TUC - Risks: weekly health and safety update
Risks 317 - 4 August 2007

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http://www.tuc.org.uk/h_and_s/tuc-13585-f0.cfm

Office printers 'are health risk' 


An office laser printer can damage lungs in much the same way as smoke 
particles from cigarettes, a team of Australian 
scientists has found. An investigation of a range of printer models showed that 
almost a third emit potentially dangerous levels 
of toner into the air. Lidia Morawska and her colleagues focused on particles 
less than a micrometre in diameter. These are not 
easily filtered out by the lungs and are suspected of causing long-term health 
problems. The Queensland University of 
Technology scientists have called on ministers to regulate these kinds of 
emissions. They say some printers should come with a 
health warning. The researchers carried out tests on 62 machines. Over a 
quarter (27 per cent) were found to emit particles of 
toner-like material so small that they can infiltrate the lungs and cause a 
range of health problems from respiratory irritation to 
more chronic illnesses. Conducted in an open-plan office, the tests revealed 
that particle levels increased five-fold during 
working hours, a rise blamed on printer use. The problem was worse when new 
cartridges were used and when graphics and 
images required higher quantities of toner. The researchers have called on 
governments to regulate air quality in offices and 
want companies to ensure that printers are based in well-ventilated areas so 
that particles disperse. Not all printers were equally 
bad. In fact, 60 per cent of them emitted no particles at all. Eight of the 
printers tested emitted only low or medium levels of 
particulates, but 13 were 'high emitters'. There was also no clear indication 
that any specific brand was worse than another.

Environmental Science & Technology Online. DOI 10.1021/es063049z
http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/esthag-w/2007/aug/science/nl_printers.html

ABC News Online
http://abc.net.au/science/news/stories/2007/1992685.htm?health

Sydney Morning Herald
http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/printer-particles-as-bad-as-cigarettes/2007/07/31/1185647903291.html#

The Australian
http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,22164613-1702,00.html

News Scientist
http://www.newscientisttech.com/article/dn12391-printer-particles-may-pose-health-risk.html

BBC News Online
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6923915.stm
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