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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KAFKA-1555?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=14143628#comment-14143628
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Sriram Subramanian commented on KAFKA-1555:
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Surviving the leader crash makes sense. That is provided by any value from 2 to 
N. I am more interested in being able to specify why 2 and not N? Performance? 
Availability? Probability of data loss? If so, we should be able to quantify 
it. I don't want to drag this discussion but I think it is a common mistake to 
not quantify what are the benefits of choosing  one value over the other 
between 2...N-1 and pushing that choice to the users by providing a config that 
is fine grained. It would be great to document this use case with an example 
and indicating how performance, availability, data loss are affected by 
choosing one value over the other.

> provide strong consistency with reasonable availability
> -------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: KAFKA-1555
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KAFKA-1555
>             Project: Kafka
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: controller
>    Affects Versions: 0.8.1.1
>            Reporter: Jiang Wu
>            Assignee: Gwen Shapira
>             Fix For: 0.8.2
>
>         Attachments: KAFKA-1555.0.patch, KAFKA-1555.1.patch
>
>
> In a mission critical application, we expect a kafka cluster with 3 brokers 
> can satisfy two requirements:
> 1. When 1 broker is down, no message loss or service blocking happens.
> 2. In worse cases such as two brokers are down, service can be blocked, but 
> no message loss happens.
> We found that current kafka versoin (0.8.1.1) cannot achieve the requirements 
> due to its three behaviors:
> 1. when choosing a new leader from 2 followers in ISR, the one with less 
> messages may be chosen as the leader.
> 2. even when replica.lag.max.messages=0, a follower can stay in ISR when it 
> has less messages than the leader.
> 3. ISR can contains only 1 broker, therefore acknowledged messages may be 
> stored in only 1 broker.
> The following is an analytical proof. 
> We consider a cluster with 3 brokers and a topic with 3 replicas, and assume 
> that at the beginning, all 3 replicas, leader A, followers B and C, are in 
> sync, i.e., they have the same messages and are all in ISR.
> According to the value of request.required.acks (acks for short), there are 
> the following cases.
> 1. acks=0, 1, 3. Obviously these settings do not satisfy the requirement.
> 2. acks=2. Producer sends a message m. It's acknowledged by A and B. At this 
> time, although C hasn't received m, C is still in ISR. If A is killed, C can 
> be elected as the new leader, and consumers will miss m.
> 3. acks=-1. B and C restart and are removed from ISR. Producer sends a 
> message m to A, and receives an acknowledgement. Disk failure happens in A 
> before B and C replicate m. Message m is lost.
> In summary, any existing configuration cannot satisfy the requirements.



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