When learning CW in the military graduating speed was copying five letter coded 
groups at 25 wpm. You also had to learn typing on a mill at comparable speeds. 
You usually had code class then typing class on a mill. Chattanooga Shoe Shine 
Boy and similar tunes were played to teach you cadence in typing. With that 
background it is difficult to lay back and copy in your head. But I am doing it 
and learning to just worry about the call sign, location, frequency and time. 
To new comers, I say, copy in your head and as mentioned in other posts here 
learn cw as a language. But please, do not send faster than you can receive.
> On Dec 29, 2019, at 5:17 PM, elecraft-requ...@mailman.qth.net wrote:
> 
> Send Elecraft mailing list submissions to
>       elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> 
> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
>       http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
>       elecraft-requ...@mailman.qth.net
> 
> You can reach the person managing the list at
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> 
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of Elecraft digest..."
> 
> 
> Today's Topics:
> 
>   1. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (Robert G Strickland)
>   2. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (Eric J)
>   3. Re: Learning Morse Code (Tom McCulloch)
>   4. Re: Learning Morse Code (David Bunte)
>   5. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (K2bew)
>   6. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (Dave Cole)
>   7. Re: Learning Morse Code (Jim Brown)
>   8. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (David Woolley)
>   9. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (Barry)
>  10. Re: Learning Morse Code (Barry)
>  11. Re: K3 - Power cable voltage drop (Don Wilhelm)
>  12. 50 ohm SMD Dummy Load Kit (Richard Thorne)
>  13. My K3/100 has been sold (paule...@yahoo.com)
>  14. CW skimmer (Morgan Bailey)
>  15. kx3 FOR SALE (Terry Basom)
>  16. Re: CW skimmer (Don Wilhelm)
>  17. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (OT to Elecraft) (Mike Morrow)
>  18. Re: 50 ohm SMD Dummy Load Kit (k7...@aol.com)
>  19. KPA 1500 and receiver noise (K0RKH)
>  20. Re: K3 - KEY OUT problem (M. George)
>  21. Re: Learning Morse Code (Fred Jensen)
>  22. Re: Copying CW at high speeds (OT to Elecraft) (Phil Kane)
>  23. Elecraft SSB net for Sunday December29, 2019 (Jim White NC0JW)
> 
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Message: 1
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 03:43:46 +0000
> From: Robert G Strickland <rc...@verizon.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID: <918182fa-dd37-67f6-240e-d1f5bd1c9...@verizon.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> Jim...
> 
> I am curious about which "... things do occur..." that help along the 
> QRQ way.
> 
> Thanks for your interesting thoughts.
> 
> ...robert
> 
> On 12/29/2019 03:16, Jim Danehy wrote:
>> The electrical pulses from your ear to your brain travel at extremely fast 
>> speed.
>> 
>> The speed of light in a vacuum is 186,282 miles a second ; about 670,616,629 
>> mph.
>> 
>> My point ? At QRQ CW speeds something occurs that you normally do not 
>> encounter at slower speeds.  Look at a dictionary. Many words start with a 
>> common pattern. After 5 or 6 letters there are alternatives. At QRQ speed 
>> Your brain is actually ahead of what your ear is feeding your brain. It is 
>> giving you a choice of words to choose from.
>> 
>> The task is to choose the correct one. You are aided in that choice by the 
>> context of the message. I don?t know why this occurs. But it does.
>> 
>> So when you learn to copy Entire words rather than letters ; this is the 
>> phenomenon that occurs at high speeds. It helps but it can also throw you a 
>> curve ball. That is where message context enters the equation.
>> 
>> When you copy entire words rather than all the letters you have assistance. 
>> Your ability to copy faster speeds will improve with time. I only mention 
>> this as things get better the longer you stay with it.
>> 
>> It is called getting over the hump. Or through the walk.
>> 
>> It usually appears more difficult to increase your speed. However things do 
>> occur that help you achieve the ability to copy entire words. Then QRQ CW 
>> becomes conversational.  Kind of like auto fill with computer typing.
>> 
>> 73
>> Jim
>> W9VNE / VA3VNE
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>> 
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to rc...@verizon.net
>> 
> 
> -- 
> Robert G Strickland, PhD ABPH - KE2WY
> rc...@verizon.net.usa
> Syracuse, New York, USA
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 2
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 04:07:28 +0000
> From: Eric J <eric_c...@hotmail.com>
> To: "elecraft@mailman.qth.net" <elecraft@mailman.qth.net>
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID:
>       
> <dm6pr03mb4874135139daf23f0372c7fe8e...@dm6pr03mb4874.namprd03.prod.outlook.com>
>       
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> 
> For one, trhee is a lot of rdannudcey in lngugaae. Yuor biarn tkeas advgaante 
> of taht. You cn'at wenn you can olny wrtie dwon leettr by leettr.
