This problem is caused by: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=862360
How I discovered this, would be a long story. The effect of the LLVM bug is to OR the register field of a "movz xD, #IMM, lsl #48" with bits 43-47 of an address. With some kernels those bits are always zero, so no harm is done. If you can build julia, which is just a matter of using an appropriate system, then you might as well ship it. It will be useful for some people even if the LLVM bug does not get fixed. There is probably no need to rebuild julia when the LLVM bug has been fixed, but you should probably check that with someone who properly understands how julia works.