-Caveat Lector- Oh June, you stupid moron - since when is "arab" a country?
His mother is English and father Jamaican? Ever hear of Arab Jews and Arab Jamaicans and Arab Americans, etc etc etc. June "Arab" is not a country - for instance this man maried an English "lady" using the worse loosely - and you charge he is Jamaican? Jamaican is a country of many different species, primarily black and white and asian which produce a Colin Powell - How stupid can you get June - "Arab" is not a county. To further enlighten your somewhat limited knowledge in this area - here is item re mixtures of Jamaicans. Note the arab influence - Syrian arabs. We have Saudi arabs, we have Palestinian arabs and Jewish arabs - we have American arabs and we have English American and Irish Americans - so what is an Arab June - get the message? Arab is not a country. That guy is of arabic descent and one can tell that form his face. He is not black, not white - he looks arab. He assumed arab names and took to Islam it is alleged in prison....get the picture June...duhhhhh, and oh how I detest this "duhhhh" stuff but when in Rome do as Romans. Read here June about "arab" Jamaicans? Now not Muslim Jamaicans June, Arab Jamaicans. The look at this man's face and see what he is because he has a nose like Jean Dixon, this so called psychic who said she was catholic and was not for she was a Gypsy Jew. By all means, a Gypsy. Read of term, since you like fairy tales (both figuratively and literally) see origin of story of little Black Sambo? Had this one black woman once lambast me and said why is it they call you caucaisian and me a negro. I declined comment on anything so stupid but isn't it the negroid race? They want black go to Ethiopians for more pure bred line of black unless they want to dwell with the zulus and ubangis who still slip kisses under a door. I am apalled at your ignorance June for there is no country by the name of "Arab",you old bat OSaba Pure Bred with Pedigree Poetry-Resume-Tupac-Crack-Jamaica-Links-Home The Jamaican People Jamaica, The Land We Love The People Contents Pre-emancipation Immigration Post-emancipation Immigration Out of Many, One People Pre-emancipation Immigration Two of the three groups of early settlers of Jamaica — Arawak and Spanish — left no mark on the ethnology of the island. Both are remembered only by a few words that have been absorbed into the language, by place names and by artifacts. The descendants of the third of these groups, however, have survived and have contributed to the tapestry of Jamaican history and culture. These, of course, are the black Africans who arrived in Jamaica with the Spanish and survived the English conquest as Maroons. >From 1655, when the English invaded, to 1807, hundreds of thousands of additional black Africans arrived along with a steady, though much smaller, flow of white immigrants from the British Isles. From these "founding races" came a third racial group, Afro-European people who were a product of the Jamaican custom of interracial sexual unions. By the early nineteenth century, Jamaicans were divided into three separate legal castes: free whites, coloured people with limited privileges, and Negro slaves. (note the negro slaves, June - not taken for Ethipians here) Coloured people could also be slaves — coloured people of mixed ancestry could be white by law only after four generations of mating with whites. In 1830 the separate legal caste of coloured people was eliminated when all free men were declared equal in civil and political rights regardless of racial origin. Two groups of whites not of British extraction also settled on the island in the early days. The most important of these were the Jews, mainly Sephardim, who came to Jamaica as early as the seventeenth century. The other were French Catholic Creoles from St. Dominque (Haiti), who came to Jamaica as refugees from the slave uprising at the end of the eighteenth century. Jews in Jamaica were given full civil and political liberty in 1830, long before Great Britain showed similar religious tolerance. And there was no legal discrimination against Catholics in Jamaica. Top of page Post-emancipation Immigration After emancipation of the slaves in 1838, the supply of plantation workers dropped significantly when former slaves deserted the plantations in large numbers. The landowners brought in hundreds of German, Scottish and Irish labourers. (Thousands of black Africans also immigrated at that time.) A separate group of Germans immigrated to Jamaica and settled on land provided by Lord Seaford. Their influence can still be seen at Seaford Town in Westmoreland parish. In other areas such as in St. Elizabeth parish, blue eyes and Caucasian features combined with coffee-coloured skins attest to their Scottish and Irish ancestry. East Indians began to arrive about 1838 to work as indentured servants. Chinese immigration began in 1860. Arab shopkeepers and peddlers also arrived in significant numbers. Jamaicans tend to call all Arabs "Syrians" even though most actually came from Lebanon. A trickle of immigrants from Britain continued into the twentieth century. These were mainly in the form of business managers, government officials and police officers. Many returned to Britain after completing their terms of duty, but some settled permanently on the island. Top of page Out of Many, One People According to the 1844 census, there were 293,128 black, 68,549 coloured and 15,776 white people living in Jamaica. In the 1990s, there are estimated to be about 4.5 million Jamaicans, 2.5 million of which live in Jamaica and about 2 million elsewhere, chiefly in England, United States and Canada. Recognizable by their names and accents, descendants of Jamaicans live in communities in Panama and Belize. And, of course, there are the descendants of the Maroons transported to Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone. All these people have roots on an island of about 4,400 sq. miles in size. >From Britain, Jamaica inherited a sound system of government and justice, Christianity, and in a lesser sense, forms of architecture. >From Africa came a tradition rich in folklore, music, magic and a strong belief in religion. The rest of Jamaica's rich and varied culture is all its own. Unique religions, music, foods and art forms have developed on the island and, in some cases, spread overseas to influence others cultures. Jamaicans have their own language, a dialect of English with African influences. Many Jamaican words passed from common usage in main-stream English over a hundred years ago. And because of the African origin of most Jamaicans, there is a widespread avoidance of constructions like th. Th at the beginning of a word is therefore substituted with a d. Thus the becomes de, them becomes dem, and that becomes dat. Th at the end of a word is simply reduced to t, so teeth becomes teet. Stress is placed differently than in main-stream English so mattress becomes "mat-rass." The pronoun, him, is a substitute for most other pronouns regardless of gender or case. Plurals are often expressed by adding "dem" (them) to the singular form, so two or more cars become "de car dem" which means "the cars." In recent years, Rastafarian influence has added the use of "I" (and the plural "I and I") to emphasize the importance of the individual. Words of African origin also pepper the language. Then, of course, there is the accent and rhythm of the language, probably a mixture of African forms and patterns of speech used in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in British seaports. Some hear echoes of Welsh. Others are too busy trying to figure out how the language could possibly be related to any form of English. A form of the Jamaican dialect is also spoken in Belize. In this the dawning of the twenty-first century, Jamaicans have many concerns about their future; however, these concerns should not be allowed to blind them to all they have accomplished. Theirs is a heritage of which they can be very proud. Top of page Coloured People The distinctions within the coloured caste in the early eighteenth century were: white with black produces mulatto; mulatto with white produces quadroon; quadroon with white produces mestee; mestee with white is legally white and free by law; mulatto with black produces sambo. Anansi Firmly rooted in Jamaican folklore are the stories of Anansi —half-man, half-spider. Originating on the west coast of Africa, Anansi has been part of Jamaican folklore for three hundred years. Depending on the tale at hand, Anansi can be the story teller, the hero or the villain. The stories are at times satirical and at times cynical; but at all times they are entertaining. Anansi is as wise as he is wily. His stories usually have a twist at the ending. No age group is too young or too old for an Anansi story. Jamaican Music Although many associate calypso with Jamaica, it was imported from Trinidad. The earliest Jamaican music is mento, which developed from the music and dance of the slaves. Mento remained popular until the 1940s, but in the fifties, popular music in Jamaica was usually of US origin. In the late 1950s Ska, another Jamaican musical innovation, emerged. Ska's popularity peaked in the mid-sixties, giving way to "Rock steady" — a slower tempo with emphasis on syncopation. By the late 1960s, yet another new Jamaican musical form had emerged — raggae, the most famous of the musical styles developed on the island. This was the music of Bob Marley and his Wailers. Raggae spans the globe and has influenced the music of internationally famous performers in the UK and the US. In the late eighties "Dancehall" became the new craze complete with its own fashions of elaborate hair styles and outlandish dress code. Obeah Obeah is the practice of magic with religious overtones. To the practitioner, it is a means of controlling the supernatural world. Illegal in Jamaica, techniques were passed down in secret from one generation to another. With obeah, duppies (ghosts) and other spirits can be made to act either in ones favour or against ones enemies, or to counteract spells placed by others. A skilled obeah man can hold a man's spirit in a half-world between life and death, making the victim a zombie. Once controlled, a zombie can be sent on errands, the objectives of which may be to do good or to do evil. Ras Tafari The Rastafarian religion is one of several Jamaican religions which developed from myal and/or Christian practices and beliefs. Some Jamaican religions have their origins in Animism. An early form was kumina which was practiced in conjunction with obeah. As Christian beliefs and symbols were incorporated, new cults evolved such as Pocomania. In the 1930s, Ras (Prince) Tafari Crown Prince of Ethiopia (Abyssinia) became a hero-Messiah to many black Jamaicans. And by the time he was crowned Emperor Haile Selassie, he was the central figure in a new Jamaican religion. At the core of the faith is the absolute belief in the divinity of Ras Tafari. A true Rastafarian desires nothing but the essentials of life, to stand proud, the right to wear his beard and to own and study his bible, especially the prophecies of the Old Testament. Rastafarians allow their hair to grow long and wear it in braids similar to Masai tribesmen. This practice also is rooted in the biblical story of the power of Samson's hair. Ganja (marijuana) is considered a sacramental herb and is smoked ritually in defiance of Jamaica law. The religion has spread to many other countries, chiefly among blacks, but with a growing minority of young whites. Email Staf4d Copyright © 1999 Staf4d. All rights reserved. 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