> 
> When you head copy words, even short phrases, your brain does a lot of the 
> work it already knows how to do. That first sentence would take a lot of work 
> trying to figure it out letter by letter, but most people can scan it for 
> sense almost as fast as they can read correct text.
> 
> Eric KE6UWS
> 
> On 12/28/2019 7:43 PM, Robert G Strickland via Elecraft wrote:
> Jim...
> 
> I am curious about which "... things do occur..." that help along the QRQ way.
> 
> Thanks for your interesting thoughts.
> 
> ...robert
> 
> On 12/29/2019 03:16, Jim Danehy wrote:
> The electrical pulses from your ear to your brain travel at extremely fast 
> speed.
> 
> The speed of light in a vacuum is 186,282 miles a second ; about 670,616,629 
> mph.
> 
> My point ? At QRQ CW speeds something occurs that you normally do not 
> encounter at slower speeds.  Look at a dictionary. Many words start with a 
> common pattern. After 5 or 6 letters there are alternatives. At QRQ speed 
> Your brain is actually ahead of what your ear is feeding your brain. It is 
> giving you a choice of words to choose from.
> 
> The task is to choose the correct one. You are aided in that choice by the 
> context of the message. I don?t know why this occurs. But it does.
> 
> So when you learn to copy Entire words rather than letters ; this is the 
> phenomenon that occurs at high speeds. It helps but it can also throw you a 
> curve ball. That is where message context enters the equation.
> 
> When you copy entire words rather than all the letters you have assistance. 
> Your ability to copy faster speeds will improve with time. I only mention 
> this as things get better the longer you stay with it.
> 
> It is called getting over the hump. Or through the walk.
> 
> It usually appears more difficult to increase your speed. However things do 
> occur that help you achieve the ability to copy entire words. Then QRQ CW 
> becomes conversational.  Kind of like auto fill with computer typing.
> 
> 73
> Jim
> W9VNE / VA3VNE
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Sent from my iPhone
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> 
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to rc...@verizon.net<mailto:rc...@verizon.net>
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 3
> Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2019 23:25:25 -0500
> From: Tom McCulloch <th...@att.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Learning Morse Code
> Message-ID: <e4f75d60-eaf4-3aff-e1ac-8b32980e2...@att.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> I agree, we all learn by the method our Elmer taught us.? Mine was the 
> A,W,J method at 5 WPM.
> 
> I've been a CW guys almost exclusively and found 15 wpm to be my 
> personal comfort zone...However I have a question for those higher speed 
> guys out there.? At what speed would you say you start hearing complete 
> words rather than the individual letters and as a result you could 
> pretty much copy in your head (Jim said he doesn't write anything over 
> 20 WPM).? To me that's aweome (also unachievable..hi)
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Tom WB2QDG
> 
> K2 # 1103 (I think)
> 
> On 12/28/2019 12:08 PM, Jim Danehy wrote:
>> Everyone has an opinion on how to learn Morse Code. My skill with CW 
>> probably comes from longevity. Closing in on 70 years of using Morse Code. 
>> Certainly mostly hit and miss. I once wrote here that I could copy quite 
>> fast. Then the posts of bragging. That was not my intention. Credibility 
>> counts. You establish that with facts.
>> 
>> We all start with a blank sheet. We learned to talk as babies. That takes a 
>> good year plus. There really is no difference between learning to decode 
>> speech and CW. They both are sounds. They both are methods of communication. 
>> Reflect on that for just a moment or two.
>> 
>> Converting sound ! When I hear 2 people conversing in a language that I do 
>> not know it is just sound. That also occurs when CW is heard by someone who 
>> does not know CW.
>> 
>> A baby does not learn to read for about 5 years after they learn to converse 
>> in a language. That is why I do not recommend using sight to learn CW. You 
>> may disagree.
>> 
>> I can not recall how long ago it was but I do not write down CW. I do not 
>> write down my conversations in spoken language.
>> 
>> Most people learn CW at slow speeds. They need to write so that they can 
>> retain what the sender is attempting to communicate. At 5 wpm you would lose 
>> the flow of the attempted conversation unless you made notes.
>> 
>> So writing is OK at slower speeds. The goal is to increase your speed to a 
>> point where you do not lose what the conversation is about. That occurs 
>> differently for all of us. I would opine that above 20 wpm you should wean 
>> yourself off of writing down what you are hearing.
