This issue also makes it impossible to install Lazarus on Ubuntu (24.04) using App Center - the Install button is missing.
I think that the best solution to the icon problem would be to skip the dot in the version suffix (so it would be lazarus-30) if possible. The version suffix seems to be added from the ${DEB_UPSTREAM_MAIN_VERSION} variable. Maybe something like sed could be used to strip the dot from this variable and save the result into a new one intended for desktop/icon files?