Dear Aurelien, I used LD_PRELOAD=libc_malloc_debug.so for MALLOC_CHECK_. With those extra checks (tried all values of MALLOC_CHECK_ from 0 to 20), glibc did not show any errors, suggesting that the bug is not in inetd.
The original poster said his issue shows on some hardware only. I observed my issue on a wider range of CPUs: present on Xeon4309Y, Xeon6326 and i7-8700, but not on i7-4790, i5-4570, i5-3470, N5105 or x5-Z8350. Maybe the difference is in the RAM of the machine? Those with my issue have 16GB or more, those without have 8GB or less. Cheers, Paul