-Caveat Lector- RadTimes # 108 November, 2000 An informally produced compendium of vital irregularities. "We're living in rad times!" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents: --------------- --180,000 votes for president were invalidated in Florida due to errors --The Old Joke about Clean Elections --Was George W. out of it when he signed the Texas manual vote recount law? --Conservatives, White Supremacists, Take to Florida Streets --Observers say ballots manipulated by examiner ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Begin stories: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 180,000 votes for president were invalidated in Florida due to errors <http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/daily/detail/0,1136,36000000000127419,00.html> Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel November 15, 2000 By RAFAEL LORENTE and SEAN HOLTON WASHINGTON -- While 300 votes have given George W. Bush an apparent winning edge in Florida, a far larger number -- 180,000 -- cast ballots that simply did not count in the presidential election. Many, like voters in Palm Beach County, chose more than one candidate. Some simply did not vote for president. Other ballots were ruined by mechanical or human errors. About 3 percent of Florida's 6.1 million voters in last week's election did not register a choice for president, up from just over 2 percent in 1992, according to a Sun-Sentinel survey and analysis of voting data from all 67 counties. The numbers include certified data from 64 counties, and the latest tallies from three counties still in dispute. "That's just a tremendous amount of ballots," said Pamela Swafford, the deputy director of elections of Hamilton County, Ohio, which includes Cincinnati. "To me, that seems like a lot." Of the 368,000 ballots cast in her county, 6,238 were not counted in the presidential totals. Of the Florida ballots that did not register a vote for president, 85,466 came from counties Bush won and 94,468 from counties that went for Gore. Since the 1940s, about 2 percent of ballots nationwide have not had their presidential vote counted, according to a national expert. While the overall state percentage is not dramatically higher, it has increased over the past three presidential elections, from 2.3 percent in 1992 to 2.5 percent in 1996. But in some counties, the numbers were very high. In Duval County, home to Jacksonville, about 9 percent of all ballots were not included in the presidential tallies, up from 2.3 percent in 1992. Of the 291,626 ballots cast in Duval County, 21,942 ballots had more than one vote for president and 4,967 had no vote for president. Tiny Gadsden County, where 12.4 percent of 16,812 ballots cast did not have proper presidential votes, had the highest percentage of voters whose ballots did not count in the state. In South Florida's big three counties, whose votes remain uncertified, 72,914 votes could not be counted for presidential candidates. In Palm Beach County there were 19,120 "overvotes" and 10,582 "undervotes," representing 6.4 percent of the 461,988. Miami-Dade had 17,851 people who voted more than once and 10,750 who did not vote, about 4.4 percent of the 653,963. In Broward County, 2.5 percent of the county's 588,007 total votes did not count toward the presidential race, a total of 7,925 and 6,686, respectively. "Those are way too high," said Ken Brace, president of Election Data Services Inc., the leading compiler of nationwide, detailed voting data. Brace said poor ballot design was probably responsible for the multiple votes. Since the morning of the election, voters in Palm Beach County have been complaining, saying the two-page "butterfly" ballot with punch holes in the middle was confusing. Many have pointed to the 3,407 votes that Reform Party candidate Pat Buchanan got, the most in the state, as evidence. Ion Sancho, the supervisor of elections in Leon County, said punch cards were partly to blame. "They should ban the punch card system in Florida," Sancho said. "Massachusetts and New Hampshire have banned the punch card system. Where else do we have punch card technology in our society? We don't take tests like that. People should not have to guess if their vote counts." The 26 counties with punch-card systems consistently had bigger problems with people not choosing a candidate in the presidential race. That suggested that Palm Beach was not the only place bedeviled by the infamous "chad" that clings to a ballot and keeps it from being read. On the other hand, a high "overvote" -- meaning more than one candidate was marked for president -- was more common in 16 counties where ballots are marked with felt-tip pens and counted centrally. Brace said that another problem in Florida may have been the unusually high number of candidates on this year's ballot. Florida, with 10, was tied with a few other states for most presidential candidates on the ballot. Florida's voters approved a