I think this is an accurate summary of the discussion on IRC:

1. There should be a run-time prompt the first time an app tries to use
the microphone, just as there is for other sensitive properties. In
future there should be a similar prompt for the camera (bug 1230366).

2. In addition, there should be a reminder whenever a background app is
using the mic, e.g. a Voip client when you've switched to your calendar
to discuss an event, so that you don't forget the mic is live. Again,
the same is true for the camera. (Trusted screencast utilities might be
granted exceptions.)

3. Because both of these apply to just as much to the camera as the mic,
and they will often happen together, they should share UI. In the prompt
case, that means the prompts for both should be aggregated. In the
reminder case, it means the sound indicator isn't an appropriate home
for it.

4. Much the same issue is already faced by the phone app: when you
switch to another app during a call, you need both a reminder that
you're on a call, and a way of switching back to it. Other apps using
the mic (and/or camera) should use the same UI mechanism as the phone
app does, not least because they will often be Voip clients doing the
same job as the phone app. Unfortunately the design for that reminder is
not yet finalized. The current draft is a temporary separate indicator.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1224756

Title:
  pulseaudio should integrate with trust-store

Status in “pulseaudio” package in Ubuntu:
  Invalid
Status in “pulseaudio” source package in Saucy:
  Won't Fix
Status in “pulseaudio” source package in t-series:
  New

Bug description:
  Currently the 'audio' policy group allows access to pulseaudio which
  allows apps to use the microphone and eavesdrop on the user.
  Pulseaudio needs to be modified to use trust-store, like location-
  service does. Integrating with trust-store means that when an app
  tries use the microphone via pulseaudio, pulseaudio will contact
  trust-store, the trust-store will prompt the user ("Foo wants to use
  the microphone. Is this ok? Yes|No"), optionally cache the result and
  return the result to pulseaudio. In this manner the user is given a
  contextual prompt at the time of access by the app. Using caching this
  decision can be remembered the next time. If caching is used, there
  should be a method to change the decision in settings.

  Targeting to T-Series for now, since the trust-store is not in a
  reusable form yet.

  Original description:
  David and the security team (inspired by an observation from Rick) discussed 
that when recording, pulseaudio should somehow unobtrusively show the user that 
it is recording. The easiest thing to do would be for pulseaudio to alert 
indicator-sound which would then turn its icon red (similar to 
indicator-message turning blue with new messages). Marking 'high' because apps 
with access to pulseaudio can currently eavedrop on users. If the app is 
allowed to do networking (the default for apps), then it can ship that 
information off to a server somewhere.

  Note 1, the alert to indicator-sound must happen via the out of
  process pulseaudio server and not the confined app itself to be
  effective.

  Note 2, we should consider how to enforce this for foreground apps
  only. Application lifecycle should probably handle this for 13.10
  (apps are suspended if not in foreground or if the screensaver is on),
  but we don't want an app on the converged device to record in the
  background when the user isn't paying attention. Example eavesdropping
  attack: start recording only when the screensaver is on (perhaps
  inhibiting the screensaver during recording would be enough).

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