I've managed to get a backtrace by breaking on "exit".  I also had to recompile 
Emacs with debugging symbols in order to get full debugging information 
(installing emacs-debuginfo was not enough).

Here's how I configured Emacs:  ./configure CFLAGS='-O0 -ggdb3 -rdynamic' 
--prefix=/usr/local/apps/emacs --with-x-toolkit=no --with-xpm=ifavailable 
--with-jpeg=ifavailable --with-gif=ifavailable --with-tiff=ifavailable 
--with-gnutls=ifavailable

Here is the backtrace:

%  gdb /usr/local/apps/emacs-27.1/bin/emacs-27.1.exe
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Reading symbols from /usr/local/apps/emacs-27.1/bin/emacs-27.1.exe...
(gdb) b exit
Breakpoint 1 at 0x10081c950
(gdb) run -Q --daemon
Starting program: /usr/local/apps/emacs-27.1/bin/emacs-27.1.exe -Q --daemon
[New Thread 3220.0x16ec]
warning: Application 
"\??\C:\cygwin64\usr\local\apps\emacs-27.1\bin\emacs-27.1.exe" found in cache
[New Thread 3220.0x16b0]
emacs: Invalid function: make-local-variable
Error: server did not start correctly

Thread 1 "emacs-27.1" hit Breakpoint 1, exit (code=1) at 
/usr/src/debug/cygwin-3.1.7-1/newlib/libc/stdlib/exit.c:54
54      {
(gdb) set print pretty
(gdb) bt full
#0  exit (code=1) at /usr/src/debug/cygwin-3.1.7-1/newlib/libc/stdlib/exit.c:54
No locals.
#1  0x00000001800496e3 in cygwin_exit (n=1) at 
/usr/src/debug/cygwin-3.1.7-1/winsup/cygwin/dcrt0.cc:1282
No locals.
#2  0x000000018013e96b in _sigfe () at sigfe.s:35
No locals.
#3  0x00000001005a8090 in main (argc=3, argv=0xffffcc30) at emacs.c:1444
        retval = 0
        buf = ""
        f = 50925
        stack_bottom_variable = 0x0
        do_initial_setlocale = true
        no_loadup = false
        junk = 0x0
        dname_arg = 0x0
        ch_to_dir = 0x0
        original_pwd = 0x0
        dump_mode = 0x0
        skip_args = 1
        temacs = 0x0
        attempt_load_pdump = true
        sockfd = -1
        module_assertions = false


On Wed, Oct 28, 2020, at 5:39 PM, Ken Brown wrote:
> On 10/28/2020 5:09 PM, noosphere--- via Cygwin wrote:
> > When trying to start emacs with "emacs --daemon" (with or without the
> >   -Q option, I immediately get an error:
> > 
> >    emacs: Invalid function: make-local-variable
> >    Error: server did not start correctly
> 
> Thanks for the report.  I can reproduce the problem with emacs-nox and emacs 
> -X11 (but not with emacs-w32).  I'll look into it.
> 
> [...]
> 
> > %  gdb /usr/bin/emacs-nox.exe
> > GNU gdb (GDB) (Cygwin 8.3.1-1) 8.3.1
> 
> [...]
> 
> > Reading symbols from /usr/bin/emacs-nox.exe...
> > (No debugging symbols found in /usr/bin/emacs-nox.exe)
> 
> This probably means that you didn't install emacs-debuginfo.
> 
> Ken
>
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