-Caveat Lector-

http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,778733,00.html

The cost of Bush's war

Tony Blair must choose whether to represent his own people - or a US
Republican clique

Seumas Milne
Thursday August 22, 2002
The Guardian

Don't say they didn't warn us. Even as debate is raging on both sides of the
Atlantic over the threat of war against Iraq, US leaders have already
declared their hand. George Bush's defence secretary, Donald Rumsfeld, this
week announced that the US could not afford to wait for "additional"
evidence about Saddam Hussein's weapons programme before taking action. That
followed national security adviser Condoleezza Rice's insistence that "we
certainly do not have the luxury of doing nothing" about the "powerful moral
case" for regime change. And earlier this month Bush himself boasted he
would use all the tools at his disposal to topple this "threat to
civilisation", who was "thumbing his nose at the world". All three were in
conclave in Texas yesterday, as US military preparations mount in the Gulf,
bombing raids by British and US warplanes on southern Iraq intensify - there
were three in the past week, out of 28 so far this year - and war fever
pushed oil prices over $30 a barrel.

With the failure to capture Osama bin Laden or Mullah Omar, the overthrow of
Saddam has become the war on terror. And the US administration shows every
sign of pressing ahead in splendid isolation. Internationally, only Israel
appears to be committed to an attack, even if Tony Blair's loyalty is taken
for granted in the White House. But in the US itself, what is striking is
the narrowness of support for war on Iraq at the heart of the political
establishment. When Republican hard men such as Henry Kissinger, Brent
Scowcroft and the victor of the 1991 Gulf war, Stormin' Norman Schwarzkopf,
come out against Bush Jr's return match, the president might be thought to
be in some difficulty. Presumably the assumption is that, with polls
recording strong support among the US public, dissent will be duly stilled
when the call comes.

No such comfort is available in Britain, where opposition to a new assault
on Iraq has reached critical levels. Put on one side the legions of bishops,
retired generals, mandarins, Tory grandees, ex-ministers and trade unionists
lining up to denounce the prospect of war. Even someone like the former
Foreign Office minister Lord Chalfont, battle-hardened cold war warrior and
a hawk in every conflict for well on half a century, has balked at this one.
With the Tory hierarchy refusing to speak out, it has become increasingly
hard to find any mainstream figure prepared to put the case for the American
adventure. What supporters there are have floundered for lack of a coherent
and consistent argument. It hasn't helped that the usual guidance from
Washington has been so flakey and would-be cheerleaders have been left
begging Bush and Blair to make a proper case for their war.

First the pretext was Iraq's non-existent links with al-Qaida and September
11. Then it was the anthrax attacks in the US, which turned out to be a
domestic problem. Then it was the long-running dispute over Iraq's
drastically depleted chemical and biological weapons capacity and its
resistance to the return of UN weapons inspectors. But now that Saddam has
begun to signal a climbdown on inspectors (apparently going a good deal
further in private messages passed to the US administration via Jordan's
King Abdullah), they seem to be something of a side issue after all. As John
Bolton, the US undersecretary for arms control, blurted out, the "regime
change" policy "will not be altered, whether inspectors go in or not". And
according to General Wesley Clark, Nato's commander during the Kosovo war,
the Bush administration's hawks concede in private that Iraq is no threat to
the US. Meanwhile, it is increasingly widely acknowledged that the only
circumstances in which Saddam is now likely to pose a threat to his
neighbours is, ironically, if he faces a full-scale American invasion. The
implication of all this could not be clearer. The US is committed to
overthrowing the Iraqi regime, not because of terrorism or weapons of mass
destruction or brutal internal repression, but because it is an obstacle to
the imposition of a new pax Americana on the world's main oil-producing
region.

The last-ditch argument by the war party is that a US attack, expected to
produce further large-scale destruction and civilian casualties, would at
least give the Iraqi people what they want. No doubt many Iraqis
passionately hope for an end to the rule of Saddam Hussein. But testing
Iraqi opinion on the prospect of a new war, or anything else for that
matter, is impossible in current circumstances. What we do know is that the
Iraqi opposition itself has become increasingly polarised over the expected
US assault. Both main influential Islamist parties are opposed to a US
attack, as are the communists - the largest political force in Iraq before
Britain and the US helped Saddam's Ba'ath party to power in the 1960s. The
fact that even those who are directly funded by the CIA and Pentagon - the
Iraqi National Congress and Iraqi National Accord - feel obliged to adopt
various euphemisms and circumlocutions when expressing support for their
paymasters' plans, suggests that a foreign invasion may not be as popular on
the ground as some like to imagine. Given the horrific human toll exacted by
more than a decade of sanctions and bombing, that should hardly come as a
surprise.

Each war fought by the US and Britain since Saddam was expelled from Kuwait
11 years ago has crossed a new line, with a less secure legal and
international foundation than the one which preceded it. If Bush pursues his
war on Iraq, setting a disastrous global precedent for the principle of
unilateral pre-emptive attack, it is likely to prove a watershed not only in
the Middle East, but in the entire relationship between the US and the rest
of the world. Despite the unease in Washington, the likelihood must
nevertheless be that he will do so, with only the timing seriously in
question. The administration is now so publicly committed to the destruction
of the Iraqi regime that the political damage to Bush could be fatal if
Saddam Hussein were still waving his rifle from a Baghdad podium in 2004.

But war on Iraq is not written in the stars - and it is even less inevitable
that Britain will have to join it, as Tony Blair would doubtless want to do.
Of course, the government has yet to make a case for war and the battle for
public opinion will only begin in earnest when Bush decides to strike. If
and when that happens, expect a string of terrifying revelations of
previously unknown Iraqi weapons and real or imagined atrocity stories - of
the type peddled during the 1991 Gulf war and 1998 Desert Fox bombing
campaign - designed to win over the middle ground. But opponents of this war
have already stolen a march on the government and their aim will be to
achieve at least some British disengagement from a US attack, by sharply
raising the cost to Blair of defying domestic opinion. Maybe Bush and Blair
will get lucky. Perhaps the threat of invasion will trigger the coup that
Saddam's terror has always prevented. Maybe the regime will collapse in good
order, with barely a shot fired and general celebrations. But they won't be
counting on any of it. Sooner or later, Tony Blair is going to have to
decide whether he prefers to throw in his lot with a US Republican clique or
represent the interests and convictions of his own people.

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