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>
> Environmental warfare, Chossudovsky, 2000
> The Americans and the Russians have developed capabilities to manipulate the
> World's climate.
> Dr. Rosalie Bertell confirms that "US military scientists are working on
> weather systems as a potential weapon."
>
> Date: Sun, 26 Nov 2000
> From: Michel Chossudovsky <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Climate Change: Washington's New World Order Weapons
>
> IT'S NOT ONLY GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS:
> WASHINGTON'S NEW WORLD ORDER WEAPONS
> HAVE THE ABILITY TO TRIGGER CLIMATE CHANGE
> by Michel Chossudovsky
> Professor of Economics, University of Ottawa, author of The Globalization of
> Poverty, second edition, Common Courage Press, 2000.
>
> The important debate on global warming under UN auspices provides but a
> partial picture of climate change; in addition to the devastating impacts of
> greenhouse gas emissions on the ozone layer, the World's climate can now be
> modified as part of a new generation of sophisticated "non-lethal weapons."
> Both the Americans and the Russians have developed capabilities to
> manipulate the World's climate.
>
> In the US, the technology is being perfected under the High-frequency Active
> Aural Research Program (HAARP) as part of the ("Star Wars") Strategic
> Defence Initiative (SDI). Recent scientific evidence suggests that HAARP is
> fully operational and has the ability of potentially triggering floods,
> droughts, hurricanes and earthquakes. From a military standpoint, HAARP is
> a weapon of mass destruction. Potentially, it constitutes an instrument of
> conquest capable of selectively destabilising agricultural and ecological
> systems of entire regions.
>
> While there is no evidence that this deadly technology has been used, surely
> the United Nations should be addressing the issue of "environmental warfare"
> alongside the debate on the climatic impacts of greenhouse gases.
>
> * * * * * * * * * * *
>
> Despite a vast body of scientific knowledge, the issue of deliberate
> climatic manipulations for military use has never been explicitly part of
> the UN agenda on climate change. Neither the official delegations nor the
> environmental action groups participating in the Hague Conference on Climate
> Change (CO6) (November 2000) have raised the broad issue of "weather
> warfare" or "environmental modification techniques (ENMOD)" as relevant to
> an understanding of climate change.
>
> The clash between official negotiators, environmentalists and American
> business lobbies has centered on Washington's outright refusal to abide by
> commitments on carbon dioxide reduction targets under the 1997 Kyoto
> protocol.1 The impacts of military technologies on the World's climate are
> not an object of discussion or concern. Narrowly confined to greenhouse
> gases, the ongoing debate on climate change serves Washington's strategic
> and defense objectives.
>
> "WEATHER WARFARE"
>
> World renowned scientist Dr. Rosalie Bertell confirms that "US military
> scientists are working on weather systems as a potential weapon. The
> methods include the enhancing of storms and the diverting of vapor rivers in
> the Earth's atmosphere to produce targeted droughts or floods."2 Already in
> the 1970s, former National Security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski had foreseen
> in his book "Between Two Ages" that:
>
> "Technology will make available, to the leaders of major nations, techniques
> for conducting secret warfare, of which only a bare minimum of the security
> forces need be appraised... [T]echniques of weather modification could be
> employed to produce prolonged periods of drought or storm."
>
> Marc Filterman, a former French military officer, outlines several types of
> "unconventional weapons" using radio frequencies. He refers to "weather
> war," indicating that the U.S. and the Soviet Union had already "mastered
> the know-how needed to unleash sudden climate changes (hurricanes, drought)
> in the early 1980s."3 These technologies make it "possible to trigger
> atmospheric disturbances by using Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) radar
> [waves]." 4
>
> A simulation study of future defense "scenarios" commissioned for the US Air
> Force calls for:
>
> "US aerospace forces to 'own the weather' by capitalizing on emerging
> technologies and focusing development of those technologies to war-fighting
> applications. From enhancing friendly operations or disrupting those of the
> enemy via small-scale tailoring of natural weather patterns to complete
> dominance of global communications and counterspace control,
> weather-modification offers the war fighter a wide-range of possible options
> to defeat or coerce an adversary... In the United States,
> weather-modification will likely become a part of national security policy
> with both domestic and international applications. Our government will
> pursue such a policy, depending on its interests, at various levels. 5
>
> THE HIGH-FREQUENCY ACTIVE AURAL RESEARCH PROGRAM (HAARP)
>
> The High-Frequency Active Aural Research Program (HAARP) based in Gokoma
> Alaska --jointly managed by the US Air Force and the US Navy-- is part of a
> new generation of sophisticated weaponry under the US Strategic Defense
> Initiative (SDI). Operated by the Air Force Research Laboratory's Space
> Vehicles Directorate, HAARP constitutes a system of powerful antennas
> capable of creating "controlled local modifications of the ionosphere".