>> 
>> The ARRL  has archived their Code Practice files that have been sent over 
>> the air. They start at 5 wpm. The increase in 5 words per minute I recall. 
>> They go up to 40  wpm too. They are archived in MP3 format. They also have a 
>> companion text file. Check their website.
>> 
>> It took me a long time to reach where I find myself today. In the 1st 
>> paragraph I wrote 70 years. Yes I am going to be 82. All I use is CW. I have 
>> software that allows me to convert text to CW. I have a library of MP 3 
>> files that start at 40 and go up to 60. I practice several times a month. At 
>> QRQ Speeds you learn to copy entire words.
>> Most can not copy QRQ but that is just a fact. It takes practice. I believe 
>> using the ARRL archives a normal Ham should be able to reach copying 20 wpm 
>> in a few months. Get rid of the pencil and paper at some point. You don?t 
>> converse with others writing down what you hear from someone. If a baby can 
>> learn to talk in a year you can do CW at 20 in a year.
>> 
>> Just do it
>> 
>> 73
>> Jim W9VNE/VA3VNE
>> 
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>> 
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to th...@att.net
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 4
> Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2019 23:45:59 -0500
> From: David Bunte <dpbu...@gmail.com>
> To: Tom McCulloch <th...@att.net>
> Cc: "elecraft@mailman.qth.net" <elecraft@mailman.qth.net>
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Learning Morse Code
> Message-ID:
>       <cancjpbt5wmffnx-uqucfsd0u6ewk5xmlidykazgcb+mtrfo...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Tom -
> 
> I can't handle the higher speeds at which Jim is comfortable, but his
> suggestions are excellent. I think I stopped writing down stuff by the time
> I approached 15 wpm... except, of course Callsigns, names and QTH because I
> wanted those in my log... sometimes I will make other notes in the log to
> recall in future QSOs. By the time I got to 20 WPM I had to look for a
> paper and pencil if I wanted to write something down... as I put all the
> other stuff right into my logging program.
> 
> Just getting on the air and making QSOs has helped my speed more than
> anything else. Finding someone with whom to chew the rag... not only helps
> code speed, I think it makes the hobby even more enjoyable.
> 
> Best of luck es 73 de Dave - K9FN
> 
> On Sat, Dec 28, 2019 at 11:26 PM Tom McCulloch <th...@att.net> wrote:
> 
>> I agree, we all learn by the method our Elmer taught us.  Mine was the
>> A,W,J method at 5 WPM.
>> 
>> I've been a CW guys almost exclusively and found 15 wpm to be my
>> personal comfort zone...However I have a question for those higher speed
>> guys out there.  At what speed would you say you start hearing complete
>> words rather than the individual letters and as a result you could
>> pretty much copy in your head (Jim said he doesn't write anything over
>> 20 WPM).  To me that's aweome (also unachievable..hi)
>> 
>> Thanks
>> 
>> Tom WB2QDG
>> 
>> K2 # 1103 (I think)
>> 
>> On 12/28/2019 12:08 PM, Jim Danehy wrote:
>>> Everyone has an opinion on how to learn Morse Code. My skill with CW
>> probably comes from longevity. Closing in on 70 years of using Morse Code.
>> Certainly mostly hit and miss. I once wrote here that I could copy quite
>> fast. Then the posts of bragging. That was not my intention. Credibility
>> counts. You establish that with facts.
>>> 
>>> We all start with a blank sheet. We learned to talk as babies. That
>> takes a good year plus. There really is no difference between learning to
>> decode speech and CW. They both are sounds. They both are methods of
>> communication. Reflect on that for just a moment or two.
>>> 
>>> Converting sound ! When I hear 2 people conversing in a language that I
>> do not know it is just sound. That also occurs when CW is heard by someone
>> who does not know CW.
>>> 
>>> A baby does not learn to read for about 5 years after they learn to
>> converse in a language. That is why I do not recommend using sight to learn
>> CW. You may disagree.
>>> 
>>> I can not recall how long ago it was but I do not write down CW. I do
>> not write down my conversations in spoken language.
>>> 
>>> Most people learn CW at slow speeds. They need to write so that they can
>> retain what the sender is attempting to communicate. At 5 wpm you would
>> lose the flow of the attempted conversation unless you made notes.
>>> 
>>> So writing is OK at slower speeds. The goal is to increase your speed to
>> a point where you do not lose what the conversation is about. That occurs
>> differently for all of us. I would opine that above 20 wpm you should wean
>> yourself off of writing down what you are hearing.
