall be organized, equipped, and disciplined as provided by law. MINNESOTA [No Militia Definition] Art. 13 - Sec. 9 - The legislature shall pass laws necessary for the organization, discipline and service of the militia of the state. MISSISSIPPI [Yes, Militia Definition] Art. 3 - Sec. 12 - The right of every citizen to keep and bear arms in defense of his home, person or property, or in aid of the civil power when thereto legally summoned, shall not be called in question, but the legislature may regulate or forbid carrying concealed weapons. Art. 9 - Sec. 214 - All able-bodied male citizens of the state between the ages of 18 and 45 years shall be liable to military duty in the militia of this state, in such manner as the legislature may provide. Sec. 215 - The legislature shall provide for the organizing, arming, equipping, and discipline of the militia, and for paying the same when called into active service. MISSOURI [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 23 - The right of every citizen to keep and bear arms in defense of his home, person and property, or when lawfully summoned in aid of the civil power, shall not be questioned; but this shall not justify the wearing of concealed weapons. Art. 3 - Sec. 46 - The general assembly shall provide for the organization, equipment, regulations and functions of an adequate militia, and shall conform the same as nearly as practicable to the regulations for the government of the armed forces of the United States. MONTANA [No Militia Definition] Art. 2 - Sec. 12 - The right of any person to keep or bear arms in defense of his own home, person, and property, or in aid of the civil power when thereto legally summoned shall not be called in question, but nothing herein contained shall be held to permit the carrying of concealed weapons. Art. 2 - Sec. 33 - No armed person or persons or armed body of men shall be brought into this state for the preservation of the peace, or the suppression of domestic violence, except upon the application of the legislature, or of the governor when the legislature cannot be convened. NEBRASKA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 1 - All persons are by nature free and independent, and have certain inherent and inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness, and the right to keep and bear arms for security or defense of self, family, home, and others, and for lawful common defense, hunting, recreational sue, and all other lawful purposes, and such rights shall not be denied or infringed by the state or any subdivision thereof.... Art. 14 - Sec. 1 - The legislature may provide for the personnel, organization, and discipline of the militia of the state. NEVADA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 11 - Para. 1 - Every citizen has the right to keep and bear arms for security and defense, for lawful hunting and recreational use and for other lawful purposes. Art. 12 - Sec. 1 - The legislature shall provide by law for organizing and disciplining the militia of this state, for the effectual encouragement of volunteer corps and the safe keeping of the public arms. NEW HAMPSHIRE [No Militia Definition] Part the First, Bill of Rights, Art. 2-a - All persons have the right to keep and bear arms in defense of themselves, their families, their property and the state. Part the First, Bill of Rights, Art. 10 - Right of Revolution - Government being instituted for the common benefit, protection, and security, of the whole community, and not for the private interest of emolument of any one man, family, or class of men, therefore, whenever the ends of government are perverted and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress are ineffectual, the people may, and of right out to reform the old, or establish a new government. The doctrine of nonresistance against arbitrary power, and oppression is absurd, slavish and destruction of the good and happiness of mankind. Part the First, Art. 24 - A well regulated militia is the proper, natural, and sure defense of a state. NEW JERSEY [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 1 - All persons are by nature free and independent, and have certain natural and unalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying AND DEFENDING life and liberty, of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and of pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness. Art. 5 - Sec. 3 - Para. 1 - Provision for organizing, inducting, training, arming, disciplining, and regulating a militia shall be made by law, which shall conform to applicable standards established for the armed forces of the United States. NEW MEXICO Art. 2 - Sec. 6 - No law shall abridge the right of the citizen to keep and bear arms for security and defense, for lawful hunting and recreational use and for other lawful purposes, but nothing herein shall be held to permit the carrying of concealed weapons. No municipality or county shall regulate, in any way, an incident of the right to keep and bear arms. Art. 18 - Sec. 1 - The militia of this state shall consist of all able bodied male citizens between the ages of 18 and 45, except such as are exempt by laws of the United States or of this state.... NEW YORK [No Militia Definition] Art. 12 - Sec. 1 - The defense and protection of the state and of the United States is an obligation of all persons within the state. The legislature shall provide for the discharge of this obligation and for the maintenance and regulation of an organized militia. NORTH CAROLINA [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 30 - A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, and, as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they shall not be maintained, and the military shall be kept under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power. Nothing herein shall justify the practice of carrying concealed weapons, or prevent the general assembly from enacting penal statutes against that practice. NORTH DAKOTA Art. 1 - Sec. 1 - All individuals are by nature equally free and independent and have certain inalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying AND DEFENDING life and liberty; acquiring, possessing AND PROTECTING property and reputation; pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness; and to keep and bear arms for the defense of their person, family, property and the state, and for lawful hunting, recreation, and other lawful purposes, which shall not be infringed. Art. 11 - Sec. 16 - The militia of this state shall consist of all able bodied male persons residing in the state between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such as may be exempted by the laws of the United States, or of this state. Persons who religious tenets or conscientious scruples forbid them to bear arms shall not be compelled to do so in times of peace, but shall pay an equivalent for a personal service. Art. 11 - Sec. 18 - The legislative assembly shall provide by law for the establishment of volunteer organizations of several arms of the service, which shall be classed as active militia, and no other organized body of armed men shall be permitted to perform military duty in t his state except the army of the United States without the proclamation of the governor of the state. OHIO Art. 1 - Sec. 4 - The people have the right to bear arms for their defense and security, but standing armies, in time of peace, are dangerous to liberty, and shall not be kept up, and the military shall be in strict subordination to the civil power. Art. 9 - Sec. 1 - All citizens, residents of this state, being 