Joe wrote: > On Mon, 10 Sep 2018 22:54:26 +0200
> > OK, aplay -l as root sees my USB device as card 1. why as root - are you in the audio group? $ grep audio /etc/group audio:x:29:abcdef,pulse,timidity > > I have various sound modules loaded, including snd, soundcore and > snd_usb_audio. I assume from this that my device driver has been found. > > Speaker-test is unable to find any sound cards. what is the sound card, mainboard etc.? For example here I have intel HD based card on the board and a web cam attached (the usb) and HDMI display link. You can ignore the midi. So good modules loaded look like this $ lsmod | grep snd snd_usb_audio 184320 2 snd_usbmidi_lib 28672 1 snd_usb_audio snd_rawmidi 32768 1 snd_usbmidi_lib snd_seq_device 16384 1 snd_rawmidi snd_hda_codec_hdmi 57344 1 snd_hda_codec_conexant 20480 1 snd_hda_codec_generic 77824 1 snd_hda_codec_conexant snd_hda_intel 32768 4 snd_hda_codec 118784 4 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_conexant,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 16384 2 snd_usb_audio,snd_hda_codec snd_hda_core 65536 5 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_conexant,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 102400 5 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_usb_audio,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core snd_timer 32768 1 snd_pcm snd 81920 24 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_conexant,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_intel,snd_usb_audio,snd_usbmidi_lib,snd_hda_codec,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi soundcore 16384 1 snd usbcore 221184 10 xhci_hcd,ehci_pci,snd_usb_audio,usbhid,snd_usbmidi_lib,uvcvideo,ehci_hcd,btusb,xhci_pci,uhci_hcd