>>> 
>>> The ARRL  has archived their Code Practice files that have been sent
>> over the air. They start at 5 wpm. The increase in 5 words per minute I
>> recall. They go up to 40  wpm too. They are archived in MP3 format. They
>> also have a companion text file. Check their website.
>>> 
>>> It took me a long time to reach where I find myself today. In the 1st
>> paragraph I wrote 70 years. Yes I am going to be 82. All I use is CW. I
>> have software that allows me to convert text to CW. I have a library of MP
>> 3 files that start at 40 and go up to 60. I practice several times a month.
>> At QRQ Speeds you learn to copy entire words.
>>> Most can not copy QRQ but that is just a fact. It takes practice. I
>> believe using the ARRL archives a normal Ham should be able to reach
>> copying 20 wpm in a few months. Get rid of the pencil and paper at some
>> point. You don?t converse with others writing down what you hear from
>> someone. If a baby can learn to talk in a year you can do CW at 20 in a
>> year.
>>> 
>>> Just do it
>>> 
>>> 73
>>> Jim W9VNE/VA3VNE
>>> 
>>> Sent from my iPhone
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>>> 
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to th...@att.net
>> 
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>> 
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to dpbu...@gmail.com
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 5
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 01:16:53 -0500
> From: K2bew <tombew...@gmail.com>
> Cc: Elecraft Mailing List <elecraft@mailman.qth.net>
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID:
>       <ca+sv7ka35iqf7rwo4hy78fo_vohgeva4mg-w-+0snj42qe7...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Jim I really appreciate your long explanations of learning to improve CW.
> Thanks so much!
> 73,
> Tom Bewick, k2bew
> 
> On Sat, Dec 28, 2019, 22:17 Jim Danehy <jsdan...@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
>> The electrical pulses from your ear to your brain travel at extremely fast
>> speed.
>> 
>> The speed of light in a vacuum is 186,282 miles a second ; about
>> 670,616,629 mph.
>> 
>> My point ? At QRQ CW speeds something occurs that you normally do not
>> encounter at slower speeds.  Look at a dictionary. Many words start with a
>> common pattern. After 5 or 6 letters there are alternatives. At QRQ speed
>> Your brain is actually ahead of what your ear is feeding your brain. It is
>> giving you a choice of words to choose from.
>> 
>> The task is to choose the correct one. You are aided in that choice by the
>> context of the message. I don?t know why this occurs. But it does.
>> 
>> So when you learn to copy Entire words rather than letters ; this is the
>> phenomenon that occurs at high speeds. It helps but it can also throw you a
>> curve ball. That is where message context enters the equation.
>> 
>> When you copy entire words rather than all the letters you have
>> assistance. Your ability to copy faster speeds will improve with time. I
>> only mention this as things get better the longer you stay with it.
>> 
>> It is called getting over the hump. Or through the walk.
>> 
>> It usually appears more difficult to increase your speed. However things
>> do occur that help you achieve the ability to copy entire words. Then QRQ
>> CW becomes conversational.  Kind of like auto fill with computer typing.
>> 
>> 73
>> Jim
>> W9VNE / VA3VNE
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>> 
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to tombew...@gmail.com
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 6
> Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2019 22:20:51 -0800
> From: Dave Cole <d...@nk7z.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID: <95a39645-89be-5994-c692-caeb60a21...@nk7z.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> Nerve impulses travel at around 200 MPH, tops, but I believe the 
> explanation will still hold.
> 
> 73, and thanks,
> Dave (NK7Z)
> https://www.nk7z.net
> ARRL Volunteer Examiner
> ARRL Technical Specialist
> ARRL Asst. Director, NW Division, Technical Resources
> 
> On 12/28/19 10:16 PM, K2bew wrote:
>> Jim I really appreciate your long explanations of learning to improve CW.
>> Thanks so much!
>> 73,
>> Tom Bewick, k2bew
>> 
>> On Sat, Dec 28, 2019, 22:17 Jim Danehy <jsdan...@gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>>> The electrical pulses from your ear to your brain travel at extremely fast
>>> speed.
>>> 
>>> The speed of light in a vacuum is 186,282 miles a second ; about
>>> 670,616,629 mph.
>>> 
>>> My point ? At QRQ CW speeds something occurs that you normally do not
>>> encounter at slower speeds.  Look at a dictionary. Many words start with a
>>> common pattern. After 5 or 6 letters there are alternatives. At QRQ speed
>>> Your brain is actually ahead of what your ear is feeding your brain. It is
>>> giving you a choice of words to choose from.
