I can use one machine to start an X11 forwarded client on another. I did
this to start gnome-terminal on a Ubuntu Server 16.04 from a Kubuntu
16.04 desktop by using

  ssh -Y -f 192.168.0.89 gnome-terminal

This works. Then I look at that gnome-terminal's environment and DISPLAY
and SSH_CLIENT variables are properly set:

  DISPLAY=localhost:10.0
  SSH_CLIENT=192.168.0.215 38634 22

Then I look for listeners on TCP port #6010 as is implied by the above
DISPLAY envar:

  $ netstat -anl4
  Active Internet connections (servers and established)
  Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State     
 
  tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN    
 
  tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN    
 
  tcp        0      0 192.168.0.84:22         192.168.0.215:38542     
ESTABLISHED
  tcp        0      0 192.168.0.84:22         192.168.0.215:36110     
ESTABLISHED
  udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68              0.0.0.0:*                         
 

No such listener. I did this same sort of ssh connection from my desktop
Kubuntu to a Raspberry Pi running Raspbian and the rpi has a listener as
I would expect it to.

I believe this lack of a listener for the ssh on the remote machine to
allow X11 clients to connect back to the server through "screen :10" is
what is missing.

In in /etc/ssh/sshd_config on the target Ubuntu 16.04 server machine I
have this for X11 forwarding configuration:

  $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep -i x11
  X11Forwarding yes
  X11DisplayOffset 10

I have always been able to get this to work with previous Ubuntu
releases (14.04, the 15.x series, etc.). This is something specific to
changes in Xenial. It looks like the release notes
(https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/+source/openssh/+changelog) include
some changes for this area of ssh. Maybe the fix for this
(http://www.openssh.com/txt/x11fwd.adv) partially borked ssh's X11
forwarding mechanism?

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1573300

Title:
  ssh -X X11 forwarding doesn't work

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