+1. Thanks for the KIP.

On Mon, Apr 3, 2017 at 4:29 AM, Rajini Sivaram <rajinisiva...@gmail.com>
wrote:

> +1 (non-binding)
>
> On Fri, Mar 31, 2017 at 5:36 PM, radai <radai.rosenbl...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > possible priorities:
> >
> > 1. keepalives/coordination
> > 2. inter-broker-traffic
> > 3. produce traffic
> > 4. consume traffic
> >
> > (dont want to start a debate, just to illustrate there may be >2 of them
> so
> > int is better than bool)
> >
> > On Fri, Mar 31, 2017 at 9:10 AM, Ismael Juma <ism...@juma.me.uk> wrote:
> >
> > > +1 from me too, thanks for the KIP.
> > >
> > > Ismael
> > >
> > > On Fri, Mar 31, 2017 at 5:06 PM, Jun Rao <j...@confluent.io> wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hi, Mickael,
> > > >
> > > > Thanks for the KIP. +1 from me too.
> > > >
> > > > Jun
> > > >
> > > > On Thu, Mar 30, 2017 at 4:40 AM, Mickael Maison <
> > > mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > Thanks for the suggestion.
> > > > >
> > > > > Currently, I can't think of a scenario when we would need multiple
> > > > > priority "levels". If in the future it makes sense to have some, I
> > > > > think we could just make the change without a new KIP as these APIs
> > > > > are not public.
> > > > > So I'd be more inclined to keep the boolean for now.
> > > > >
> > > > > On Wed, Mar 29, 2017 at 6:13 PM, Edoardo Comar <eco...@uk.ibm.com>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > > > Hi Mickael,
> > > > > > as discussed we could change the priority parameter to be an int
> > > rather
> > > > > > than a boolean.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > That's a bit more extensible
> > > > > > --------------------------------------------------
> > > > > > Edoardo Comar
> > > > > > IBM MessageHub
> > > > > > eco...@uk.ibm.com
> > > > > > IBM UK Ltd, Hursley Park, SO21 2JN
> > > > > >
> > > > > > IBM United Kingdom Limited Registered in England and Wales with
> > > number
> > > > > > 741598 Registered office: PO Box 41, North Harbour, Portsmouth,
> > > Hants.
> > > > > PO6
> > > > > > 3AU
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > From:   Guozhang Wang <wangg...@gmail.com>
> > > > > > To:     "dev@kafka.apache.org" <dev@kafka.apache.org>
> > > > > > Date:   28/03/2017 19:02
> > > > > > Subject:        Re: [VOTE] KIP-81: Bound Fetch memory usage in
> the
> > > > > > consumer
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) Makes sense.
> > > > > > 2) Makes sense. Thanks!
> > > > > >
> > > > > > On Tue, Mar 28, 2017 at 10:11 AM, Mickael Maison
> > > > > > <mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >> Hi Guozhang,
> > > > > >>
> > > > > >> Thanks for the feedback.
> > > > > >>
> > > > > >> 1) By MemoryPool, I mean the implementation added in KIP-72.
> That
> > > will
> > > > > >> most likely be SimpleMemoryPool, but the PR for KIP-72 has not
> > been
> > > > > >> merged yet.
> > > > > >> I've updated the KIP to make it more obvious.
> > > > > >>
> > > > > >> 2) I was thinking to pass in the priority when creating the
> > > > > >> Coordinator Node (in
> > > > > >> https://github.com/apache/kafka/blob/trunk/clients/src/
> > > > > >> main/java/org/apache/kafka/clients/consumer/internals/
> > > > > >> AbstractCoordinator.java#L582)
> > > > > >> Then when calling Selector.connect() (in
> > > > > >> https://github.com/apache/kafka/blob/trunk/clients/src/
> > > > > >> main/java/org/apache/kafka/clients/NetworkClient.java#L643)
> > > > > >> retrieve it and pass it in the Selector so it uses it when
> > building
> > > > > >> the Channel.
> > > > > >> The idea was to avoid having to deduce the connection is for the
> > > > > >> Coordinator from the ID but instead have it explicitly set by
> > > > > >> AbstractCoordinator (and pass it all the way down to the
> Channel)
> > > > > >>
> > > > > >> On Tue, Mar 28, 2017 at 1:33 AM, Guozhang Wang <
> > wangg...@gmail.com>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >> > Mickael,
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > Sorry for the late review of the KIP. I'm +1 on the proposed
> > > change
> > > > as
> > > > > >> > well. Just a few minor comments on the wiki itself:
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > 1. By the "MemoryPool" are you referring to a new class impl
> or
> > to
> > > > > >> reusing "
> > > > > >> > org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.internals.BufferPool"? I
> > assume
> > > > it
> > > > > > was
> > > > > >> > the latter case, and if yes, could you update the wiki page to
> > > make
> > > > it
> > > > > >> > clear?