constitutional amendment in 1998 making it easier for independent and minor parties to get on the ballot, and this year's choices included everything from the Socialist Worker's Party to the Natural Law Party. In Duval and DeSoto counties, voters had two pages of presidential candidates to contend with. It appears many voted for a candidate on each page. But Ron Turner, who runs elections in DeSoto, said voters had a chance to examine a sample ballot before Election Day. Even with all the candidates, he said, Republicans and Democrats remain in the first and second position on the ballot and people should know for whom they're voting before they walk in. "My personal opinion is, people need to get a grip," he said. "Ask questions, study your sample ballot and if you have questions that day, ask. Some of this has to be the voter's responsibility, not the supervisor's job." In Leon, Sancho uses a ballot checked at the precinct by the AccuVote optical scanning system, which immediately spits out problem ballots. If there is a double-vote, for example, poll workers inform the voter and they can revote. The result: Leon County had the lowest rate of uncounted presidential votes in the state. Out of 103,377 ballots cast, 181 or .175 percent, were discarded. All were absentee ballots missing signatures or a witness. But trends in the Sun-Sentinel's analysis suggest more than voter apathy was at work. For example, the shortfall in votes was nearly five times higher in counties where ballots are counted at a central location instead of at local precincts as in Leon County. In South Florida's three counties, ballots are shipped to a central location for tallying and cannot be re-done. Several election experts said it was difficult to tell why some people voted twice or not at all. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Old Joke about Clean Elections 12-Nov-00 By Marcelo Jelen MONTEVIDEO, Nov 12 (IPS-Latin American Office) - Former US president Jimmy Carter is accustomed to asking for calm amid complicated electoral processes, most often in Latin America. But for the first time he has had to do so in his own country. In 1982, one year after leaving the presidency, he created the Carter Centre, the principal mission of which is to observe and advise developing countries with less experience in holding elections or that face a high risk of electoral fraud. But something happened last Tuesday, when US voters cast their ballots nearly fifty-fifty for Republican governor of Texas, George W. Bush, and Democratic Vice-President Al Gore as the person they wanted to succeed President Bill Clinton. The unprecedented challenges and delays the United States now faces as it recounts ballots in several states have led to a range of criticisms from Latin America, whose authorities had become used to Washington questioning them about their own elections. ''A few months ago, the Secretary-General of the OAS (Organisation of American States), Csar Gaviria, and the US Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright, were monitoring the elections in Peru. It's curious that they are now keeping quiet,'' said Ciro Roldn, a political expert from the National University of Colombia. ''If this had occurred in one of our countries, they would have already sent an OAS commission,'' a Latin American ambassador in Washington told the Argentine daily 'Clarn.' In the United States, the candidate who obtains at least 270 votes from the 538-member electoral college wins the presidency. The electoral college members are elected by popular vote in each state on a winner- takes-all basis, meaning the presidential candidate that wins the popular vote obtains all of that state's electoral college votes, regardless of how small his or her victory is. So far, Gore holds 255 electoral college votes, Bush has 246, and still at stake are Florida's 25, five in New Mexico and seven in Oregon. The number of electoral college votes held by each state is the same number of representatives and senators the state has in the national Congress, nearly proportional to population. Florida's governor is Jeb Bush, brother of the Republican candidate who holds a slim lead of 327 votes out of more than six million, according to unofficial reports. Gore's supporters, meanwhile, have denounced several irregularities in the voting process there. Back in July, Carter personally took part in observing presidential elections in both Mexico and Venezuela. In April and May, the Carter Centre criticised the re-election process of Alberto Fujimori in Peru. It noted some improvements in the Nicaraguan system shortly before municipal elections there Nov 5. Last Thursday in Washington, Carter called on the US people to be ''patient'' and predicted that ''the process would take several days.'' He told the media at the National Press Club that it would be a great error if the final results of these elections do not achieve a general consensus. The Latin American criticisms