I found this story in The Week a couple of months ago.  It
reminded me of papers I'd heard in early PPIG workshops which
described program understanding; it was said that novices
read programs line-by-line rather than recognising structures
(plans?).

The Week is a news magazine which digests local and world news.
The "Health & Science" page often includes dubious research but
I wondered how much of these results could also apply to expert
programmers.


  How to be a Grandmaster   (The Week, 25 Aug 2001)

 "To be a chess Grandmaster, skill is not enough.  You also need a
  prodigious memory.  Scientists have discovered that professional
  players use a completely different part of their brain from
  amateurs that enables them to access a huge "memory bank" of more
  than 100,000 moves.  During the game they simply delve into the bank
  and pluck out the right one.  Amateurs, by contrast, analyse each
  new move, work out their opponent's strategy and try to counter it.

 "The discovery was made by scientists at the University of
  Constance who examined the brains of 20 players while they
  pined their wits against a computer.  Activity in the brains of
  Grandmasters was centred on the frontal and parietal cortex,
  areas associated with remote memory storage.  In amateurs, the
  activity was focused on the medial temporal lobes and hippocampus,
  areas involved in analysing new information and relying on recent
  memories."



Paola

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