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<A HREF="http://www.hqda.army.mil/acsim/ops/inmatebg.htm">Inmate Labor</A>
http://www.hqda.army.mil/acsim/ops/inmatebg.htm
Civilian Inmate Labor
The Army has established civilian inmate labor programs on twelve
installations since FY 89. Four resident programs (prison camps) are at Fort
Bliss, Fort Dix, and Camp Atterbury. Eight non-resident (off-post) programs
are at Parks Reserve Forces Training Area, Red River Army Depot, Fort Lee,
Fort McClellan, Fort Stewart, Fort McPherson, Fort Indian Town Gap, and
Anniston Army Depot. Fort Dix has two resident programs (prison camps) using
civilian inmates from both federal and state penal systems. Camp Atterbury's
resident program uses state civilian inmates. These ten programs average an
annual net cost avoidance ranging from $263,000 to $3,500,000.
Inmate labor does not interfere with the installation's operation and
mission. Civilian inmates provide a source of labor to Army installations to
accomplish needed tasks that would not otherwise be possible under current
manning and funding constraints. Inmate labor is intended to augment the
Army's civilian and military work force and contractor effort. Inmate labor
does not displace an existing in-house or contractor work force. The Army
does not pay direct labor costs for inmate labor but does incur equipment,
materials, supplies, transportation, and program administration costs to use
inmate labor.
Services provided by inmates are defined by 18 USC 4125(a) and include
preservation and maintenance of grounds and facilities; construction, repair
and demolition of buildings; road repair; custodial services; and
transportation of debris to recycling centers. Only minimum security inmates
are available under the Army's civilian inmate labor program. Army personnel
do not provide security supervision of inmate work details, but do monitor
and account for inmate presence or absence in an assigned work area.
Installation inmate labor programs are established via a memorandum of
agreement (MOA) between the installation and the local correctional facility.
The installation also develops an inmate labor plan governing operation of
inmate labor details on the installation. The MOA and inmate labor plan are
forwarded through command channels to HQDA for approval.
OACSIM manages the civilian inmate labor program and is finishing a
regulation covering policy and procedures for civilian inmate labor.
Army's use of inmate labor is now limited to federal civilian inmates. No
federal statute allows military installations to accept inmate labor from
off-post state and local correctional facilities. Numerous installations wish
to use civilian inmates from state or local correctional facilities off-post.
A DOD Services working is drafting a legislative proposal to gain support
from labor unions, the Department of Labor and the State Department before
presenting the revised proposal to Congressional staffers.
Section 1065 of the FY 95 Defense Authorization Act allows the Army to
conduct a demonstration project until October 1996. This demonstration
project tests the feasibility of using Army facilities to provide employment
training to nonviolent offenders in a State penal system before their release
from incarceration. The Army has selected Forts Bragg, Hood, and Campbell as
test sites. Functions performed by state civilian inmates will be similar to
those performed by federal civilian inmates. State civilian inmate use will
be governed by the same policy applied to federal civilian inmates. Such
policy covers supervision, non-DOD employee interference in inmate labor
details, type of inmates allowed on inmate labor details, and use of
facilities and land. Each test site is negotiating an MOA and inmate labor
plan with their respective correctional facility.
Overall, commanders with civilian inmate labor programs have been pleased
with civilian inmate labor results. The Federal Bureau of Prisons in
particular is a cooperative partner and active participant in the commander's
base operations support mission.
For more information, contact Ms. Yvonne Wildanger, Plans & Operations
Division, OACSIM.
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