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > 2. I think it is sufficient to add the priority to
> KafkaChannel
> > > > class,
> > > > > >> but
> > > > > >> > not needed in Node (but one may need to add this parameter to
> > > > > > Selector#
> > > > > >> > connect). Could you point me to which usage of Node needs to
> > > access
> > > > > > the
> > > > > >> > priority?
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > Guozhang
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > On Fri, Mar 10, 2017 at 9:52 AM, Mickael Maison <
> > > > > >> mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > > >> > wrote:
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >> Thanks Jason for the feedback! Yes it makes sense to always
> use
> > > the
> > > > > >> >> MemoryPool is we can. I've updated the KIP with the
> suggestion
> > > > > >> >>
> > > > > >> >> On Fri, Mar 10, 2017 at 1:18 AM, Jason Gustafson <
> > > > ja...@confluent.io
> > > > > >
> > > > > >> >> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> > Just a minor comment. The KIP suggests that coordinator
> > > responses
> > > > > > are
> > > > > >> >> > always allocated outside of the memory pool, but maybe we
> can
> > > > > > reserve
> > > > > >> >> that
> > > > > >> >> > capability for only when the pool does not have enough
> space?
> > > It
> > > > > >> seems a
> > > > > >> >> > little nicer to use the pool if we can. If that seems
> > > reasonable,
> > > > > > I'm
> > > > > >> +1
> > > > > >> >> on
> > > > > >> >> > the KIP. Thanks for the effort!
> > > > > >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> > -Jason
> > > > > >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> > On Tue, Feb 28, 2017 at 10:09 AM, Mickael Maison <
> > > > > >> >> mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > > >> >> > wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> Yes I agree, having a generic flag is more future proof.
> > > > > >> >> >> I'll update the KIP in the coming days.
> > > > > >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> Thanks
> > > > > >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> On Tue, Feb 28, 2017 at 5:08 AM, Jason Gustafson
> > > > > > <ja...@confluent.io
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> > Hey Mickael,
> > > > > >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> > The suggestion to add something to Node makes sense. I
> > could
> > > > > >> imagine
> > > > > >> >> for
> > > > > >> >> >> > example adding a flag to indicate that the connection
> has
> > a
> > > > > > higher
> > > > > >> >> >> > "priority," meaning that we can allocate outside of the
> > > memory
> > > > > >> pool if
> > > > > >> >> >> > necessary. That would still be generic even if the only
> > use
> > > > case
> > > > > > is
> > > > > >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> > consumer coordinator. We might also face a similar
> problem
> > > > when
> > > > > > the
> > > > > >> >> >> > producer is sending requests to the transaction
> > coordinator
> > > > for
> > > > > >> >> KIP-98.
> > > > > >> >> >> > What do you think?
> > > > > >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> > Thanks,
> > > > > >> >> >> > Jason
> > > > > >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> > On Mon, Feb 27, 2017 at 9:09 AM, Mickael Maison <
> > > > > >> >> >> mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > > >> >> >> > wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Apologies for the late response.
> > > > > >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Thanks Jason for the suggestion. Yes you are right, the
> > > > > >> Coordinator
> > > > > >> >> >> >> connection is "tagged" with a different id, so we could
> > > > > > retrieve
> > > > > >> it
> > > > > >> >> in
> > > > > >> >> >> >> NetworkReceive to make the distinction.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> However, currently the coordinator connection are made
> > > > > > different
> > > > > >> by
> > > > > >> >> >> using:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Integer.MAX_VALUE - groupCoordinatorResponse.node(
> ).id()
> > > > > >> >> >> >> for the Node id.
> > > > > >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> So to identify Coordinator connections, we'd have to
> > check
> > > > that
> > > > > >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> NetworkReceive source is a value near Integer.MAX_VALUE
> > > which
> > > > > > is a
> > > > > >> >> bit
> > > > > >> >> >> >> hacky ...