>>> 
>>> The task is to choose the correct one. You are aided in that choice by the
>>> context of the message. I don?t know why this occurs. But it does.
>>> 
>>> So when you learn to copy Entire words rather than letters ; this is the
>>> phenomenon that occurs at high speeds. It helps but it can also throw you a
>>> curve ball. That is where message context enters the equation.
>>> 
>>> When you copy entire words rather than all the letters you have
>>> assistance. Your ability to copy faster speeds will improve with time. I
>>> only mention this as things get better the longer you stay with it.
>>> 
>>> It is called getting over the hump. Or through the walk.
>>> 
>>> It usually appears more difficult to increase your speed. However things
>>> do occur that help you achieve the ability to copy entire words. Then QRQ
>>> CW becomes conversational.  Kind of like auto fill with computer typing.
>>> 
>>> 73
>>> Jim
>>> W9VNE / VA3VNE
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Sent from my iPhone
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>>> 
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to tombew...@gmail.com
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>> 
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to d...@nk7z.net
>> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 7
> Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2019 23:02:53 -0800
> From: Jim Brown <j...@audiosystemsgroup.com>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Learning Morse Code
> Message-ID:
>       <61e8a629-ae04-1d2d-5ecc-ee2792b00...@audiosystemsgroup.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> On 12/28/2019 8:45 PM, David Bunte wrote:
>> Just getting on the air and making QSOs has helped my speed more than
>> anything else.
> 
> CW contesting is also great for building CW copying skills.
> 
> 73, Jim K9YC
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 8
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 12:29:28 +0000
> From: David Woolley <for...@david-woolley.me.uk>
> To: Kevin McQuiggin <mcqui...@sfu.ca>, Jim Danehy <jsdan...@gmail.com>
> Cc: Elecraft Mailing List <elecraft@mailman.qth.net>
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID: <93eb1cfb-72ac-a94e-c767-2381bb073...@david-woolley.me.uk>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> Neve conduction is actually a mixture of chemical and electrical 
> mechanisms, in vertebrates.  The signal travels electrically in short 
> hops, and is then regenerated by a chemical process.  Invertebrates have 
> propagation velocities of more like 1 metre / second. 
> <http://www.biologymad.com/NervousSystem/nerveimpulses.htm#impulsespeed>
> 
> -- 
> David Woolley
> 
> On 29/12/2019 03:27, Kevin McQuiggin wrote:
>> It does not negate the argument, but nerve impulses are based on chemical 
>> reactions in neurons, and only travel at about 120 metres per second.
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 9
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 05:55:21 -0700 (MST)
> From: Barry <w...@comcast.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds
> Message-ID: <1577624121726-0.p...@n2.nabble.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
> 
> While I agree with the OP about copying conversational QRQ, the
> redundancy/anticipation doesn't hold true when copying callsigns, such as in
> the case of running RUFZ.
> 
> I don't know if the number has gone up in the last ~10 years, as that was
> the last time I participated in the IARU HST, but at that time, 2 guys
> (DJ1YFK and YT7AW) broke 200 WPM.  When in my prime, I hit about 120 WPM
> running RUFZ.  200 sounds like a buzz saw to me.  Maybe these guys have
> narrower gaps in their synapses?
> 
> Barry W2UP (HST 2011 Bronze medal in RUFZ)
> 
> 
> 
> --
> Sent from: http://elecraft.365791.n2.nabble.com/
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 10
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 06:05:58 -0700 (MST)
> From: Barry <w...@comcast.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Learning Morse Code
> Message-ID: <1577624758507-0.p...@n2.nabble.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
> 
> Jim Brown-10 wrote
>> CW contesting is also great for building CW copying skills.
>> 
>> 73, Jim K9YC
> 
> Yup.  Like the old joke, "How do you get to Carnegie Hall?"  Practice!
> 
> I also suspect age has a lot to do with it.  I was licensed at 12.  Upgraded
> at 13, but couldn't afford a SSB radio for 2-3 years, so did CW only.  Found
> the QRQ guys (in the early 70s) at the low end of 40 CW and programs were
> available, I found I hit a wall at ~100 WPM, despite practice.  Other than
> contesting, I really haven't been active for the last 5-10 years and my
> speed has significantly dropped.
> 
> Barry W2UP
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> --
> Sent from: http://elecraft.365791.n2.nabble.com/
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 11
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 08:48:37 -0500
> From: Don Wilhelm <donw...@embarqmail.com>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Power cable voltage drop
> Message-ID: <a919a65f-b5f4-ad37-4f4f-448229161...@embarqmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> As Bob has pointed out,  power drop is not the factor in the voltage to 
> an Elecraft transceiver.
