On Sun, 2022-04-24 at 16:54 -0400, Mikulas Patocka wrote:
> This patch changes the function hex_to_bin so that it contains no branches
> and no memory accesses.
[]
> +++ linux-2.6/lib/hexdump.c   2022-04-24 18:51:20.000000000 +0200
[]
> + * the next line is similar to the previous one, but we need to decode both
> + *   uppercase and lowercase letters, so we use (ch & 0xdf), which converts
> + *   lowercase to uppercase
>   */
>  int hex_to_bin(char ch)
>  {
> -     if ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
> -             return ch - '0';
> -     ch = tolower(ch);
> -     if ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'f'))
> -             return ch - 'a' + 10;
> -     return -1;
> +     return -1 +
> +             ((ch - '0' + 1) & (((ch - '9' - 1) & ('0' - 1 - ch)) >> 8)) +
> +             (((ch & 0xdf) - 'A' + 11) & ((((ch & 0xdf) - 'F' - 1) & ('A' - 
> 1 - (ch & 0xdf))) >> 8));

probably easier to read using a temporary for ch & 0xdf

        int CH = ch & 0xdf;

        return -1 +
               ((ch - '0' +  1) & (((ch - '9' - 1) & ('0' - 1 - ch)) >> 8)) +
               ((CH - 'A' + 11) & (((CH - 'F' - 1) & ('A' - 1 - CH)) >> 8));


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