Thomas Sowell

                   May 18, 2000

                   Ignorance of freedom

                         Five years ago, there was
                         great consternation when the
                         Supreme Court ruled that
                         carrying a gun near a school
                   was not interstate commerce. On
                   May 15, 2000, there was great
                   consternation when the Supreme
                   Court ruled that rape was not
                   interstate commerce. It is a sign of
                   how twisted the law has become
                   that each of these common sense
                   rulings was by a narrow 5 to 4
                   majority.

                   While the 1995 case involved a
                   federal law against carrying a gun
                   within a certain distance of a school,
                   this year's case involved a woman
                   suing two men for rape under a
                   federal law. Neither case was about
                   whether the law was good or bad.
                   The cases were about Constitutional
                   limits on the powers of the federal
                   government -- and all our freedoms
                   depend upon maintaining those
                   limits.

                   The feds have been getting around
                   the Constitutional limits by claiming to be regulating
                   interstate commerce. But the Supreme Court didn't buy
                   it.

                   Rape is already illegal in every state. What the recent
                   ruling said in effect was: You are in the wrong
                   courthouse, lady. Sue those so-and-so's in the state
                   courthouse down the street. State courts have the power
                   to do everything up to and including executing people,
                   so sending a case to a state court is no wrist slap.

                   Why does it matter whether a case is tried in a federal
                   court or a state or local court? It matters because a
                   concentration of power is dangerous. The people who
                   wrote the Constitution of the United States understood
                   that -- and feared that -- even if too many of us today do
                   not.

                   The familiar division of federal power among the
                   President, the Congress and the Supreme Court was
                   just the beginning. The Constitution also made it
                   possible to impeach anybody who abused his power. In
                   addition, the crucial 10th Amendment to the Constitution
                   said that the federal government had the power to do
                   only what it was specifically authorized to do, while the
                   people or the states could do whatever they were not
                   specifically forbidden to do.

                   This was understood for about 150 years. Then, during
                   the heady days of the New Deal, the federal
                   government's power to regulate interstate commerce
                   was stretched to include virtually anything that the
                   politicians in Washington chose to regulate. In one case,
                   the federal government's agricultural laws were applied
                   to a man who grew his own food in his own backyard.
                   The rationale was that he indirectly affected interstate
                   commerce, because otherwise he might have bought
                   food shipped across state lines.

                   As the years went by, the interstate commerce clause of
                   the Constitution was used repeatedly to circumvent the
                   10th Amendment. It was very clever -- and very
                   dangerous, because it took down the fence that the
                   Constitution had put around federal power.

                   Perhaps worse, people began to judge Supreme Court
                   decisions by whether those decisions helped or hurt
                   policies that those people favored or opposed. The
                   whole idea that the courts were there to maintain the
                   framework of law -- on which everyone's freedom
                   depends -- got lost in the shuffle.

                   When the Supreme Court ruled in 1995 that carrying a
                   gun near a school was not interstate commerce, there
                   was consternation because it was the first time in
                   decades that the high court had said that you couldn't
                   just put "interstate commerce" on everything, like
                   ketchup. Much of the outrage against this decision was
                   based on people's thinking that the court was saying that
                   it was OK to carry guns near a school.

                   What was truly scary was that people could see no
                   further than the particular law or policy right under their
                   noses. Current shrill reactions to the Supreme Court's
                   ruling that Congress had no authority to create a federal
                   law against rape is equally scary. The court was not
                   voting in favor of rape, but in favor of dealing with rapists
                   in state and local courts -- in order to maintain
                   Constitutional limits on federal power.

                   At the end of a century that has seen unspeakable
                   horrors from the unbridled powers of governments, you
                   would think that people would understand how important
                   it is to keep federal powers from constantly expanding.
                   Even in totalitarian countries, dictatorial powers did not
                   suddenly appear overnight. The central government's
                   powers just kept steadily growing, using claims to be
                   meeting some particular need or crisis -- until, finally,
                   freedom was all gone.

                   ©2000 Creators Syndicate, Inc.

                                    Copyright 1991-2000



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