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Invisible Warfare
The Soviets have led the way in learning about the risks of electropollution,
At some UHF power densities there's an insidious moth-to-the flame
Allen Frey's discovery that certain pulsed microwave beams increased the
The calcium-outflow windows discovered by Ross Adey could be used to
In the early 1960s Frey found that when microwaves of 300 to 3,000 megahertz
In the 1960s Frey also reported that he could speed up, slow down, or stop
From The Body Electric, 1985 -
Reproduced for research purposes only.
and, as we have seen, they've apparently been the first to harness those
dangers for malicious intent. However, the spectrum of potential weapons
extends far beyond the limits of the Moscow signal, and Americans have been
actively exploring some of them for many years. Most or all of the following
EMR effects can be scaled up or down for use against individuals or whole
crowds and armies:
The crudest of these armaments would be a sort of electromagnetic
flamethrower with a greater range than chemical types. Dogs were cooked to
death in experiments at the Naval Medical Research Institute as long ago as
1955, and high-power transmitters using short UHF wavelengths can severely
burn exposed skin in seconds. Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a term
designating the immensely powerful, near-instantaneous surge of
electromagnetic energy produced by a nuclear explosion. It was first
discovered in the late 1960s. The EMP from one detonation a few thousand
miles above the earth would destroy all electrical systems throughout an
entire continent. In the early 1970s new types of EMR generators emitting
power levels ten or twenty times higher than ever before were developed in an
effort to simulate EMP and help devise communications systems shielded from
it. In 1973 these transmitters were described in an invitation-only seminar
at the Naval Weapons Laboratory in Dahlgren, Virginia, where their use for
antipersonnel and anti-ballistic-missle energy beams were discussed. No
information about their subsequent development has since been made public,
and the difficulties of long-range missle tracking argue that ABM beams
haven't yet become feasible, but there are no such difficulties in the way of
EMR beam weapons for use against unshielded people.
allurement, which would increase such a weapon's effectiveness. As discoverer
Sol Michaelson described it in 1958, each of the dogs used in his experiments
"began to struggle for release from the sling," showing "considerable
agitation and muscular activity," yet "for some reason the animal continues
to face the horn." Perhaps as part of the same effect, UHF beams can also
induce muscular weakness and lethargy. In Soviet experiments with rats in
1960, five minutes of exposure to 100,000 microwatts reduced swimming time in
an endurance test from sixty minutes to six.
permeability of the blood-brain barrier could be turned into a supplemental
weapon to enhance the effects of drugs, bacteria, or poisons.
interfere with the functioning of the entire brain.
were pulsed at specific rates, humans (even deaf people) could "hear" them.
The beam caused a booming, hissing, clicking, or buzzing, depending on the
exact frequency and pulse rate, and the sound seemed to come from just behind
the head. At first Frey was ridiculed for this announcement, just like many
radar technicians who'd been told they were crazy for hearing certain radar
beams. Later work has shown that the microwaves are sensed somewhere in the
temporal region just above and slightly in front of the ears. The phenomenon
apparently results from pressure waves set up in brain tissue, some of which
activate the sound receptors of the inner ear via bone conduction, while
others directly stimulate nerve cells inthe auditory pathways. Experiments on
rats have shown that a strong signal can generate a sound pressure of 120
decibels, or approximately the level near a jet engine at takeoff. Obviously
such a beam could cause humans severe pain and prevent all voice
communication. that the same effect can be used more subtly was demonstrated
in 1973 by Dr. Joseph C. Sharp of the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.
Sharp, serving as a test subject himself, heard and understood spoken words
delivered to him in an echo-free isolation chamber via a pulsed-microwave
audiogram (an analog of the word's sound vibrations) beamed into his brain.
Such a device has obvious applications in covert operations designed to drive
a target crazy with "voices" or deliver undetectable instructions to a
programmed assassin. There are also indications that other pulsed frequencies
cause similiar pressure waves in other tissues, which could disrupt various
metabolic processes. A group under R.G. Olsen and J.D. Grissett at the Naval
Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory in Pensacola has already demonstrated
such effects in simulated muscle tissue and has a continuing contract to find
beams effective against human tissues.
isolated frog hearts by synchronizing the pulse rate of a microwave beam with
the beat of the heart itself. Similiar results have been obtained using live
frogs, indicating that it's technically feasible to produce heart attacks
with a ray designed to penetrate the human chest.
