I can report the exact same problem with USB Audio interface Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen (1235:8214), so it could be a generic regression for many USB class compliant audio devices.
Booting linux-image-6.12.115+deb13.1-amd64, all the hardware is detected as it should and there aren't any configuration differences. But there is no sound output at all. Booting using linux-image-6.12.113+deb13-amd64 again brings everything back to normal.
