As far as I can see, what's happening here is some kind of mess
with openbios-sparc32 image.  With stock one from sqeeuze:

$ qemu-system-sparc -hda hda.img -cdrom debian-40r3-sparc-netinst.iso -boot d 
-nographic -bios /usr/share/openbios/openbios-sparc32
Configuration device id QEMU version 1 machine id 32
UUID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
CPUs: 1 x FMI,MB86904
Welcome to OpenBIOS v1.0 built on Feb 27 2010 22:57
  Type 'help' for detailed information

[sparc] Booting file 'cdrom' with parameters ''
Trying cdrom (/iommu/sbus/espdma/esp/sd@2,0)
Not a bootable ELF image
Not a Linux kernel image
Loading a.out image...
Loaded 7680 bytes
entry point is 0x4000
Jumping to entry point...
Unhandled Exception 0x00000007
PC = 0x00004064 NPC = 0x00004068
Stopping execution
$
BTW, without -nographic it just sits in there after "Jumping to entry point";
-nographic makes what's happening much more obvious.  Note that it claims to
be built from svn r640.  OK, with the image in qemu commit
ee4660f9258dedfcb275a0fbed6c795f470a0caf
Author: Blue Swirl <blauwir...@gmail.com>
Date:   Sun Dec 6 09:25:06 2009 +0000

    Update OpenBIOS images to r640

we get something different:
$ qemu-system-sparc -hda hda.img -cdrom debian-40r3-sparc-netit d -nographic 
-bios qemu.git/pc-bios/openbios-sparc32
Configuration device id QEMU version 1 machine id 32
UUID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
CPUs: 1 x FMI,MB86904
Welcome to OpenBIOS v1.0 built on Dec 6 2009 09:20
  Type 'help' for detailed information

[sparc] Booting file 'cdrom' with parameters ''
Trying cdrom (/iommu/sbus/espdma/esp/sd@2,0)
Not a bootable ELF image
Not a Linux kernel image
Loading a.out image...
Loaded 7680 bytes
entry point is 0x4000
Jumping to entry point...
SILO Version 1.4.13
\

                  Welcome to Debian GNU/Linux etch!
[....]
and we get working installer.  Note that this is the stock qemu-system-sparc
binary; not one built from qemu git.  This commit sits on the master branch
(== trunk, for cvs/svn sufferers).  Branch to 0.12.5 also contains a similar
commit:
commit ea6112b1659ea0f0879302288496c4e0dea6f723
Author: Aurelien Jarno <aurel...@aurel32.net>
Date:   Sun Dec 6 12:12:56 2009 +0100

    Update OpenBIOS images to r640

and with that we get
$ qemu-system-sparc -hda hda.img -cdrom debian-40r3-sparc-netit d -nographic 
-bios qemu.git/pc-bios/openbios-sparc32
Configuration device id QEMU version 1 machine id 32
UUID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
CPUs: 1 x FMI,MB86904
Welcome to OpenBIOS v1.0 built on Dec 6 2009 11:03
  Type 'help' for detailed information

[sparc] Booting file 'cdrom' with parameters ''
Trying cdrom (/iommu/sbus/espdma/esp/sd@2,0)
Not a bootable ELF image
Not a Linux kernel image
Loading a.out image...
Loaded 7680 bytes
entry point is 0x4000
Jumping to entry point...
Unhandled Exception 0x00000007
PC = 0x00004064 NPC = 0x00004068
Stopping execution

IOW, the same breakage.  Despite the similar commit messages the latter
has different images in it.

Summary: some r640 openbios-sparc32 images barf, including one in
openbios-sparc package and one included into qemu git repository on
0.12 branch.  One on qemu.git master (and, presumably, later side branches)
appears to be OK.  For qemu-system-sparc on squeeze that's irrelevant,
though - what matters is /usr/share/openbios/openbios-sparc32 contents,
which comes from openbios-sparc instead of qemu; qemu-system puts a
symlink to it into /usr/share/qemu/openbios-sparc32 and that's where
it gets picked from.



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