Hi jr, > > Â Â ralph:x:1000:1000:Ralph Corderoy,,,:/home/ralph:/bin/bash > > Â Â ralph:x:1000: > > newgrp(1) will still let me change to group `ralph' even though I'm > > not explicitly listed in /etc/group. > > so what you're saying is that newgrp allows you to change group *to* > the group that you're in already?
I didn't say that, I don't think, but yes, it does. What I was saying is that the groups you can change to are those where you're mentioned in /etc/groups plus the default group ID given for you in /etc/passwd. So it doesn't matter if that default GID doesn't mention you in /etc/group. > ie GID 1000 is your default group, and you can execute 'newgrp ralph' > straight after a login? Yes, or just plain `newgrp' since it then uses your default GID from /etc/passwd. > doesn't work for me here, I can change to other groups (which I'm a > member of) only. On this machine, group ID for `ralph' is 1000, and `admin' is 114. $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 1000 1000 1000 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 114 122 $ exec newgrp ralph $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 1000 1000 1000 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 114 122 $ exec newgrp $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 1000 1000 1000 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 114 122 $ exec newgrp admin $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 114 114 114 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 122 1000 $ exec newgrp ralph $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 1000 1000 1000 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 114 122 $ exec newgrp admin $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 114 114 114 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 122 1000 $ exec newgrp $ echo `id -gr` `id -g` `id -G` 1000 1000 1000 4 20 21 24 25 26 29 30 44 46 100 109 111 114 122 $ Cheers, Ralph.
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