When I try to add replication to an existing installation, mariadb
refuses to start (I'm a novice at MariaDB). This is on RHEL 9.

This is my server.cnf:

# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/
#

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mysqld/mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

# next stuff copied from the original zabbix 5 server.cnf

default-storage-engine=innodb
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1GB
innodb_doublewrite=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size=128M
long_query_time=1
max-allowed-packet=16M
max_connections=800
max_heap_table_size=256M
performance_schema=on
query_cache_size=0
query_cache_type=0
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/lib/mysql/slowlog/mysql-slow.log
thread-cache-size=50
tmp_table_size=512M


#
# * Galera-related settings
#
[galera]
# Mandatory settings
#wsrep_on=ON
#wsrep_provider=
#wsrep_cluster_address=
#binlog_format=row
#default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
#
# Allow server to accept connections on all interfaces.
#
bind-address=0.0.0.0
#
# Optional setting
#wsrep_slave_threads=1
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0

# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]

# This group is only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]

# This group is only read by MariaDB-10.5 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mariadb-10.5]

# server-id=1
 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
 log_bin_index =/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log.index
 relay_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-relay-bin
 relay_log_index = /var/log/mysql/mysql-relay-bin.index

The error I get is:

# systemctl status mariadb
× mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.5 database server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service;
disabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2024-11-11 16:31:02
MST; 12min ago
   Duration: 2h 35min 21.402s
       Docs: man:mariadbd(8)
             https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
    Process: 426050 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-check-socket
(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 426072 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir
mariadb.service (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
        CPU: 281ms

Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426111]: the
maria-discuss email list at https://launchpad.net/~maria-discuss
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426111]: Please
check all of the above before submitting a bug report
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426111]: at
https://mariadb.org/jira
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426072]:
Initialization of MariaDB database failed.
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426072]: Perhaps
/etc/my.cnf is misconfigured or there is some problem with permissions
of /var/lib/mysql.
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426072]:
Initialization of MariaDB database was not finished successfully.
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[426072]: Files
created so far will be removed.
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 systemd[1]: mariadb.service: Control
process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 systemd[1]: mariadb.service: Failed with
result 'exit-code'.
Nov 11 16:31:02 tmv1zbdb01 systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB 10.5
database server.
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