-Caveat Lector-
>From http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/people/bios/trump.html
}}}>Begin
Trumpeldor, Joseph (1880-1920)
Soldier and early pioneer-settler in Erez Israel whose life efforts to organize the
military defense of the Jewish settlements in Erez Israel and whose heroic death in a
battle at Tel Hai in the north of the country became an inspirational symbol to
pioneering youth from all parts of the Diaspora.
Born in a small town in the northern Caucasus, Trumpeldor was strongly influenced
in his youth by the model of collective communal life which he witnessed at a nearby
farming commune established by followers of the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. In
Trumpeldor's mind, the idea of collective living became merged with the Zionist ideal
of settling Erez Israel, and he dreamed of establishing agricultural communes in Erez
Israel which, if necessary, would be defended by armed force.
He was however, drafted into the Russian army and lost an arm while fighting in the
Russo- Japanese war. In 1912 he went to Erez Israel and worked for a while at
kevuzzat Deganyah, and participated in the defense of the Jewish settlements in the
lower Galilee. When World War I broke out, he was deported to Egypt after he
refused to join the Turkish army. In Alexandria, he called for the formation of a
legion
of volunteers drawn from the Erez Israel deportees to be at the disposal of the British
and help liberate the country from the Turks.
The British allowed the formation of a Jewish brigade (the "Zion Mule Corps") of
which Trumpeldor became the deputy commander and which participated in the
Gallipoli campaign of 1915. Between 1915 and 1919 Trumpeldor traveled widely,
spending much time in England and Russia, promoting the organization of Jewish
regiments to fight the Turks and Jewish self-defense units to protect the settlements
in Erez Israel.
In Russia, in particular, he was very active in the organization of the He-Halutz
movement whose aim was the training of young Jews for settling in Erez Israel.
In 1919 he returned to Erez Israel and in January 1920 was called to the northern
Galilee to help organize the defense of the settlements there which had come under
increasingly fierce Arab attack. On March 1 he was mortally wounded while
participating in the defense of the settlemenents at Tel Hai; his dying words were: Ein
davar, tov lamut be'ad arzenu ("Never mind; it is good to die for our country").
Trumpeldor was buried near Tel Hai, and in 1934 a memorial was erected at his
gravesite. Shortly after his death, a new settlement at the foot of Mount Gilboa was
named Tel Yosef in his honor, and songs, poems and stories were written about him
as a hero of the Jewish resettlement of Erez Israel. His lifestory served as an
inspirational model to both the pioneering socialist youth movements and the right-
wing youth groups. One of the largest and most successful of the latter was named
in his honor: Betar, an abbreviation of Berit Trumpeldor.
[Top] [People] [ Zionist Century] [Homepage]
The Pedagogic Center
Director: Dr. Motti Friedman
Entry taken from "Junior Judaica, Encyclopedia Judaica for Youth" CD-ROM
by C.D.I. Systems 1992 (LTD) and Keter.
End<{{{
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