-Caveat Lector-

Monday June 4 1:28 PM ET

Group Says Chicken, Eggs Contaminated with Drugs

LONDON (Reuters Health) - Government regulators have ''seriously
misled'' the public about the high incidence of dangerous antimicrobial
drug residues found in chicken and eggs, the Soil Association claimed
Monday.

The association, which promotes organic farming, said: ''Despite repeated
assertions by regulators that nearly all poultry products are free from
detectable residues, figures show clearly that about 20% of chicken meat
and 10% of the eggs tested contain residues of drugs deemed too
dangerous for use in human medicine.''

The claims are made by Richard Young and Alison Craig, authors of the
Soil Association report, ``Too Hard to Swallow, the truth about drugs and
poultry,'' which has been timed to coincide with a meeting of scientists in
Brussels on June 6 and 7 to re-evaluate the safety of these drugs.

The report challenges statements from the Veterinary Medicines
Directorate (VMD), a United Kingdom government group, that 99% of
poultry meat and 97% of eggs are free of detectable residues.

This reassurance is the result of statistical distortion, the report claims. It
notes, ``In fact, the results of positive tests for individual drugs are
expressed as a percentage of all tests undertaken for all substances, most
of which are never found.''

Of most concern, it states, are the drugs used to control tiny intestinal
parasites in poultry that can cause severe losses in intensive production
systems. These include nicarbazin, lasalocid and dimetridazole, all of
which pose ``potential risks to animal or human health.''

Young said in a news release, ``These antimicrobial drugs have never
been properly evaluated for safety, but there is evidence that they have the
ability to cause cancer, birth defects and heart attacks. Some residue
samples are more than 50 times over the legal limit, yet the VMD has
brought no prosecutions. We want to see their use stopped as quickly as
possible.''

In the case of nicarbazin, the report states the drug has never been carefully
evaluated for safety in humans but studies showed it could cause birth
defects and hormonal problems in animals.

In 1999, the last year for which full figures are available, 17.8% of chicken
livers tested had residues of nicarbazin in excess of the maximum residue
limit of 200 micrograms per kilogram, the highest being 10,500
micrograms per kilogram--over 50 times the legally permitted level.

Lasalocid was not licensed for laying hens and is toxic to the heart, the
report added. Yet in 1999, one in every dozen eggs tested contained
residues of lasalocid above the informal action level of 100 micrograms
per kilogram. The highest of these was 5,400 micrograms per kilogram.
Twelve percent of chicken muscle also tested positive.

Dimetridazole (DMZ) was suspected of being able to induce both cancer
and birth defects. It was licensed for turkeys and pheasants rather than
chicken or laying hens, yet in 1998, 2%, and in 1999, 0.5%, of eggs
contained residues of DMZ, the report said.

The Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food said in a statement, ``It is
important to stress there has been no attempt to mislead or misrepresent
any figures. All test results are fully reported every year and have been
since 1995.

``Every year the Veterinary Medicines Directorate takes about 37,000
samples to test for residues. It was encouraging that last year around
99.5% of all samples were residue free.

``The residues mentioned in the Soil Association report were all found at
levels well below World Health Organisation safety limits.''


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