> 
> No matter what the supply voltage may be, the K2/K3/K3S/KX2/KX3 will 
> attempt to produce the output power requested by the power knob setting. 
>  Those transceivers actually measure the output power rather than the 
> drive level as is done by many other transceivers.
> 
> The problem is that the transmit IMD increases as the voltage drops, so 
> running with a higher voltage results in a cleaner signal on the air.
> 
> Of course, if you are an "all knobs right" operator, you may notice a 
> bit of a drop in the maximum power available on some bands.  Instead of 
> 114 watts, you may get only 95 or 100 watts, but that is extreme.
> I recommend that you do not set the power knob above 100 watts in any 
> case.  Use the maximum setting only for testing into a dummy load.
> 
> The difference between 114 watts and 100 watts is only 0.57 dB and will 
> not be noticed on the far end of the transmission.
> 
> 73,
> Don W3FPR
> 
> On 12/28/2019 5:32 PM, Bob McGraw K4TAX wrote:
>> It is not quite that simple.?? Power drop is not really a factor.
>> 
>> The operating range of the radio, from specifications,? is 11 volts 
>> minimum to 15 volts maximum. ? Thus with a 4 volt operating range, a 1 
>> volt drop represents a 25% change.? Within this range of 11 to 15 volts 
>> the radio will attempt to deliver 100 watts by demanding the required 
>> amount of current from the power supply. Thus the three resistances in 
>> series example, as I stated earlier, with the middle one {radio} being a 
>> variable value.
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 12
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 08:09:05 -0600
> From: Richard Thorne <rtho...@rthorne.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] 50 ohm SMD Dummy Load Kit
> Message-ID: <9cb38740-8131-d3d9-f8eb-39cb00cf0...@rthorne.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> I picked up a SMD soldering station and would like to give surface mount 
> a try.
> 
> Any suggestions on a SMD 50 ohm dummy load kit?
> 
> Rich - N5ZC
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 13
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 14:25:09 +0000 (UTC)
> From: "paule...@yahoo.com" <paule...@yahoo.com>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] My K3/100 has been sold
> Message-ID: <165278352.4599928.1577629509...@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> My K3 has been sold. Thank you for your inquiries.?
> 
> Paul n6psepauln6...@gmail.com
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 14
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 09:33:48 -0600
> From: Morgan Bailey <mbaileyc...@gmail.com>
> To: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] CW skimmer
> Message-ID:
>       <cabkb7bjk6smqoggahp9cd2t4pag8pj3iw6yfacczogtpr8p...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Is one able to run CW skimmer on a K4. If so what model is best suited for
> this the K4 or K4d? Or should i use an RSP2 with out board computer
> dedicated to doing skimmer with the skimmer software?
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 15
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 11:03:34 -0500
> From: Terry Basom <ve3...@gmail.com>
> To: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] kx3 FOR SALE
> Message-ID:
>       <calclfqaj9kho5ut1f0xzquhuuscmq64vciuaxfrvnbnrh00...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> My KX3 has sold.
> 73's to all
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 16
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 11:18:40 -0500
> From: Don Wilhelm <donw...@embarqmail.com>
> To: Morgan Bailey <mbaileyc...@gmail.com>, Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] CW skimmer
> Message-ID: <5be19a9f-2158-c61d-f255-1405bf639...@embarqmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> Morgan,
> 
> The K4 (any version) will not run software apps like Skimmer, you will 
> need to run that on your shack computer.
> 
> While the K4 does contain a processor and a version of an operating 
> system, it is used for dedicated K4 functions.
> I would compare it to my fileserver box which runs on a Linux version. 
> I can access it via a browser for setup operations, but I cannot load 
> and run any other applications on it, it is dedicated to performing its 
> fileserver tasks.
> 
> 73,
> Don W3FPR
> 
> On 12/29/2019 10:33 AM, Morgan Bailey wrote:
>> Is one able to run CW skimmer on a K4. If so what model is best suited for
>> this the K4 or K4d? Or should i use an RSP2 with out board computer
>> dedicated to doing skimmer with the skimmer software?
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 17
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 10:39:11 -0600 (GMT-06:00)
> From: Mike Morrow <k...@earthlink.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds (OT to Elecraft)
> Message-ID:
>       <1409933060.1371.1577637551...@wamui-megara.atl.sa.earthlink.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Discussions of Morse copying skills are nowadays addressed to casual amateur 
> efforts where complete and accurate hard-copy output is seldom required.? 
