It seems likely that Ubuntu will have to support/ship both PCRE and
PCRE2 before long. At least some other distros (Fedora, Gentoo, Debian)
appear to be doing that already.

As mentioned above, for packaging purposes PCRE2 is effectively a new
project, *not* a new version of the previous PCRE. The APIs are
completely incompatible, and the previous PCRE is still getting bugfixes
and seems to be supported/recommended for existing projects that already
use it. There are a number of largish projects that don't support PCRE2
and presumably won't anytime soon (e.g.
https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=57471).

So it seems unlikely that the whole package ecosystem will ever
simultaneously support a single incarnation of PCRE, allowing Ubuntu to
ship only that one. Already some packages don't support the old
incarnation, and as mentioned above, it's likely that some will never
support the new incarnation.

** Bug watch added: bz.apache.org/bugzilla/ #57471
   https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=57471

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You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to gnome-terminal in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1636666

Title:
  [MIR] pcre2

Status in gnome-terminal package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed
Status in pcre2 package in Ubuntu:
  Incomplete
Status in vte2.91 package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  Availability
  ============
  Synced with Debian. Built for all supported architectures.

  Rationale
  =========
  Required by gnome-terminal 3.22+ and vte2.91 0.46+

  Security
  ========
  At least one open security issue, affecting Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
  https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/pkg/pcre2.html
  https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/source-package/pcre2
  https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvekey.cgi?keyword=pcre

  Quality assurance
  =================
  - Please subscribe Ubuntu Desktop Bugs or Ubuntu Foundation Bugs (like pcre3) 
to this package.
  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pcre2
  https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?src=pcre2

  Upstream tests are run during the build but there is no autopkgtest

  Does not have 3.0 (quilt) set

  Dependencies
  ============
  Only build-dependencies are dpkg and debhelper. No other added dependencies.

  Standards compliance
  ====================
  3.9.6

  Maintenance
  ===========
  - Actively developed upstream
  http://pcre.org/

  Background information
  ======================
  As the package description states, the older version of this library is 
confusingly named pcre3 in Debian/Ubuntu. pcre3 is already in Ubuntu main.

  Other Info
  ==========
  In the original release of pcre2 in Jan 2015, the author says this is not 
just a drastic update to the original pcre but a "new project". He felt free to 
change names and options.
  https://lists.exim.org/lurker/message/20150105.162835.0666407a.en.html

  pcre3 has gotten some bugfix releases since then (from 8.36 to 8.40
  released Jan 2017)

  Some discussion of how it's different:
  http://www.regular-expressions.info/pcre2.html

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