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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-3926?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:all-tabpanel
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Mike Matrigali updated DERBY-3926:
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My take on the most recent queryplan that you posted is that it does need a 
sort node as the outermost node
is a tablescan, not an ordered index scan.  Having said that it seems likely 
that somehow your change incorrectly
eliminated a sort avoidance path, and then that plan was costed differently and 
not chosen.  To be sure you could
take the problem wisconsin query, force the old join order/index choice using 
hints and then see if your new code
chooses sort avoidance.

It seems to me the code you want to change is the path in current code where it 
has just chosen to add a node
to the query ordering vector (not look at the ordering vector after the fact).  
At the point the code is about to add
a node, then you want to do the checks you have in your patch.

> Incorrect ORDER BY caused by index
> ----------------------------------
>
>                 Key: DERBY-3926
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-3926
>             Project: Derby
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: SQL
>    Affects Versions: 10.1.3.3, 10.2.3.0, 10.3.3.1, 10.4.2.0
>            Reporter: Tars Joris
>            Assignee: Mamta A. Satoor
>         Attachments: d3926_repro.sql, derby-reproduce.zip, 
> DERBY3926_notforcheckin_patch1_051109_diff.txt, 
> DERBY3926_notforcheckin_patch1_051109_stat.txt, 
> DERBY3926_notforcheckin_patch2_051109_diff.txt, script3.sql, 
> script3WithUserFriendlyIndexNames.sql, test-script.zip
>
>
> I think I found a bug in Derby that is triggered by an index on a large 
> column: VARCHAR(1024). I know it  is generally not a good idea to have an 
> index on such a large column.
> I have a table (table2) with a column "value", my query orders on this column 
> but the result is not sorted. It is sorted if I remove the index on that 
> column.
> The output of the attached script is as follows (results should be ordered on 
> the middle column):
> ID                  |VALUE        |VALUE
> ----------------------------------------------
> 2147483653          |000002       |21857
> 2147483654          |000003       |21857
> 4294967297          |000001       |21857
> While I would expect:
> ID                  |VALUE        |VALUE
> ----------------------------------------------
> 4294967297          |000001       |21857
> 2147483653          |000002       |21857
> 2147483654          |000003       |21857
> This is the definition:
> CREATE TABLE table1 (id BIGINT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id));
> CREATE INDEX key1 ON table1(id);
> CREATE TABLE table2 (id BIGINT NOT NULL, name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, value 
> VARCHAR(1024), PRIMARY KEY(id, name));
> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX key2 ON table2(id, name);
> CREATE INDEX key3 ON table2(value);
> This is the query:
> SELECT table1.id, m0.value, m1.value
> FROM table1, table2 m0, table2 m1
> WHERE table1.id=m0.id
> AND m0.name='PageSequenceId'
> AND table1.id=m1.id
> AND m1.name='PostComponentId'
> AND m1.value='21857'
> ORDER BY m0.value;
> The bug can be reproduced by just executing the attached script with the 
> ij-tool.
> Note that the result of the query becomes correct when enough data is 
> changed. This prevented me from creating a smaller example.
> See the attached file "derby-reproduce.zip" for sysinfo, derby.log and 
> script.sql.
> Michael Segel pointed out:
> "It looks like its hitting the index ordering on id,name from table 2 and is 
> ignoring the order by clause."

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