TL;DR Disable CoS.
NetBeans 23 RELEASE230 JDK 21 & JDK 23 Fedora 40 & Windows 11 Maven 3.9.6 -- 3.9.9 I started this on the user list since I thought it could be a user error from my side, now I think differently. The problem is that my code changes do not always seem to be applied after a build and run (from the IDE). The second problem was trying to find out how and when. The problem seems to be triggered by having CoS enabled on a specific module, if it's only enabled in the parent pom/nb-configuration it's not a problem. I'm not relying on the functionality on CoS, but it should not break a normal build & run. Sometimes I'm convinced that I can see a pattern depending on the jdk & maven version being used to the point of having a spreadsheet matrix. Just to realize later that is not the case. At some point I thought that <proc>full</proc> was involved too. Trying to close NetBeans after investigating this shows the dialog 'Exiting the IDE will terminate the following processes'. There are many of them since my attempts to reproduce the problem. Could that be related? I have not seen that dialog in a year or so. I created a small project https://github.com/trixon/nbbugcosprocfull here where one can toggle CoS on the sample and parent project while at the same time changing https://github.com/trixon/nbbugcosprocfull/blob/f330a779fe21533dbb8b90be912c8773fb71e9cf/bugcosprocfull-sample/src/main/java/se/trixon/bugcosprocfull/TestTopComponent.java#L35 https://github.com/trixon/nbbugcosprocfull/blob/f330a779fe21533dbb8b90be912c8773fb71e9cf/bugcosprocfull-sample/src/main/java/se/trixon/bugcosprocfull/TestTopComponent.java#L51 and then build the sample project and run the application. /Patrik