17 years of age, and under the age of 67 years, shall be subject to enrollment in the militia and the performance of military duty, in such manner, not incompatible with the Constitution and laws of the United States, as may be prescribed by law. Art. 9 - Sec. 5 - The general assembly shall provide, by law, for the protection and safe keeping of the public arms. OKLAHOMA [No Militia Definition] Art. 2 - Sec. 26 - The right of a citizen to keep and bear arms in defense of his home, person, or property, or in aid of the civil power, when thereunto legally summoned, shall never be prohibited, but nothing herein contained shall prevent the legislature from regulating the carrying of weapons. Art. 5 - Sec. 40 - The legislature shall provide for organizing, disciplining, arming, maintaining, and equipping the militia of the state. OREGON [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 27 - The people shall have the right to bear arms for the defense of themselves and the state, but the military shall be kept in strict subordination to the civil power. Art. 10 - Sec. 1 - The legislative assembly shall provide by law for the organization, maintenance and discipline of a state militia for the defense and protection of the state. PENNSYLVANIA Art. 1 - Sec. 21 - The right of the citizens to bear arms in defense of themselves and the state shall not be questioned. Art. 3 - Sec. 16 - The citizens of this commonwealth shall be armed, organized and disciplined for its defense when and in such manner as may be directed by law.... RHODE ISLAND [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 22 - The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. SOUTH CAROLINA Art. 1 - Sec. 20 - A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. As, in time of peace, armies are dangerous to liberty, they shall not be maintained without the consent of the general assembly.... Art. 13 - Sec. 1 - The militia of this state shall consist of all able bodied male citizens of the state between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such persons as are now or may be exempted by the laws of the United States or this State, or who from religious scruples may be adverse to bearing arms, and shall be organized, officered, armed, equipped, and disciplined as the general assembly may by law direct. SOUTH DAKOTA [Yes, Militia Definition] Art. 6 - Sec. 24 - The right of the citizens to bear arms in defense of themselves and the state shall not be denied. Art. 15 - Sec. 1 - The militia of the state of South Dakota shall consist of all able bodied male persons residing in the state, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such persons as now are, or hereafter may be, exempted by the laws of the United States or of this state. Art. 15 - Sec. 2 - The legislature shall provide by law for the enrollment, uniforming, equipment and discipline of the militia and the establishment of volunteer and such other organizations or both as may be deemed necessary for the protection of the state, the preservation of order and the efficiency and good of the service. TENNESSEE [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 24 - The sure and certain defense of a free people is a well regulated militia; and as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to freedom, they ought to be avoided as far as the circumstances and safety of the community will admit; and that in all cases the military shall be kept in strict subordination to the civil authority. Art. 8 - Sec. 1 - All militia officers shall be elected by persons subject to military duty, within the bounds of their several companies, battalions, regiments, brigades and divisions, under such rules and regulations as the legislature may from time to time direct and establish. TEXAS [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 23 - Every citizen shall have the right to keep and bear arms in the lawful defense of himself or the state; but the legislature shall have power, by law, to regulate the wearing of arms, with a view to prevent crime. Art. 16 - Sec. 46 - which dealt with the militia of Texas was repealed on Aug. 5, 1969. UTAH Art. 1 - Sec. 6 - The individual right of the people to keep and bear arms for security and defense of self, family, others, property, or the state, as well as for other lawful purposes shall not be infringed, but nothing herein shall prevent the legislature from defining the lawful use of arms. Art. 15 - Sec. 1 - The militia shall consist of all able bodied male inhabitants of the state, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, except such as are exempted by law. VERMONT Chapter 1 - Art. 16 - That the people have a right to bear arms for the defense of themselves and the state -- and as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up, and that the military should be kept under strict subordination to and governed by the civil power. Chapter 2 - Sec. 59 - Militia: The inhabitants of this State shall be trained and armed for its defense, under such regulations, restrictions, and exceptions, as Congress, agreeably to the Constitution of the United States and the legislature of this state shall direct. VIRGINIA Art. 1 - Sec. 13 - A well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the proper, natural, and safe defense of a free state, therefore, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.... WASHINGTON Art. 1 - Sec. 24 - The right of the individual citizen to bear arms in defense of himself, or the state, shall not be impaired, but nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing individuals or corporations to organize, maintain or employ an armed body of men. Art. 10 - Sec. 1 - Militia - All able bodied male citizens of this state between the ages of 18 and 45 years except such as are exempt by laws of the United States or by the laws of this state, shall be liable to military duty. Art. 10 - Sec. 4 - The legislature shall provide by law for the protection and safe keeping of the public arms. WEST VIRGINIA [No Militia Definition] Art. 3 - Sec. 22 - A person has the right to keep and bear arms for the defense of self, family, home and state, and for lawful hunting and recreational use. WISCONSIN [No Militia Definition] Art. 4 - Sec. 29 - The legislature shall determine what persons shall constitute the militia of the state, and may provide for organizing and disciplining the same in such manner as shall be prescribed by law. WYOMING [No Militia Definition] Art. 1 - Sec. 24 - The right of citizens to bear arms in defense of themselves and of the state shall not be denied. Art. 19 - Sec. 6 - No armed police force or detective agency or armed body, or unarmed body of men, shall ever be brought into this state for the suppression of domestic violence, except upon the application of the legislature or executive when the legislature cannot be convened. http://www.telepath.com/believer/page-zz.htm GOD SAVE THE REPUBLIC ------------------ Blessed be the LORD, my rock, who trains my hands for war, and my fingers for battle; my rock and my fortress, my stronghold and my deliverer, my shield and he in whom I take refuge, who subdues the peoples under him. -Psalm 144:1,2 http://members.tripod.com/~ThePatriot/index2.html ********************************************************** [EMAIL PROTECTED] The Patriot Resource Center: http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/6627/ **********************Live Free or Die!**********************<>< DECLARATION & DISCLAIMER ========== CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. 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