Krisztian Kasa created CALCITE-6453:
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             Summary: Simplify casts which are result of constant reduction
                 Key: CALCITE-6453
                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-6453
             Project: Calcite
          Issue Type: Improvement
            Reporter: Krisztian Kasa
            Assignee: Krisztian Kasa


RexSimplify transforms nullable cast expressions with a non-nullable literal 
operand which type is different from the cast type to another cast expression 
with a literal operand with the same type as the cast.
If simplify is called again using the result cast expression of the first 
simplification we get a literal only as a result.
Example:
Initial expression
{code:java}
CAST(_UTF-16LE'2020-10-30':VARCHAR(2147483647) CHARACTER SET "UTF-16LE"):DATE
{code}
where the operand is non-nullable varchar and the result of the cast is 
nullable date.
After the first simplify call we get
{code:java}
CAST(2020-10-30:DATE):DATE
{code}
where the operand type is non-nullable date and the cast type is nullable date.
https://github.com/apache/calcite/blob/8ab0b03326730aa2cc6b476b2cbd8f99799bdacb/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rex/RexSimplify.java#L2269-L2276

After the second simplify call we get
{code:java}
2020-10-30:DATE
{code}
where the literal type is non-nullable date
https://github.com/apache/calcite/blob/8ab0b03326730aa2cc6b476b2cbd8f99799bdacb/core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rex/RexSimplify.java#L2195-L2196



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