focus on the indirect electoral system that would allow Bush to take the presidency even though Gore won an estimated 200,000 more popular votes, and they point out the technical aspects, such as the confusing design of ballots that led to the nullification of 19,000 votes in Palm Beach, Florida. Also in Palm Beach, a county that is largely Jewish, there were, surprisingly, 3,600 votes cast for Pat Buchanan, a candidate who has made anti-Semitic statements. Also in Florida, ballot boxes were discovered that had not been counted. There were also charges of harassment against African-American voters, a community that is traditionally Democrat. Nationwide, Gore won more than 90 percent of the votes cast by the African-American electorate. In the United States, the electoral system is fragmented, with each of its 50 states - and all of their counties - providing different ballots as they include candidates in local elections as well. ''No one is going to be happy, because with a difference of just a thousand votes it will be unacceptable to either of the two. The best thing would be to repeat the process,'' recommended Colombian expert Roldn. Cuba's governing Communist Party, which Washington accuses of being anti-democratic, even joined the fray, recommending a re-vote in Florida in an editorial published in the government-run daily 'Granma'. Costa Rica, meanwhile, is free of international claims of electoral fraud. ''The possibility of irregularities is very remote here. In the first place, because the vote is direct: the citizens vote for the candidate and not for delegates,'' Luis Antonio Sobrado, member of the Costa Rican Supreme Court of Elections (TSE), told IPS. ''There is little chance for confusion. The TSE creates ballots in such a way that nobody can vote for one candidate thinking they voted for another. Each candidate is given an entire column on the ballot, with a photo and the colours of the party,'' he added, in reference to the confusion in Palm Beach. The lack of a system of proportional representation to elect the president is the greatest problem of the US system, even from an ethical perspective, said Mario Cataldi, who has participated in the Electoral Court of Uruguay's delegation as observer and adviser in numerous elections. But it seems impossible to change such a deeply rooted system, despite the fact that the close electoral race this time has exposed its problems, Cataldi told IPS. In 1977, former president Carter proposed a constitutional reform regarding elections, but he was unsuccessful. The United States is the only country in the Americas where the president is elected indirectly. Argentina abandoned a similar system in 1994 under a constitutional reform that also permitted the re-election of then- president Carlos Menem. Chilean political expert Ricardo Israel also recommended a change in the US system. ''The electoral college is not democratic, it leads to excessive concern among the candidates about local issues and that is not egalitarian because some votes then weigh more than others,'' he maintained. It is unfair because in a winner-take-all situation with the electoral college, ''even if the candidate has won by only one vote, the votes cast in states with low turnout weigh more than those from states where more people go to the polls,'' said Israel in a column appearing on the Terra website. Cataldi, the Uruguayan electoral official, also criticised the possibility of repeating the elections in Palm Beach, as the Democratic voters are demanding, because that would give a handful of citizens the power to elect the president of the entire nation. A similar situation occurred in Uruguay in the 1940s when the results from an electoral district in the country's interior were annulled. The re-vote, in which just 300 citizens participated, determined the winner of the presidency, he pointed out. The electoral system of Mexico, previously at the service of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), is now considered one of the ''cleanest'' in the world after passing the test of July's elections, in which opposition candidate Vicente Fox won the presidential seat, ending the PRI's 71 consecutive years of rule. Paraguay, a country whose electoral system was notoriously corrupt during the six decades in which the Colorado Party reigned, passed its own test in August, when citizens elected Vice-President Julio Csar Franco, of the opposition Authentic Radical Liberal Party. The electoral process there won the approval of observers from the OAS, the US government and private organisations. Brazil, meanwhile, held elections in October to elect municipal authorities. The electorate cast votes via an electronic system, instead of a ballot box, and manual votes were used in just a few areas where the new system was not working properly. The results were known just hours after the polling sites had closed and there were no charges of irregularities. The electoral authorities