Re: [D] Principal、Privilege 、Policy and role support Spark SQL management. [polaris]

[via GitHub]

GitHub user melin edited a discussion: Principal、Privilege 、Policy and role 
support Spark SQL management.

Principal、Privilege 、Policy and role support Spark SQL management, Spark 
supports the extension of SQL syntax.

ref: https://docs.databricks.com/aws/en/sql/language-manual/security-grant

Gemini 3.5 Flash: 
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## ✍️ SQL 语法定义

### 1. Principal（安全主体）管理
用于创建、删除和查看 Polaris 的安全主体（用户或服务账号）。

```sql
-- 创建安全主体（支持指定类型与属性）
CREATE PRINCIPAL <principal_name> 
TYPE { USER | SERVICE } 
[ WITH PROPERTIES ( 'key1'='value1', 'key2'='value2' ) ];

-- 删除安全主体
DROP PRINCIPAL <principal_name>;

-- 查看所有安全主体
SHOW PRINCIPALS;
```

### 2. Role（角色）管理
Polaris 区分 **Principal Role** 和 **Catalog Role**，我们需要分别提供管理语法。

```sql
-- 创建与删除 主体角色
CREATE PRINCIPAL ROLE <principal_role_name>;
DROP PRINCIPAL ROLE <principal_role_name>;

-- 创建与删除 目录角色
CREATE CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name>;
DROP CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name>;

-- 将 主体角色 授予 安全主体
GRANT PRINCIPAL ROLE <principal_role_name> TO PRINCIPAL <principal_name>;
REVOKE PRINCIPAL ROLE <principal_role_name> FROM PRINCIPAL <principal_name>;

-- 将 目录角色 授予 主体角色（核心解耦点）
GRANT CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name> TO PRINCIPAL ROLE <principal_role_name>;
REVOKE CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name> FROM PRINCIPAL ROLE 
<principal_role_name>;
```

### 3. Privilege（权限）管理
定义如何将具体的资源权限（如库、表、视图的操作权）授予 **Catalog Role**。

```sql
-- 授予权限（支持 CATALOG、NAMESPACE、TABLE、VIEW 等层级）
GRANT { CREATE_TABLE | SELECT | INSERT | DROP | ALL PRIVILEGES } 
ON { CATALOG <catalog_name> | NAMESPACE <ns_name> | TABLE <table_name> } 
TO CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name>;

-- 收回权限
REVOKE { SELECT | INSERT | ALL PRIVILEGES } 
ON TABLE <table_name> 
FROM CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name>;
```

### 4. Policy（安全策略）管理
用于定义更细粒度的安全控制，例如行级过滤（Row-level filtering）或列级脱敏（Column masking）。

```sql
-- 创建行级过滤策略
CREATE POLICY <policy_name> 
ON <table_name> 
FOR SELECT 
TO CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name> 
USING ( <filter_expression> ); -- 例如：country = 'US'

-- 创建列脱敏策略
CREATE POLICY <policy_name> 
ON <table_name> ( <column_name> )
FOR SELECT 
TO CATALOG ROLE <catalog_role_name> 
REPLACE WITH <masking_expression>; -- 例如：sha2(phone, 256)

-- 删除策略
DROP POLICY <policy_name> ON <table_name>;
```



GitHub link: https://github.com/apache/polaris/discussions/5244

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