> Professional Morse skill was measured at the speed that the operator produced 
> complete and accurate hard-copy.? An operator who head copies at 50 wpm but 
> hard copies at 15 wpm was a 15 wpm operator.
> 
> In the history of Morse for military and commercial service, the ONLY 
> valuable skill was producing accurate hard-copy of both plain language text 
> and code groups.? The professional licenses for radiotelegraphy were the 
> Third Class, Second Class, and First Class Radiotelegraph certificates.? The 
> Third and Second Class licenses required the following:
> 
> PLAIN LANGUAGE (including common punctuation) - 20 wpm - Receive and send 100 
> consecutive characters (1 minute) without error in a 500 character (5 minute) 
> text.
> CODE GROUPS (5-character groups of letters and numbers) - 16 wpm - Receive 
> and send 80 consecutive characters (1 minute) without error in a 400 
> character (5 minute) text.
> 
> Most candidates found that slow-speed code group receiving test to be the 
> most difficult part.? (It took me three 200-mile trips to the Kansas City FCC 
> office to finally pass.) All those mental skills that allow an operator to 
> decipher entire words in plain language are of no help with code 
> groups...there's no process of "hearing code groups".? There is also no 
> possibility of reviewing copied text and context for needed obvious 
> corrections.? Although it's not required for 16 wpm, operators skilled at 
> high speed code groups develop an automatic "unthinking" response to actuate 
> keys on the mill/keyboard as characters are heard.
> 
> The era of the professional commercial Morse operator essentially ended in 
> July 1999 when maritime Morse operation ceased in the US.? In the same era 
> the US military banned use of Morse, even going so far as eliminating it from 
> MARS repeater IDs.
> 
> It was a great era with great operators.? A dear friend of mine (Al, W5KGM) 
> was a professional Morse operator for airlines and in WWII Atlantic merchant 
> ship convoys from 1937 to the 1970s.? He could do do everything 
> commercial-quality at 60-wpm or better.? He became a silent key at age 102 
> last year...there aren't many such "real" Morse professionals left.
> 
> It's unfortunate that the ham bands have been since 1999 the only place that 
> Morse radiotelegraphy may be heard for practice.? Before that, the marine 
> Morse bands (especially 400 to 520 kHz) provided far more interesting copy 
> for development of Morse reception skill.? (I usually kept a receiver on 500 
> kHz/600 meters at night.)? Morse skill was also reinforced (at least for a 
> while) in the Cold War for radiomen in my squadron of ballistic missile 
> submarines on the logical consideration that if world events ever provoked 
> missile launch, it was unlikely that normal sophisticated submarine 
> communications networks would exist afterwards.
> 
> But today...Morse is only a hobbyist's or historian's undertaking.? I 
> personally found practice at Morse reception to be far more rewarding outside 
> the ham bands...but that option no longer exists.
> 
> Mike / KK5F
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 18
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 17:06:33 +0000 (UTC)
> From: k7...@aol.com
> To: rtho...@rthorne.net, elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] 50 ohm SMD Dummy Load Kit
> Message-ID: <330811204.2966129.1577639193...@mail.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> Hi,I found this site with a kit QRP smd parts. 
> https://kc9on.com/product/smd-dummy-load-bnc/
> 73Jim H k7sss
> In a message dated 12/29/2019 6:11:56 AM Pacific Standard Time, 
> rtho...@rthorne.net writes:
> 
> I picked up a SMD soldering station and would like to give surface mount a 
> try.
> Any suggestions on a SMD 50 ohm dummy load kit?
> Rich - 
> N5ZC______________________________________________________________Elecraft 
> mailing listHome: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraftHelp: 
> http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htmPost: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.netPlease help support this email list: 
> http://www.qsl.net/donate.htmlMessage delivered to k7...@aol.com 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 19
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 11:24:33 -0700 (MST)
> From: K0RKH <robertkh...@hotmail.com>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] KPA 1500 and receiver noise
> Message-ID: <1577643873678-0.p...@n2.nabble.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
> 
>              I am looking for possible causes of increased receive noise I
> am experiencing whenever I turn on my KPA 1500 .   I have always had this
> issue but at first disregarded it as maybe common mode noise but have since
> experimented a bit by connecting a dummy load to the receiver and producing
> the same results.
>             The receiver is a K3s model and I have taken several
> opportunities to bond all equipment and tried ferrite #33 beads in several
> places with no change in results.