> > > > > >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Maybe we could add a constructor to Node that allows to
> > > pass
> > > > in
> > > > > > a
> > > > > >> >> >> >> sourceId String. That way we could make all the
> > coordinator
> > > > > >> >> >> >> connections explicit (by setting it to
> "Coordinator-[ID]"
> > > for
> > > > > >> >> >> >> example).
> > > > > >> >> >> >> What do you think ?
> > > > > >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> On Tue, Jan 24, 2017 at 12:58 AM, Jason Gustafson <
> > > > > >> >> ja...@confluent.io>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> > Good point. The consumer does use a separate
> connection
> > > to
> > > > > > the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> coordinator,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> > so perhaps the connection itself could be tagged for
> > > normal
> > > > > > heap
> > > > > >> >> >> >> allocation?
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> > -Jason
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> > On Mon, Jan 23, 2017 at 10:26 AM, Onur Karaman <
> > > > > >> >> >> >> onurkaraman.apa...@gmail.com
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> I only did a quick scan but I wanted to point out
> > what I
> > > > > > think
> > > > > >> is
> > > > > >> >> an
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> incorrect assumption in the KIP's caveats:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> "
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> There is a risk using the MemoryPool that, after we
> > fill
> > > > up
> > > > > > the
> > > > > >> >> >> memory
> > > > > >> >> >> >> with
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> fetch data, we can starve the coordinator's
> connection
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> ...
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> To alleviate this issue, only messages larger than
> 1Kb
> > > > will
> > > > > > be
> > > > > >> >> >> >> allocated in
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> the MemoryPool. Smaller messages will be allocated
> > > > directly
> > > > > > on
> > > > > >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> Heap
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> like before. This allows group/heartbeat messages to
> > > avoid
> > > > > >> being
> > > > > >> >> >> >> delayed if
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> the MemoryPool fills up.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> "
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> So it sounds like there's an incorrect assumption
> that
> > > > > >> responses
> > > > > >> >> from
> > > > > >> >> >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> coordinator will always be small (< 1Kb as mentioned
> > in
> > > > the
> > > > > >> >> caveat).
> > > > > >> >> >> >> There
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> are now a handful of request types between clients
> and
> > > the
> > > > > >> >> >> coordinator:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> {JoinGroup, SyncGroup, LeaveGroup, Heartbeat,
> > > > OffsetCommit,
> > > > > >> >> >> OffsetFetch,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> ListGroups, DescribeGroups}. While true (at least
> > today)
> > > > for
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> HeartbeatResponse and a few others, I don't think we
> > can
> > > > > > assume
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> JoinGroupResponse, SyncGroupResponse,
> > > > > > DescribeGroupsResponse,
> > > > > >> and
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> OffsetFetchResponse will be small, as they are
> > > effectively
> > > > > >> >> bounded by
> > > > > >> >> >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> max message size allowed by the broker for the
> > > > > >> __consumer_offsets
> > > > > >> >> >> topic
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> which by default is 1MB.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> On Mon, Jan 23, 2017 at 9:46 AM, Mickael Maison <
> > > > > >> >> >> >> mickael.mai...@gmail.com>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > I've updated the KIP to address all the comments
> > > raised
> > > > > > here
> > > > > >> and
> > > > > >> >> >> from
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > the "DISCUSS" thread.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > See:
> > > > > > https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/KIP-
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > 81%3A+Bound+Fetch+memory+usage+in+the+consumer
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > Now, I'd like to restart the vote.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > On Tue, Dec 6, 2016 at 9:02 AM, Rajini Sivaram
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > <rajinisiva...@googlemail.com> wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > Hi Mickael,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > I am +1 on the overall approach of this KIP, but
> > > have
> > > > a
> > > > > >> >> couple of
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > comments
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > (sorry, should have brought them up on the
> discuss
> > > > > > thread
> > > > > >> >> >> earlier):
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > 1. Perhaps it would be better to do this after
> > > > > > KAFKA-4137
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > <https://issues.apache.org/
> jira/browse/KAFKA-4137
> > >
> > > is
> > > > > >> >> >> implemented?
> > > > > >> >> >> >> At
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > moment, coordinator shares the same
> NetworkClient
> > > (and
> > > > > >> hence
> > > > > >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> same
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > Selector) with consumer connections used for
> > > fetching
> > > > > >> records.