> Scientist Dr. Nicholas Begich --actively involved in the public campaign
> against HAARP-- describes HAARP as:
>
> "A super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that lifts areas of the
> ionosphere [upper layer of the atmosphere] by focusing a beam and heating
> those areas. Electromagnetic waves then bounce back onto earth and penetrate
> everything -- living and dead." 6
>
> Dr. Rosalie Bertell depicts HAARP as "a gigantic heater that can cause major
> disruption in the ionosphere, creating not just holes, but long incisions in
> the protective layer that keeps deadly radiation from bombarding the
> planet." 7
>
> MISLEADING PUBLIC OPINION
>
> HAARP has been presented to public opinion as a program of scientific and
> academic research. US military documents seem to suggest, however, that
> HAARP's main objective is to "exploit the ionosphere for Department of
> Defense purposes." 8 Without explicitly referring to the HAARP program, a US
> Air Force study points to the use of "induced ionospheric modifications" as
> a means of altering weather patterns as well as disrupting enemy
> communications and radar.9
>
> According to Dr. Rosalie Bertell, HAARP is part of an integrated weapons'
> system, which has potentially devastating environmental consequences:
>
> "It is related to fifty years of intensive and increasingly destructive
> programs to understand and control the upper atmosphere. It would be rash
> not to associate HAARP with the space laboratory construction which is
> separately being planned by the United States. HAARP is an integral part of
> a long history of space research and development of a deliberate military
> nature. The military implications of combining these projects is alarming.
> The ability of the HAARP / Spacelab/ rocket combination to deliver very
> large amount of energy, comparable to a nuclear bomb, anywhere on earth via
> laser and particle beams, are frightening. The project is likely to be
> "sold" to the public as a space shield against incoming weapons, or, for the
> more gullible, a device for repairing the ozone layer. 10
>
> In addition to weather manipulation, HAARP has a number of related uses:
>
> "HAARP could contribute to climate change by intensively bombarding the
> atmosphere with high-frequency rays... Returning low-frequency waves at high
> intensity could also affect people's brains, and effects on tectonic
> movements cannot be ruled out. 11.
>
> More generally, HAARP has the ability of modifying the World's
> electro-magnetic field. It is part of an arsenal of "electronic weapons"
> which US military researchers consider a "gentler and kinder warfare". 12
>
> WEAPONS OF THE NEW WORLD ORDER
>
> HAARP is part of the weapons arsenal of the New World Order under the
> Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). From military command points in the US,
> entire national economies could potentially be destabilized through climatic
> manipulations. More importantly, the latter can be implemented without the
> knowledge of the enemy, at minimal cost and without engaging military
> personnel and equipment as in a conventional war.
>
> The use of HAARP -- if it were to be applied-- could have potentially
> devastating impacts on the World's climate. Responding to US economic and
> strategic interests, it could be used to selectively modify climate in
> different parts of the World resulting in the destabilization of
> agricultural and ecological systems.
>
> It is also worth noting that the US Department of Defense has allocated
> substantial resources to the development of intelligence and monitoring
> systems on weather changes. NASA and the Department of Defense's National
> Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) are working on "imagery for studies of
> flooding, erosion, land-slide hazards, earthquakes, ecological zones,
> weather forecasts, and climate change" with data relayed from satellites. 13
>
> POLICY INERTIA OF THE UNITED NATIONS
>
> According to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) signed at
> the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro: "States have in accordance with
> the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law,
> the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction
> or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of
> areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction." 14
>
> It is also worth recalling that an international Convention ratified by the
> UN General Assembly in 1997 bans "military or other hostile useof
> environmental modification techniques having widespread, long-lasting or
> severe effects."15 Both the US and the Soviet Union were signatories to the
> Convention. The Convention defines "'environmental modification techniques'
> as referring to any technique for changing--through the deliberate
> manipulation of natural processes--the dynamics, composition or structure of
> the earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere or
> of outer space." 16
>
> Why then did the UN --disregarding the 1977 ENMOD Convention, as well as its
> own charter, decide to exclude from its agenda climatic changes resulting
> from military programs?