In addition to the methods of damaging or killing people with EMR, there are
several ways of controlling their behavior. Ross Adey and his colleagues have
shown that microwaves modulated in various ways can force specific electrical
patterns upon parts of the brain. Working with cats they found that brain
waves appearing with conditioned responses could be selectively enhanced by
shaping the microwaves with a rhythmic variation in amplitude (height)
corresponding to EEG frequencies. For example, a 3-hertz modulation decreased
10-hertz alpha waves in one part of the animal's brain and reinforced
14-hertz beta waves in another location. Some radar can find a fly a
kilometer away or track a human at twenty-five miles, and several researchers
have suggested that focused EMR beams of such accuracy could bend the mind
much like electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) through wires. We know of
ESB's potential for mindcontrol largely through the work of Jos Delgado. One
signal provoked a cat to lick its fur, then continue compulsively licking the
floor and bars of its cage. A signal designed to stimulate a portion of a
monkey's thalamus, a major midbrain center for integrating muscle movements,
triggered a complex reaction: The monkey walked to one side of the cage, then
the other, then climbed to the rear ceiling, then back down. The animal
performed this same activity as many times as it was stimulated with the
signal, up to sixty times an hour, but not blindly - the creature still was
able to avoid obstacles and threats from the dominant male while carrying out
the electrical imperative. Another type of signal has made monkeys turn their
heads, or smile, no matter what else they were doing, up to twenty thousand
times in two weeks. As Delgado concluded, "The animals looked like electronic
toys." Even instincts and emotions can be changed: In one test a mother
giving continuous care toher baby suddenly pushed the infant away whenever
the signal was given. Approach-avoidance conditioning can be achieved for any
action simply by stimulating the pleasure and pain centers in an animal's or
person's limbic system. Eventual monitoring of evoked potentials from the
EEG, combined with radio-frequency and microwave broadcasts designed to
produce specific thoughts or moods, such as compliance and complacency,
promises a method of mind control that poses immense danger to all societies
- tyranny without terror. Scientists involved in EEG research all say the
ability is still years away, but for all we could _sense_ of it, it could be
happening right now. Conspiracy theories aside, the hypnotic familiarity of
TV and radio, combined with the biological effects of their broadcast beams,
may already constitute a similiar force for mass standardization, whether by
design or not. The potential dangers of televised lethargy are no yawning
matter. It's well known that relaxed attention to any mildly involving
stimulus, such as a movie or TV program, produces a hypnoid state, in which
the mind becomes especially receptive to suggestion. Other inducers of
hypmoid states include light sleep, daydreams, or short periods of time spent
waiting for some predetermined signal or action, such as a traffic light. The
Central Intelligence Agency funded research on electromagnetic mind control
at least as early as 1960, when the notorious MKULTRA program, mostly
concerned with hypnosis and psychedelic drugs, included money for adapting
bioelectric sensing methods(at that time primarily the EEG) to surveillance
and interrogation,as well as for finding "techniques of activation of the
human organism by remote electronic means." In testimony before the Senate
Sub-committee on Health and Scientific Research on September 21, 1977,
MKULTRA director Dr. Sydney Gottlieb recalled: "There was a running interest
in what effects people's standing in the field of radio energy have, and it
could easily have been that somewhere in the many projects someone was trying
to see if you could hypnotize somebody easier if he was standing in a radio
beam." Hypnotists often use a strobe light flashing at alpha-wave frequencies
to ease the glide into a trance. It seems forover thirty years the Communist
bloc nations have been using an ELF wave form to do the same thing
undetectably and perhaps more effectively. Ross Adey recently lost most of
his government grants and has become a bit more loquacious about the military
and intelligence uses of EMR. In 1983 he organized a public meeting at the
Loma Linda VA hospital and released photos and information concerning a
Russian Lida machine. This was a small transmitter that emitted 10-hertz
waves for tranquilization and enhancement of suggestibility. The most
interesting part was that the box had an ancient vacuum-tube design, and a
man who'd been a POW in Korea reported that similiar devices had been used
there during interrogation. American interest in the hypnosis-EMR interaction
was still strong as of 1974, when a research plan was filed to develop useful
techniques in human volunteers. The experimenter, J.F. Schapitz, stated: "In
this investigation it will be shown that the spoken word of the hypnotist may
