autumnust commented on a change in pull request #651:
URL: https://github.com/apache/orc/pull/651#discussion_r613611182



##########
File path: java/core/src/java/org/apache/orc/impl/StringHashTableDictionary.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.orc.impl;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
+
+
+/**
+ * Using HashTable to represent a dictionary. The strings are stored as UTF-8 
bytes
+ * and an offset for each entry. It is using chaining for collision resolution.
+ *
+ * This implementation is not thread-safe. It also assumes there's no 
reduction in the size of hash-table
+ * as it shouldn't happen in the use cases for this class.
+ */
+public class StringHashTableDictionary implements Dictionary {
+
+  private final DynamicByteArray byteArray = new DynamicByteArray();
+  // starting offset of key-in-byte in the byte array for the i-th key.
+  // Two things combined stores the key array.
+  private final DynamicIntArray keyOffsets;
+
+  private final Text newKey = new Text();
+
+  private DynamicIntArray[] hashArray;
+
+  private int capacity;
+
+  private int threshold;
+
+  private float loadFactor;
+
+  private static float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;
+
+  private static final int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
+
+  public StringHashTableDictionary(int initialCapacity) {
+    this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
+  }
+
+  public StringHashTableDictionary(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
+    this.capacity = initialCapacity;
+    this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
+    this.keyOffsets = new DynamicIntArray(initialCapacity);
+    this.hashArray = initHashArray(initialCapacity);
+    this.threshold = (int)Math.min(initialCapacity * loadFactor, 
MAX_ARRAY_SIZE + 1);
+  }
+
+  private DynamicIntArray[] initHashArray(int capacity) {
+    DynamicIntArray[] bucket = new DynamicIntArray[capacity];
+    for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
+      bucket[i] = new DynamicIntArray();
+    }
+    return bucket;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void visit(Visitor visitor)
+      throws IOException {
+    traverse(visitor, new DictionaryUtils.VisitorContextImpl(this.byteArray, 
this.keyOffsets));
+  }
+
+  private void traverse(Visitor visitor, DictionaryUtils.VisitorContextImpl 
context) throws IOException {
+    for (DynamicIntArray intArray : hashArray) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < intArray.size() ; i ++) {
+        context.setPosition(intArray.get(i));
+        visitor.visit(context);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void clear() {
+    byteArray.clear();
+    keyOffsets.clear();
+    Arrays.fill(hashArray, null);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void getText(Text result, int position) {
+    DictionaryUtils.getTextInternal(result, position, this.keyOffsets, 
this.byteArray);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int add(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length) {
+    resizeIfNeeded();
+    newKey.set(bytes, offset, length);
+    return add(newKey);
+  }
+
+  public int add(Text text) {
+    resizeIfNeeded();
+
+    int index = getIndex(text);
+    DynamicIntArray candidateArray = hashArray[index];
+
+    newKey.set(text);
+
+    Text tmpText = new Text();
+    for (int i = 0; i < candidateArray.size(); i++) {
+      getText(tmpText, candidateArray.get(i));
+      if (tmpText.equals(newKey)) {
+        return candidateArray.get(i);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // if making it here, it means no match.
+    int len = newKey.getLength();
+    int currIdx = keyOffsets.size();
+    keyOffsets.add(byteArray.add(newKey.getBytes(), 0, len));
+    candidateArray.add(currIdx);
+    return currIdx;
+  }
+
+  private void resizeIfNeeded() {
+    if (keyOffsets.size() >= threshold) {
+      int oldCapacity = keyOffsets.size();
+      int newCapacity = (oldCapacity << 1) + 1;
+      doResize(newCapacity);
+      this.threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAX_ARRAY_SIZE 
+ 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int size() {
+    return keyOffsets.size();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Compute the hash value and find the corresponding index.
+   *
+   */
+  int getIndex(Text text) {
+    return (text.hashCode() & 0x7FFFFFFF) % capacity;

Review comment:
       @pgaref  it was meant to remove the highest sign bits to ensure the 
dividend is always a positive value. But yeah I will take Owen's suggestion to 
use the Math library instead for better readability. 




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