On 23. Aug 2025, at 23.43, Louis Villedieu via dovecot <[email protected]> 
wrote:
> 
>   Dear dovecot mailing list,
>   Maybe you'll have an idea.
>   I upgraded from Debian bookworm to trixie this morning.
>   Along with this upgrade, dovecot went to 2.4.1 .
>   I adapted the configuration files.
>   The server starts but the clients cannot retrieve emails.
>   The error message in the logs is:
> 
>   dovecot: pop3-login: Error: Failed to initialize SSL connection: Couldn't
>   initialize SSL server context: Can't load SSL certificate
>   (ssl_server_cert_file setting): The certificate is empty

It's at least not a common problem, since many people are successfully running 
it. So a bit difficult to say. doveconf -n output might be helpful. You can 
also debug it further with:

>   In iostream-openssl-context.c:ssl_iostream_context_set(), I adapted this
>   error message to see whether a path could be found for this server cert
>   file:
> 
>   t_strdup_printf(
> 
>                           "Can't load SSL certificate (%s setting with path
>   '%s'): %s",
> 
>                           ctx->client_ctx ? "ssl_client_cert_file" :
> 
>                           "ssl_server_cert_file",
> 
>                           set->cert.cert.path,
> 
> 
>   openssl_iostream_use_certificate_error(set->cert.cert.content)

You can attach gdb here to this place. Add code:

raise(SIGSTOP);

And early into file #include <signal.h>

Now when this error is reached, the process is stopped and you can: gdb -p <pid 
of stopped imap-login process>

There you can inspect the settings where it goes wrong. Especially it seems in 
io_stream_autocreate_ssl_server() "ssl_server_set" contains the correct path 
but "set" doesn't?


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