As of Firefox 136 (to release 2025-03-04), we intend to turn on the
HTTPS-First Mode by default.

Summary:

HTTPS-First will upgrade all top-level loads to HTTPS, while falling back
to HTTP if an HTTPS connection isn't possible. HTTPS-First has already been
enabled in private browsing for multiple years [1] and for all Nightly
users since June 2024 [2].

Bugs:

   -

   General tracking bug: https://bugzil.la/https-first-mode
   -

   To enable HTTPS-First in release: https://bugzil.la/https-first-release


Specification:

Work is in progress, but not yet merged, to specify the behavior of
HTTPS-First under the name "HTTPS Upgrades" in the Fetch standard:

   -

   https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/1654
   -

   https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/pull/1655

As both Blink and WebKit are already shipping features similar to the
proposed specification, we find it acceptable to enable HTTPS-First before
the HTTPS Upgrades proposal is merged.

Standards Body:

WHATWG

Platform coverage:

Desktop and Android

Preference:

dom.security.https_first

DevTools bug:

https://bugzil.la/1907518

Link to standards-positions discussion:

https://github.com/mozilla/standards-positions/issues/800 (positive)

Other browsers:

   -

   Blink: Shipped since version 115, which released 2023-07-18
   https://chromestatus.com/feature/6056181032812544
   -

   WebKit: Shipped since version 18.2, which released 2024-12-11

   
https://developer.apple.com/documentation/safari-release-notes/safari-18_2-release-notes#Security



web-platform-tests:

Tentative WPTs have been set up at https-upgrades/tentative/, but are
currently still failing for all browsers. This is mainly due to HTTPS
Upgrades only being specified to act on standard ports, and the WPT
infrastructure making that difficult to test. See [3] for ongoing work on
this. Besides WPTs, we do have good coverage of Firefox-specific tests for
HTTPS-First that predate the HTTPS Upgrades proposal in [4].

Please let us know if you have any questions or concerns.

Malte Jürgens

Simon Friedberger

Frederik Braun

Christoph Kerschbaumer

[1]
https://blog.mozilla.org/security/2021/08/10/firefox-91-introduces-https-by-default-in-private-browsing


[2]
https://groups.google.com/a/mozilla.org/g/dev-platform/c/yt6Kc8cAHag/m/90N-MtFrAAAJ


[3] https://bugzil.la/1877935

[4]
https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/dom/security/test/https-first

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