also be conveyed by modulated electromagnetic energy directly into the
subconscious parts of the human brain--i.e., without employing any technical
devices for receiving or transcoding the messages and without the person
exposed to such influence having a chance to control the information input
consciously." As a preliminary test of the general concept, Schapitz proposed
recording the brain waves induced by specific drugs, then modulating them
onto a microwave beam and feeding them back into an undrugged person's brain
to see if the same state of consciousness could be produced by the beam
alone. Schapitz's main protocol consisted of four experiments. In the first,
subjects would be given a test of a hundred questions, ranging from easy to
technical, so they all would know some but not all of the answers. Later,
while in hypnoid states and not knowing they were being irradiated, these
people would be subjected to information beams suggesting answers for some of
hte items they'd left blank, amnesia for some of their correct answers, and
memory falsification for other correct answers. A new test would check the
results two weeks later. The second experiment was to be the implanting of
hypnotic suggestions for simple acts, like leaving the lab to buy some
particular item, which were to be triggered by a suggested time, spoken word,
or sight. Subjects were to be interviewed later. "It may be expected,:
Schapitz wrote, "that they rationalize their behavior and consider it to be
undertaken out of their own free will." In a third test the subjects were to
be given two personality tests. Then different responses to certain questions
would be repeatedly suggested, and nonpathological personality changes would
also be suggested, both to be evaluated by new testing in a month. In some
cases the subjects were to be prehypnotized into talking in their sleep, so
the microwave programmer could gear the commands to thoughts already in the
brain. Finally, attempts would be made to produce the standard tests of deep
hypnotic trance, such as muscular rigidity, by microwave beams alone.
Naturally, since this information was voluntarily released via the Freedom of
Information Act, it must be taken with a pillar of salt. The results haven't
been made public, so the work may have been inconclusive, and the plans may
have been released to convince the Soviets and our own public that American
mind-control capabilities are greater than they actually are. On the other
hand, the actualities may be so far ahead of this research plan that it was
tame enough to release in satisfying FOIA requirements. How many of the EMR
weapons possibilities have actually been developed and\or used? Those not
privy to classified information have no way of knowing. There are plenty of
rumors. Boris Spassky claimed he'd lost the world chess championship to Bobby
Fischer because he was being bombarded with confusion rays. I recall hearing
about one secret American experiment in which a sceintist was supposedly set
up with invitations to three conferences to give the same presentation each
time. The first one went fine, but at the last two he was irradiated with ELF
waves, reportedly to induce Adey's calcium efflux, and he became confused and
ineffective. Another FOIA release from the Defense Intelligence Agency in
1976 may be revealing. Prepared by Ronald L. Adams and E.A. Williams of
Battelle Columbus Laboratories, it'sentitled "Biological Effects of
Electromagnetic Radiation (Radiowaves and Microwaves), Eurasian Communist
Countries." the pages released merely recount Allen Frey's discoveries
without mentioning his name, implying instead that only the Reds would be so
dastardly as to investigate such things for use as weapons. Immediately after
mention of the blood-brain barrier leak phenomenon, a paragraph was deleted,
followed by the tantalizing sentence, "The above study is recommended reading
material for those consumers who have an interest in the application of
microwave energy to weapons." Even without this document, considering the
relentless pace of arms development, we would have to be very naive to assume
that the United States has no electromagnetic arsenal. The Soviets may
already be using theirs, however, on a scale far beyond that of the Moscow
Signal. During the U.S. bicentennial celebration of July 4, 1976, a new radio
signals was heard throughout the world. It has remained on the air more or
less continuously ever since. Varying up and down through the frequencies
between 3.26 and 17.54 megahertz, it is pulse-modulated at a rate of several
times a second, so it sounds like a buzz saw or woodpecker. It was soon
traced to an enormous transmitter near Kiev in the Soviet Ukraine. The signal
is so strong it drowns out anything else on its wavelength. When it first
appeared,the UN International Telecommunications Union protested because it
interfered with several communications channels, including the emergency
frequencies for aircraft on transoceanic flights. Now the woodpecker leaves
"holes"; it skips the crucial frequencies as it moves up and down the
spectrum. The signal is maintained at enormous expense from a current total
of seven nations, the seven most powerful radio transmitters in the world.