reported that their European counterparts had expressed interest in importing the electronic voting technology. In Brazil, the ballots list a number corresponding to each candidate, but a photo of the candidate also appears, ensuring that even people who are illiterate can vote without fear of making a mistake. Elections in Venezuela have also been computerised. The latest constitutional reform required calling 11.7 million people to cast their vote for new political leaders on May 28. But the elections were postponed after several technical problems were discovered. In the end, the elections were approved by international observers, despite the fact that the overwhelming victories of candidates supported by President Hugo Chvez could have prompted suspicion. Meanwhile, the sharpest questioning came during the two rounds of general elections in Peru, which this year led to the third consecutive term of President Fujimori - though events since then have led him to announce new elections for next year and his own resignation. In the Peruvian electoral process, 260 cases of irregularities were denounced in which police harassed opposition candidates' delegates at the voting sites, ballots were poorly printed, or journalists were obstructed from gathering information. The top opposition candidate, Alejandro Toledo, boycotted the run- off election against Fujimori in May because the government refused to postpone it, as had been requested by foreign observers, including the OAS, which withdrew from Peru after calling for improvements in the electoral system. Patrick Merloe, of the National Democratic Institute, a US organisation with close ties to the Carter Centre, said that based on experience in other countries, when elections do not meet international standards, the possibility of new elections must be considered. Merloe was referring to May's elections in Peru, but he might well have repeated his words last week in reference to the United States. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Was George W. out of it when he signed the Texas manual vote recount law? Online Journal - <http://www.onlinejournal.com> 11-16-00 By Bev Conover For more than a week George W. Bush and the contingent he sent to Florida have been fighting the hand recounting of ballots in Palm Beach, Broward, Dade and Volusia counties, yet the Texas governor in 1997 signed legislation into law that said a hand recount is preferred to a machine recount in close elections. Was Bush so out of it that he doesn't realize what he signed or is it a matter of what's good for Texas isn't good for Florida? Or isn't it good for Florida when Bush is on the Sunshine State's ballot as the Republican Party's presidential candidate, has lost the popular vote nationwide and is currently behind in the electoral vote? Bush, who has already anointed himself president, and his cohorts have been screaming how evil, how dastardly, manually recounting ballots in counties where more than 20,000 people have been disenfranchised would be. That even with an army of Republicans looking over their shoulders, the filthy Democrat canvassers would pull some sleight of hand to give more votes to Al Gore and take some away from Bush. Besides that, they have decreed machines are more accurate than humans, when even the machine makers say their machines have an error rate. Is there something we don't understand about Texas that makes hand recounts preferred there? Are Texas Democrats more honest than Florida's? Do Texas Democrats lack the manual dexterity to punch out chad where no punches had gone before and not be caught by watchful Republicans? Are there any Democrats in Texas? And why are Texas machines less reliable in close elections than Florida's, necessitating hand counting of ballots in the Lone Star State? Notice how the TV news cuties, who blather day and night about lawyers and courts and lawsuits and injunctions, don't mention the fact that Bush signed a law in his own state that gives preference to hand recounts over machine recounts, because human eyes still beat machines. Nor do they bring up the fact that it was John Ellis who just happened to be on the Fox news desk one election night and decided, after conferring with his cousins George and Jebbie, the governors of Texas and Florida, to call Florida for George W., thereby handing him the 25 electoral votes that would have put him over the top. Nothing funny there, right? Hey, "pregnant chad" is more fun. Why ruin it when you can have James Baker and right winger Ted Olson, who is married to Scaife babe Barbara Olson, running off at the mouth about why Big Bad Al, who won the popular vote - a fact that won't change even if they manage to steal Florida from him - and is ahead in the electoral vote, should just go away so their man-child, George W., can get on with playing at being president? Of course they would have folded their tent and stolen quietly into the night had the situation been reversed. You doubt? Gosh, if George W. and his handlers manage to pull this off, we can hardly wait to experience what life will be like with King George in the White House. This will be more fun than Watergate, Iran-contra and Iraqgate combined - that's if the country survives. Even the right-wingers will long for the days of the Clinton non-scandals. And we all owe this to Ralph Nader, even though he's refusing to take the credit. Thanks, Ralph. We won't forget you and all your supporters. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conservatives, White Supremacists, Take to Florida Streets Claiming an 'Implicit' Racial Angle, Stormfront Leader Backs Bush Protest by Donna Ladd Village Voice WEST PALM BEACH, NOVEMBER 15 Every Thursday evening, downtown West Palm Beach hosts a colorful, profitable street party drawing everyone from blue-haired retirees to Harley hoggers to the stroller brigade to young area hipsters. "Clematis by Night," which runs from 5:30 to 9 p.m., has been a tradition around Centennial Square since June 8, 1995, after Mayor Nancy Graham approved it to help draw residents back downtown. The event is usually a middle-class bacchanalia of sorts, where crafts and lemonade vendors rake in the bucks, adults drink beer and listen to live music, and West Palm Beachers enjoy pleasant, mild weather and breezy talk, even in mid November. This week, however, on November 16, the mood is likely to be a bit darker. A coalition of angry conservatives, neo-Nazis, Second Amendment zealots, and Confederate flag wavers among them, are planning to crash the party. Many of the same Gore-haters who forced Reverend Jesse Jackson off the stage across town Monday at the Governmental Operations Center are planning to stage a demonstration to protest recounts in Florida and tell the world, "No more Gore!" The founder of the Internet's first "hate" site will help lead the rally. Don Black of Stormfront.org, which is beamed to the world from his home in downtown West Palm Beach, two miles from the voting action this week at the Emergency Operations Center, is promoting the rally on his Web site. Black will be there with his 11-year-old son, Derek (the webmaster of Stormfront for Kids.) Both father and son are featured in the HBO documentary Hate.com, airing this week. The Pat Buchanan supporter, who voted for George W. Bush to keep Al Gore out, said Wednesday that he participated in the Jackson protest Monday, which he insists was more anti-Gore than pro-Bush. "I was right in the middle of things," Black said with a laugh. "Not a single reporter recognized me. My ego was deflated in a way." That is not entirely surprising. Although Black is a former deputy of KKK leader David Duke's (and actually married Duke's former wife, Chloe), he tries to stay below the media radar in his wife's hometown of West Palm Beach, where they moved in 1987. Likewise, Black said that he is counseling fellow "pro-white" extremists to show up to support Bush, but not to emphasize their controversial stances such as support for the Confederate flag. "That's the kind of thing that I'm sure the Bush campaign doesn't want us to get into. That's not the focus of it right now," he said. Still, at heart, the protests are about race. "It's an implicit racial issue here, which most people understand. But it's probably not to our advantage to turn it into an explicit one." It would also be detrimental to Stormfront and other conservative groups if Thursday's protest turns violent. Frustrations in the state have escalated as the contested election has become entangled in a web of court rulings and appeals. "I told everybody not to come if they can't control their temper," Black said. "Everybody's doing that; apparently it's worked. The Jackson rally did get pretty tense for a while, though." Black emphasized that Stormfront is not the sole organizer of the Thursday rally; he gave most of the credit to NewsMax.com, a national conservative news wire that has peppered protests all week with signs printed with its URL. On its site, NewsMax calls for "troop enforcement" from local (and distant) conservatives who feel "outnumbered by the marches led by Jesse Jackson." The site exhorts, "Stop the madness of anyone trying to steal this election away from the American people and what they believe in!" NewsMax, which is also published out of West Palm Beach, did not respond to a request to an interview by press time. Black said mainstream press coverage has been skewed in its assessment of who actually lives in South Florida, especially when it comes to the potent minority of "pro-white" Palm Beach voters. "Palm Beach being exclusively Democratic and of course very Jewish and very cosmopolitan is not entirely accurate," he said. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Observers say ballots manipulated by examiner <http://www.washtimes.com/national/default-20001116225829.htm> By Steve Miller THE WASHINGTON TIMES November 16, 2000 WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. ‹ Five observers to Saturday's hand count in Palm Beach County have filed affidavits in federal court charging that a Democratic county commissioner manipulated ballots so Al Gore would receive more votes than George W. Bush. Carol Roberts, a de facto appointee to the three-member elections canvassing board, is accused in the filings of asking a Democratic observer to the count whether ballots should count and that she "twisted the ballots and poked her finger directly in sections of, and aggressively handled, the ballots." On one occasion, observer John Grotta said in a sworn statement, Miss Roberts looked at a ballot and said " 'Unfortunately, the corners aren't detached,' as she was referring to a ballot that would have been a vote for Vice President Gore." The most pointed charges in the affidavits were cited in a request by the Palm Beach Republican Party that Miss Roberts, a longtime Democrat, step down from the board because of her partisan behavior in last week's sample count of 4,600 ballots. When the count found that Mr. Gore netted 19 more votes, Miss Roberts was adamant about a full recount, asserting that Mr. Gore could claim as many as 1,900 more votes based on the sampling. Miss Roberts refused to remove herself from the panel, saying in a public statement ‹ read by canvassing board chairman Charles Burton to a press gallery that is now an encampment outside the Emergency Operation Center here ‹ that the count was done "in full view of public observers from both parties and cameras from all over the world. "All board members examined and voted on all questioned ballots and nearly all votes were unanimous. . . . I will continue to be fair and impartial and will not recuse myself." Yesterday, Miss Roberts publicly challenged the election powers of Secretary of State Katherine Harris, a Republican, in the recount dispute, saying Attorney General Robert Butterworth, a Democrat, had the proper authority. Mrs. Harris has been the target of Democrats, who claim she is partisan and must recuse herself. The partisan rancor has completely divided the sides in the manual recount debate. Palm County's hand count was delayed yesterday pending the state Supreme Court's opinion on the legal standing of the process. The charge against Miss Roberts "is not a witch hunt," said Mark Hoch, administrator for the county's Republican Party. "We have complaints coming out of the woodwork, and most of the things we look at are unsubstantiated," Mr. Hoch said. "Carol Roberts, though, can be seen as truly partisan." Miss Roberts arrived at the emergency center around 6:15 a.m. yesterday with a sheriff's deputy bodyguard and a personal assistant. As a vocal advocate of the manual count in both Palm Beach County and three other surrounding ‹ and Democrat-dominated ‹counties, Miss Roberts has thrived on the controversy surrounding the recount. At one point this week, Miss Roberts said she would go to jail to have the manual recount accomplished. In Palm Beach County, recounts by hand and machine have added 787 votes for Mr. Gore to an extra 119 for Mr. Bush ‹ a net Gore pick up of 668. The affidavits filed yesterday also include charges that elections workers were reluctant to reassess votes despite the protests of observers. In one case, a worker refused to recount a stack of ballots that contained Bush votes, according to observer Mark Klimer. Mr. Klimer's statement included the accusation that Miss Roberts picked up ballots from a stack that was to be evaluated later by the entire board and interspersed them with a stack of Gore votes. He also said the ballot evaluation was inconsistent. Some ballots judged as Gore votes did not meet the agreed standards for a valid vote, the West Palm Beach banker said. Mr. Klimer said yesterday he was in the counting room for 4 and 1/2 hours on Saturday. A Republican, Mr. Klimer said his interest was not partisan: "I was there to make sure it was fair." "Beyond a shadow of a doubt, what I saw is the absolute truth," Mr. Klimer said. Miss Roberts is one of three Democrats on the seven-member County Commission. She was elected in 1986 after serving 11 years on the West Palm Beach City Council. When she became president of the Florida Association of Counties in 1996, Miss Roberts took some heat for marking the occasion with three days of festivities paid for with $55,000 from her business friends. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ===================================================== "Anarchy doesn't mean out of control. It means out of 'their' control." -Jim Dodge ====================================================== "Communications without intelligence is noise; intelligence without communications is irrelevant." -Gen. Alfred. M. Gray, USMC ====================================================== "It is not a sign of good health to be well adjusted to a sick society." -J. 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