Due to a lack of failures it has been a while since I last wrote, but I
think I may have found a possible cause of the problem.  Confirmation
from other sources would be necessary, of course.

For the previous participants, and anyone else who lands here, I think
that the failure may go like this:-

- a network problem prevents reception of a D.H.C.P. lease offer from the server
- NetworkManager starts a new D.H.C.P. client thread, but the old thread is 
still active and the lease has not expired
- these two steps may be repeated several times, starting several D.H.C.P. 
threads, with identical or different addresses, possibly receiving and 
transmitting traffic
- some time (possibly hours) later, another instance of the client has leased 
the address, the original client's lease expires
- avahi surrenders the address; the host has lost its network connection

In my case, some months earlier, it became apparent that the D.H.C.P.
server was connected to a network switch port that was occasionally
dropping packets - hence errors were reported for the server's and
client's network adaptors.  The packet retry count and network load
increased.  I changed the physical network arrangement and there were no
more failures - until I switched off the server for maintenance.

Here is a test which might support this theory.  Note that the server
was not available between 05:38 and 07:17 on 2018-01-24.  The client's
network connection was not lost until 2018-01-30.

[LinuxMint] graham@yoyo $ ps -ef | grep -v "grep" | grep -e "PID" -e "dhc"
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      2444     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      3327     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      4550     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      5070     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      6094     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      6616     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      7605     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      8179     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      9152     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root      9442     1  0 Jan24 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -v eth0
root     21279 11291  0 03:26 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -d -q -sf 
/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper -pf /var/run/dhclient-eth0.pid -lf 
/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-3339a4b3-ef0a-3db1-acf1-9b810d040dfe-eth0.lease
 -cf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eth0.conf eth0
Tue Jan 30 08:38:33 ~

The start times of those dhclient instances were:- 05:50 05:55 06:05
06:11 06:21 06:27 06:37 06:43 06:53 06:59.

The log server had many instances of exchanges between kevin the server and 
yoyo the client like this:-
2018-01-30T07:25:11+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.42.187 
from 00:25:64:72:72:14 via enp0s19
2018-01-30T07:25:11+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: DHCPACK on 192.168.42.187 to 
00:25:64:72:72:14 via enp0s19
2018-01-30T07:25:17+00:00 yoyo dhclient[2444]: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.42.161 on 
eth0 to 192.168.42.129 port 67 (xid=0x182b3059)
2018-01-30T07:25:17+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: reuse_lease: lease age 306 (secs) 
under 25% threshold, reply with unaltered, existing lease for 192.168.42.161
2018-01-30T07:25:17+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.42.161 
from 00:25:64:72:72:14 via enp0s19
2018-01-30T07:25:17+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: DHCPACK on 192.168.42.161 to 
00:25:64:72:72:14 via enp0s19
2018-01-30T07:25:18+00:00 yoyo dhclient[8179]: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.42.162 on 
eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x537943a)
2018-01-30T07:25:18+00:00 kevin dhcpd[3612]: reuse_lease: lease age 4397 (secs) 
under 25% threshold, reply with unaltered, existing lease for 192.168.42.162

I have tried to be brief in this report, but I can provide more
information if anyone wants it.

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You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to network-manager in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1586528

Title:
  Avahi-daemon withdraws address record

Status in avahi package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed
Status in network-manager package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  For some reason, if I leave my Ubuntu VM up for a prolonged period of
  time the machine will lose connection to the network.  ip addr shows
  that the nic port no longer has an address and an examination of the
  syslog shows this:

  May 27 14:19:38 matt-VirtualBox avahi-daemon[590]: Withdrawing address record 
for 10.0.2.15 on enp0s3.
  May 27 14:19:38 matt-VirtualBox avahi-daemon[590]: Leaving mDNS multicast 
group on interface enp0s3.IPv4 with address 10.0.2.15.
  May 27 14:19:38 matt-VirtualBox avahi-daemon[590]: Interface enp0s3.IPv4 no 
longer relevant for mDNS.

  
  for no known reason.

  The only reliable way to get the network to come back (that I have
  found) is a full reboot.

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 16.04
  Package: avahi-daemon 0.6.32~rc+dfsg-1ubuntu2
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.4.0-22.40-generic 4.4.8
  Uname: Linux 4.4.0-22-generic x86_64
  ApportVersion: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2
  Architecture: amd64
  CurrentDesktop: Unity
  Date: Fri May 27 15:11:34 2016
  InstallationDate: Installed on 2015-10-22 (218 days ago)
  InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 15.10 "Wily Werewolf" - Release amd64 (20151021)
  SourcePackage: avahi
  UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to xenial on 2016-03-30 (58 days ago)

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