Within a year or two after the woodpecker began tapping, there were
persistent complaints of unaccountable symptoms from people in several cities
of the United States and Canada, primarily Eugene, Oregon. The sensations -
pressure and pain in the head, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, lack of
coordination, and numbness, accompanied by a high-pitched ringing in the ears
- were characteristic of strong radio-frequency or microwave irradiation. In
Oregon, between Eugene and Corvallis, a powerful radio signal centering on
4.75 megahertz was monitored, at higher levels in the air than on the ground.
Several unsatisfactory theories were advanced, including emanations from
winter-damaged power lines, but most engineers who studied the signal
concluded that it was a manifestation of the woodpecker. The idea was
advanced that it was being directed to Oregon by a Tesla magnifying
transmitter. This apparatus, devised by Nikola Tesla during his
turn-of-the-century experiments on wireless global power transmission at a
laboratory near Pikes Peak, hasn't been much studied in the West. It
reportedly enables atransmitter to beam a radio signal _through_ the earth to
any desired point on its surface, while maintaining or even increasing the
signal's power as it emerges. Paul Brodeur has suggested that, since the TRW
company once proposed a Navy ELF communications system using an existing
850-mile power line that ended in Oregon, the Eugene phenomenon might have
been the interaction between a Navy broadcast and Soviet jamming. Be that as
it may, the woodpecker continues in operation, and there are several
unsettling possibilities as to its main purpose. A former chief of naval
research has privately discounted the idea that it's directed against the
U.S.population. However, Robert Beck, a Los Angeles physicist who regularly
serves as a DOD consultant, toldme that the signal has a threefold purpose.
He said it acts as a crude over-the-horizon radar that would pick up a
massive first strike of U.S. missles if Soviet spy satellites and other
detectors were knocked out. Second, the signal's modulations are an ELF
medium for communicating with submarines underwater. Third, he claimed the
signal has a biological by-product about whichhe promised further
information. Of course, I haven't been able to contact him since. Several
educated guesses can be made, however. Adey's research suggests that the best
way to get an ELF signal into an animal is to make it a pulse modulation of a
high-frequency radio signal. That's exactly what the woodpecker is. Within
its frequency range, it could be beamed to any part ofthe world, and it would
be picked up and reradiated by the power supply grid at its destination.
Raymond Damadian has theorized that the woodpecker signal is designed to
induce nuclear magnetic resonance in human tissues. Damadian, a radiologist
at Brooklyn's Downstate Medical Center, patented the first NMR scanner, a
device that gives an image of internal organs similiar to CAT scanners but
using magnetic fields rather than nuclear radiation. As mentioned earlier in
this chapter, NMR could greatly magnify the metabolic interference of
electropollution or EMR weapons. Maria Reichmanis calculated the pulse
frequency that would be required to do this with a radio signal in the
woodpecker's range, and she came up with a band centered on the same old
alpha rhythm of 10 hertz. And in fact, the signal's pulse is genrally about
that rate, although it is often a two-part modulation of 4 + 6, 7 + 3, and so
on. The available evidence, then, suggests that the Russian woodpecker is a
multipurpose radiation that combines a submarine link with an experimental
attack on the American people. It may be intended to increase cancer rates,
interfere with decision-making ability, and/or sow confusion and irritation.
It may be succeeding. I keep hearing persistent rumors of American
transmitters set up to try to nullify the Russians' signal or to affect their
people in a similiar way. In 1978, Stefan Rednip, an American reporter living
in England, claimed access to purloined CIA documents proving the existence
of a program called Operation Pique, which included bouncing radio signals
off the ionosphere to affect the mental functions of peoplein selected areas,
including Eastern European nuclear installations. The whole business sounds
too much like an undeclared electrmagnetic war. however, there are persistent
complaints that the American effort is being hampered in a strange way.
