Package: grub2-common
Version: 2.04-9
Followup-For: Bug #945404
The reason is lack of LUKS2 support. Specifically, in
grub-core/osdep/devmapper/getroot.c, grub_util_get_dm_abstraction() has:
if (strncmp (uuid, "CRYPT-LUKS1-", 12) == 0)
{
grub_free (uuid);
return GRUB_DEV_ABSTRACTION_LUKS;
}
That will not match LUKS2-encrypted volumes, so grub-probe thinks the
filesystem will be readable.
Although grub upstream has some LUKS2 support now (see
https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?55093), that does not seem to cover this
part of the code yet.