> > > > > >> >> >> Since
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > freeing of memory relies on consuming
> applications
> > > > > > invoking
> > > > > >> >> >> poll()
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> after
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > processing previous records and potentially
> after
> > > > > >> committing
> > > > > >> >> >> >> offsets,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> it
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > will be good to ensure that coordinator is not
> > > blocked
> > > > > > for
> > > > > >> >> read
> > > > > >> >> >> by
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> fetch
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > responses. This may be simpler once coordinator
> > has
> > > > its
> > > > > > own
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Selector.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > 2. The KIP says: *Once messages are returned to
> > the
> > > > > > user,
> > > > > >> >> >> messages
> > > > > >> >> >> >> are
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > deleted from the MemoryPool so new messages can
> be
> > > > > > stored.*
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > Can you expand that a bit? I am assuming that
> > > partial
> > > > > >> buffers
> > > > > >> >> >> never
> > > > > >> >> >> >> get
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > freed when some messages are returned to the
> user
> > > > since
> > > > > > the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> consumer is
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > still holding a reference to the buffer. Would
> > > buffers
> > > > > > be
> > > > > >> >> freed
> > > > > >> >> >> when
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > fetches for all the partitions in a response are
> > > > parsed,
> > > > > >> but
> > > > > >> >> >> perhaps
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> not
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > yet returned to the user (i.e., is the memory
> > freed
> > > > when
> > > > > > a
> > > > > >> >> >> >> reference to
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > response buffer is no longer required)? It will
> be
> > > > good
> > > > > > to
> > > > > >> >> >> document
> > > > > >> >> >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > (approximate) maximum memory requirement for the
> > > > > >> >> non-compressed
> > > > > >> >> >> >> case.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > There
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > is data read from the socket, cached in the
> > Fetcher
> > > > and
> > > > > > (as
> > > > > >> >> Radai
> > > > > >> >> >> >> has
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > pointed out), the records still with the user
> > > > > > application.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > On Tue, Dec 6, 2016 at 2:04 AM, radai <
> > > > > >> >> >> radai.rosenbl...@gmail.com>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> +1 (non-binding).
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> small nit pick - just because you returned a
> > > response
> > > > > > to
> > > > > >> user
> > > > > >> >> >> >> doesnt
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > mean
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> the memory id no longer used. for some cases
> the
> > > > actual
> > > > > >> >> "point
> > > > > >> >> >> of
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> termination" may be the deserializer (really
> > > > > >> impl-dependant),
> > > > > >> >> >> but
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> generally, wouldnt it be "nice" to have an
> > explicit
> > > > > >> dispose()
> > > > > >> >> >> call
> > > > > >> >> >> >> on
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> responses (with the addition that getting the
> > next
> > > > > > batch
> > > > > >> of
> > > > > >> >> data
> > > > > >> >> >> >> from
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> a
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> consumer automatically disposes the previous
> > > results)
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> On Mon, Dec 5, 2016 at 6:53 AM, Edoardo Comar <
> > > > > >> >> >> eco...@uk.ibm.com>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > wrote:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > +1 (non binding)
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > ------------------------------
> > > --------------------
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Edoardo Comar
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > IBM MessageHub
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > eco...@uk.ibm.com
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > IBM UK Ltd, Hursley Park, SO21 2JN
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > IBM United Kingdom Limited Registered in
> > England
> > > > and
> > > > > >> Wales
> > > > > >> >> >> with
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> number
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > 741598 Registered office: PO Box 41, North
> > > Harbour,
> > > > > >> >> >> Portsmouth,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> Hants.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> PO6
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > 3AU
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > From:   Mickael Maison <
> > mickael.mai...@gmail.com
> > > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > To:     dev@kafka.apache.org
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Date:   05/12/2016 14:38
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Subject:        [VOTE] KIP-81: Bound Fetch
> > memory
> > > > > > usage
> > > > > >> in
> > > > > >> >> the
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > consumer
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Hi all,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > I'd like to start the vote for KIP-81:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > > https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/KIP-
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > 81%3A+Bound+Fetch+memory+
> usage+in+the+consumer
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Thank you
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Unless stated otherwise above:
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > IBM United Kingdom Limited - Registered in
> > > England
> > > > > > and
> > > > > >> >> Wales
> > > > > >> >> >> with
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > number
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > 741598.
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> > Registered office: PO Box 41, North Harbour,
> > > > > > Portsmouth,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> Hampshire
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> PO6
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> 3AU
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > --
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > Regards,
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> > > Rajini
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >> >
> > > > > >> >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >> >>
> > > > > >> >>
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> >
> > > > > >> > --
> > > > > >> > -- Guozhang
> > > > > >>
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