>
> EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ACKNOWLEDGES IMPACTS OF HAARP
>
> In February 1998, responding to a report of Mrs. Maj Britt Theorin --Swedish
> MEP and longtime peace advocate--, the European Parliament's Committee on
> Foreign Affairs, Security and Defense Policy held public hearings in
> Brussels on the HAARP program.17 The Committee's "Motion for Resolution"
> submitted to the European Parliament:
>
> "Considers HAARP by virtue of its far-reaching impact on the environment to
> be a global concern and calls for its legal, ecological and ethical
> implications to be examined by an international independent body...; [the
> Committee] regrets the repeated refusal of the United States
> Administration... to give evidence to the public hearing into the
> environmental and public risks [of] the HAARP program." 18.
>
> The Committee's request to draw up a "Green Paper" on "the environmental
> impacts of military activities", however, was casually dismissed on the
> grounds that the European Commission lacks the required jurisdiction to
> delve into "the links between environment and defense". 19 Brussels was
> anxious to avoid a showdown with Washington.
>
> FULLY OPERATIONAL
>
> While there is no concrete evidence of HAARP having been used, scientific
> findings suggest that it is at present fully operational. What this means is
> that HAARP could potentially be applied by the US military to selectively
> modify the climate of an "unfriendly nation" or "rogue state" with a view to
> destabilizing its national economy.
>
> Agricultural systems in both developed and developing countries are already
> in crisis as a result of New World Order policies including market
> deregulation, commodity dumping, etc. Amply documented, IMF and World Bank
> "economic medicine" imposed on the Third World and the countries of the
> former Soviet block has largely contributed to the destabilization of
> domestic agriculture. In turn, the provisions of the World Trade
> Organization (WTO) have supported the interests of a handful of Western
> agri-biotech conglomerates in their quest to impose genetically modified
> (GMO) seeds on farmers throughout the World.
>
> It is important to understand the linkage between the economic, strategic
> and military processes of the New World Order. In the above context,
> climatic manipulations under the HAARP program (whether accidental or
> deliberate) would inevitably exacerbate these changes by weakening national
> economies, destroying infrastructure and potentially triggering the
> bankruptcy of farmers over vast areas. Surely national governments and the
> United Nations should address the possible consequences of HAARP and other
> "non-lethal weapons" on climate change.
>
> NOTES
>
> 1. The latter calls for nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an
> average of 5.2 percent to become effective between 2008 and 2012. See
> Background of Kyoto Protocol at http://www.globalwarming.net/gw11.html
> 2. The Times, London, 23 November 2000.
> 3. Intelligence Newsletter, December 16, 1999.
> 4. Ibid.
> 5. Air University of the US Air Force, AF 2025 Final Report,
> http://www.au.af.mil/au/2025/ (emphasis added).
> 6. Nicholas Begich and Jeane Manning, The Military's Pandora's Box,
> Earthpulse Press, http://www.xyz.net/~nohaarp/earthlight.html See also the
> HAARP home page at http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/
> 7. See Briarpatch, January, 2000. (emphasis added).
> 8. Quoted in Begich and Manning, op cit.
> 9. Air University, op cit.
> 10. Rosalie Bertell, Background of the HAARP Program, 5 November, 1996,
> http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/envronmt/weapons.htm
> 11. Begich and Manning, op cit.
> 12. Don Herskovitz, Killing Them Softly, Journal of Electronic Defense,
> August 1993. (emphasis added). According to Herskovitz, "electronic warfare"
> is defined by the US Department of Defense as "military action involving the
> use of electromagnetic energy..." The Journal of Electronic Defense at
> http://www.jedefense.com/ has published a range of articles on the
> application of electronic and electromagnetic military technologies.
> 13. Military Space, 6 December, 1999.
> 14. UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, New York, 1992. See complete
> text at http://www.unfccc.de/resource/conv/conv_002.html (emphasis added).
> 15. See Associated Press, 18 May 1977.
> 16. Environmental Modification Ban Faithfully Observed, States Parties
> Declare, UN Chronicle, July, 1984, Vol. 21, p. 27.
> 17. European Report, 7 February 1998.
> 18. European Parliament, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defense
> Policy, Brussels, doc. no. A4-0005/99, 14 January 1999.
> 19. EU Lacks Jurisdiction to Trace Links Between Environment and Defense,
> European Report, 3 February 1999.
> ........ ......... ......... .........
>
> C Copyright by Michel Chossudovsky, Ottawa, November, 2000.
> All rights reserved. Permission is granted to post this text on
> non-commercial community internet sites, provided the essay remains intact
> and the copyright note is displayed. To publish this text in printed and/or
> other forms contact the author at [EMAIL PROTECTED], fax:
> 1-514-4256224.
>
> Michel Chossudovsky
> Department of Economics,
> University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N6N5
> <voice box: 1-613-562-5800, ext. 1415,
> Fax: 1-514-425-6224
> E-Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED];
> (Altern. E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED])
>
> **********
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