Shortly after the rigged National Academy of Sciences report on Project
Seafarer, for example, the Navy sent a delegation to a meeting at the
National Security Agency to complain about an alleged "zap gap" between the
United States and the USSR, and to ask other delegates to push for more
research money for turning nonthermal EMR effects into weapons. According to
one of my Navy contacts, the NSA sent several "experts" who had never done
any research on EMR and who firmly advised the Navy to abandon its program.
Later he voiced the same suspicions I'd already heard from others: Given the
allegedly vigorous Soviet electroweapons research program and the
underfunding of ours, he concluded that there is a mole highly placed in the
American military science establishment, perhaps in the NSA itself, who is
preventing us from acquiring any clear competence in this field.
Unfortunately, my source, having served as a hatchet man for defunding
research on the environmental dangers of electropollution, isn't exactly
reliable. Complaints of a mole could easily be a blind for a large and
intense U.S. EMR weapons program. That there's more going on than meets the
eye is clear from my last communication with Dietrich Beischer. In 1977 the
Erie Magnetics COmpany of Buffalo, New York, sponsored a small private
conference, and Beischer and I both planned to attend. Just before the
meeting, I got acall from him. With no preamble or explanation, he blurted
out: "I'm at a pay phone. I can't talk long. They are watching me. I can't
come to the meeting or ever communicate with you again. I'm sorry. You've
been a good friend. Good-bye." Soon afterward I called his office at
Pensacola and was told, "I'm sorry, there is no one here by that name," just
as in the movies. A guy who had done important research there for decades
just disappeared. The crucial point to me is that both sides may be embarking
on hostilities whose consequences for the whole biosphere no one can yet
foresee. Even if the Soviets have begun an electrmagnetic war and we're
totally unprepared to fight back, I doubt that a simple buildup and
retaliation are the best course for our own survival. The extent of the
danger can be dramatized best by considering one last potential weapon.
Around 1900, Nikola Tesla theorized that ELF and VLF radiation could enter
the magnetosphere, the magnetic field in space around the earth, and change
its structure. He has recently been proven right. The magnetosphere and it
Van Allen belts of trapped particles produce many kinds of EMR. SInce they
were initially studied through audio amplifiers, the first kinds to be
discovered, around 1920, were given fanciful names like whistlers, dawn
chorus, and lion roars. Many of them result from VLF waves produced by
lightning, which bounce back and forth from pole to pole along "magnetic
ducts" in the magnetosphere. This resonance amplifies the original VLF waves
enormously. Satellite measurements have proven that artificial energies from
power lines are similarly amplified high above the earth, a phenomenon known
as power-line harmonic resonance (PLHR). Radio and microwave energy also
resonantes in the magnetosphere. This amplified energy interacts with the
particles in the Van Allen belts, producing heat, light, X-rays, and, most
important, a "fallout" of charged particles that serve as nuclei for
raindrops. Recent work with sounding rockets has matched specific areas of
such ion precipitation with the energy from specific radio stations, and
established that the sifting down of charged particles generally occurs east
of the EMR source, following the general eastward drift of weather patterns.
In 1983, measurements from the Ariel 3 and 4 weather satellites showed that
the enormous amount of PLHR over North America had created a permanent duct
from the magnetosphere down into the upper air, resulting in a continuous
release of ions and energy over the whole continent. In presenting this data
at the March 1983 Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility in Zurich, K.
Bullough reminded the audience that thunderstorms have been 25 percent more
frequent over North America between 1930 and 1975 than they were from 1900 to
1930, and suggested that the increased energy levels in the upper atmosphere
were responsible. Since the mid-1970s there has been a dramatic increase in
flooding, drought, and attendant hardships due to inconsistent, anomolous
weather patterns. It appears likely that these have been caused in part by
electropollution and perhaps enhanced, whether deliberately or not, by the
Soviet woodpecker signal. It now seems feasible to induce catastrophic
climate change over a target country, and even without such weather warfare,
continued expansion of the electrical power system threatens the viability of
all life on earth.
