Thanks for the detailed analysis, Garth!  I appreciate the issues, given
the basket of entities that maintain bases below 60degS.  Got a note
from Al K8SIX suggesting doing a Country Prefixes and Call Map amendment
to show stations on King George I. as So. Shetland VP8 instead of
Antartica KC, although I know there must be stations on the main
continental land mass that would clearly be Antarctica.

The card from R1ANF also shows their "contest call" VP8/R1ANF.  Wonder
how that would come up...

73 and HNY,
George W1EBI

-----Original Message-----
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Behalf Of Garth A. Hamilton - VE3HO
Sent: Wednesday, January 08, 2003 9:04 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [DXBase] Antarctica

Let me have a go at this for you.

Antarctica, South Orkney and South Shetland are three separate entities
however they are all in the Antarctica zone which means each nation
licenses their own nationals operating from any of the bases in the zone
so R1 is a Russian, KC4 would be an American, VP8 is an operator from
the UK, CE-Z is a Chilean, ZS5 a South African ZL5 a New Zealander FB8
is French, 8J is Japan, etc. So in each entity you can have many
different callsigns. So you need to map each Callsign and in some cases
as the operator moves from base to base he may operate from several
places each different DXCC entity. SO there is no definitive one answer
that will always be true for all callsigns. Some countries assign a club
call to a base in which case they can be mapped and will not change and
are known as in the case of the KC4's ZL5 and FB8 etc. Others like Chile
and Russia assign the call to the individual and so they can move from
base to base with the operator and may appear in VP8 or KC4. 

Why KC4 for Antarctica. There was never one nation to claim all of
Antarctica. Several nations have maintained bases there for many years
before the treay, but under treaty all nations agreed to create the
Antarctic Trust Territory where none have exclusive sovereignty but
could maintain bases and carry out scientific research and weather
observations. Since the program was developed in the US maybe it was a
natural thing to choose KC4 being an America prefix, but it could as
easily have been CE or ZS or VP8 or any of several others. 

Why VP8 for South Shetland Islands. It was claimed by Great Britain and
they actually maintained a community in the islands. Why VP8 for South
Orkney Islands, same story as South Shetland. When the Trust Territory
was set up Great Britain agreed to have these two island groups included
in the treaty zone south of 60 degrees south. 

DXBase has to have a master prefix for each entity in the database so
KC4 was chosen for Antarctica, VP8 continued to be used for South
Shetland and South Orkney as they were for many years the only prefix to
be used there. After the treaty this changed, but as in the case of
Antarctica in the DXBase database there must be a Primary prefix so they
chose to use VP8H for South Shetland and VP8O for South Orkney. 

DXBase is not confused the multiple licensing authorities make is so,
and we are left trying to keep track of it all. 

73 Garth VE3HO

At 08:14 PM 08.01.2003 -0500, you wrote:
>Can someone please explain to me how Antarctica is treated by DXBase?
>For example, I worked R1ANF on King George Is. in the South Shetlands
>(VP8S).  It is logged by DXB as CQ Zone 13 (correct), ITU Zone 73
>(correct), but classified as prefix KC-Antarctica.  I have also worked
>D88S on King George I., which shows as HL because it is a Korean base
>with a Korean license/callsign.  Then there is R1ANC.  I tried getting
>Bill NC1L, Mr. DXCC, to explain the treatment to me, but after two
>emails I am still confused.  DXCC shows Antarctica and So. Shetlands as
>two separate entities.  It seems that anything below 60deg south
>latitude is considered by DXCC as Antarctica, which has no licensing
>authority itself.  My question is:  does R1ANF (for example) count as
>BOTH So. Shetlands AND Antarctica for DXCC?  That hardly seems likely.
>And if that station is nominally on King George I. in the So.
Shetlands,
>why does DXBase not show it as VP8 instead of KC?
>
>George W1EBI
>
>
>
>
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