> https://share.google/aimode/xdxQ2b0CPcLl9B7Q3
https://share.google/aimode/ApJ9gzh5qx94AynK1 the book you linked doesn’t describe na and sbp, it’s more advanced I think. what will explain terms I might find reading papers about microscopic tomography and stuff? 9 minutes ago Yes, you are correct that the MIT book can be advanced for foundational concepts. For a beginner trying to understand computational imaging papers, especially in microscopy, a better approach is to first build a solid foundation in Fourier Optics. Many advanced techniques rely on interpreting the image formation process in the spatial frequency domain (the Fourier domain) . Here are terms you will encounter when reading about microscopic tomography, Fourier ptychography, and other advanced techniques, along with accessible resources to understand them. Key concepts for computational microscopy papers 1. Fourier Optics This is the foundational concept that treats image formation as a filtering process in the frequency domain. It explains how a lens and its aperture manipulate the light waves to form an image. - *Back Focal Plane (BFP):* The BFP is the Fourier plane of the microscope's objective lens. The light from an object is transformed into its spatial frequency components here. Low-frequency light (broad features) appears near the center, while high-frequency light (fine details) appears further out. - *Abbe's Theorem:* This theorem states that the resolution of a microscope is fundamentally limited by the highest spatial frequency information that the objective lens can collect. This is directly tied to the numerical aperture (NA). - *Fourier Ptychography:* This advanced technique builds on Fourier optics. It takes multiple low-resolution images of a sample, each with a different illumination angle, which "shifts" the spatial frequency information in the BFP. By computationally combining these images, the algorithm synthesizes a high-resolution, high-SBP image. - *Resource:* The classic textbook *Introduction to Fourier Optics* by Joseph W. Goodman is highly regarded and known for its clear explanations. 2. Holography and Digital Holography These techniques record both the amplitude (brightness) and phase (optical thickness) of light waves, enabling 3D imaging. - *Hologram:* An interference pattern created by combining light scattered by a sample (the object beam) with a coherent reference beam. It encodes both the intensity and phase information. - *Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI):* A technique, often based on digital holography, that recovers the phase information of light. This is invaluable for imaging transparent biological cells without needing to stain them, as the phase data reveals internal structures. - *Resource:* For a solid introduction, search for online video lectures on digital holography or quantitative phase imaging from research groups specializing in biomedical optics. 3. Ptychography A powerful phase-retrieval technique used in coherent diffractive imaging. - *Phase Retrieval:* The process of reconstructing an object's image from only intensity measurements (the recorded diffraction patterns). - *Overlapping Illumination:* Ptychography works by scanning a sample through a series of overlapping illumination spots. The redundant information from these overlaps provides the mathematical constraints needed for the algorithm to recover the lost phase information and produce a high-resolution, aberration-free image. - *Resource:* For an intuitive overview, the Argonne National Laboratory's article ["Difficult To Pronounce, But Easy to Use for Beautiful Images"] is an excellent starting point. 4. Synthetic Aperture Microscopy (SAM) This method increases the effective numerical aperture (NA) of a system computationally rather than optically, by synthesizing a larger aperture from multiple measurements. - *How it works:* By illuminating the sample from many different angles (similar to Fourier ptychography) and capturing the resulting images, the system gathers high-frequency information that would normally be blocked by the objective lens's limited physical aperture. The algorithms then "stitch" this information together in Fourier space. - *Benefit:* Enables wide field-of-view, high-resolution imaging without a large, expensive, and aberration-prone objective lens. - *Resource:* The Caltech news article on Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM), a form of SAM, provides a clear, high-level explanation. Suggested path for a beginner 1. *Start with Fourier Optics:* Use Joseph Goodman's book or online lectures to understand the foundational principle of how lenses act as frequency filters. This is the bedrock of advanced techniques. 2. *Explore Computational Microscopy Techniques:* Read the Wikipedia page and articles from research labs like Caltech and UCLA (search for *computational microscopy*). These resources offer excellent high-level summaries of different techniques and their advantages. 3. *Dig into a Specific Technique:* Once you have a high-level understanding, pick a technique like Fourier ptychography or digital holography. Search for "tutorial," "introduction to," or "how does it work" alongside the term. This will lead to introductory resources that explain the specific jargon and workflow. 4. *Reference a Glossary:* When reading papers, keep a glossary of microscopy terms handy, such as the one from Oxford Instruments.