>             Has anyone else on this site had the same problem.  The noise
> is the greatest on 6 and 10 meters where it would show up as more of a
> problem as well with a +20-db noise on 6 meters and +10-db on 10 meters.
>                     Bob   K0RKH
> 
> 
> 
> --
> Sent from: http://elecraft.365791.n2.nabble.com/
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 20
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 11:46:23 -0700
> From: "M. George" <m.matthew.geo...@gmail.com>
> To: N4ZR <n...@comcast.net>, N7WY-BobR <n...@rocketmail.com>
> Cc: Elecraft List <elecraft@mailman.qth.net>
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 - KEY OUT problem
> Message-ID:
>       <cafyrphvfs+sowtshop4xehvky0jfyr36qqb6vutdqw5tscu...@mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
> 
> Bob N7WY motivated me to provide a few more details on the KEY OUT
> mosfet/Q3/IRFI630 replacement.  I took the bottom off my K3 to show the
> location of the IRFI630 on the bottom of the PCB.  It was a little more
> tricky than I remembered, so you will need to access the main PCB from the
> top of the K3 by removing the KIO3 board and the IO board that has the IF
> output.  I did the replacement without removing the back panel which would
> have been very painful.  Again, I do remember being able to do this without
> a major disassembly.  I de-soldered from the bottom of the PCB and pulled
> and replaced the IRFI630 from the top.  It was tight, but it sure beat
> sending the K3 back to Elecraft and you can do a clean job if you are
> careful.
> 
> Here are some new pictures that I just took
> <http://www.nc7j.com/pa/main.php?cmd=album&var1=NG7M%2FRadios%2FK3%2FSmokedKeyOutIRFI630G%2F>
> and annotated with more details of the location of Q3 along with a snippet
> from the Elecraft Schematic where Q3 is located.  Your mileage may vary
> based on your re-work skills but I wouldn't consider this a difficult
> replacement... medium effort at worst.  When in doubt, send your radio in,
> but it's not rocket science:
> 
> Updated Pictures:
> http://www.nc7j.com/pa/main.php?cmd=album&var1=NG7M%2FRadios%2FK3%2FSmokedKeyOutIRFI630G%2F
> 
> Good Luck!
> 
> Max NG7M
> 
> On Sat, Dec 28, 2019 at 10:20 AM M. George <m.matthew.geo...@gmail.com>
> wrote:
> 
>> Pete, just saw your question on the PTT OUT not working for you.  I had an
>> issue with this back in 2016... I can't remember what I did, but it wasn't
>> smart and it was my fault... Anyway, I let the smoke/metal out of the 
>> IRFI630G
>> that is used on the PPT out.  It's beefy and can take a lot of abuse, but I
>> still managed to destroy it.  Anyway, it's an easy replacement and saved me
>> from shipping my K3 back to Elecraft.  Total operator error in my
>> situation... maybe attached 12v to the PTT out?  Again, I can't remember.
>> 
>> Here is a picture of what my damaged MOSFET looked like at the time... see
>> the crack and leakage ;)
>> 
>> 
>> http://www.nc7j.com/pa/main.php?cmd=imageview&var1=NG7M%2FRadios%2FK3%2FSmokedKeyOutIRFI630G%2FIRFI630GFried.JPG
>> 
>> And here is the Mouser part I ordered to replace it:
>> 
>> 
>> https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Vishay-Siliconix/IRFI630GPBF?qs=%2Fha2pyFaduhSYcFgYMU8ma88%2Fb96%2Fl4SGKWFSYSWEuEDdoRAAyNpCg==
>> 
>> Here is the schematic link:
>> https://ftp.elecraft.com/K3/Manuals%20Downloads/K3_Schematics_Jun_2010.pdf
>> 
>> Search for IRFI630 in the PDF, you will find it straight away... and I
>> don't remember it being tough to expose the damaged mosfet and replace
>> it...
>> 
>> Max NG7M
>> 
>> On Sat, Dec 28, 2019 at 8:57 AM N4ZR <n...@comcast.net> wrote:
>> 
>>> Thanks to everyone who responded.  I've now written to Elecraft Support,
>>> and anticipate that it will have to go back to the mother ship.
>>> 
>>> --
>>> 
>>> 73, Pete N4ZR
>>> Check out the Reverse Beacon Network
>>> at <http://reversebeacon.net>, now
>>> spotting RTTY activity worldwide.
>>> For spots, please use your favorite
>>> "retail" DX cluster.
>>> 
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
>>> 
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to m.matthew.geo...@gmail.com
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> --
>> M. George
>> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> M. George
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 21
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 11:56:35 -0800
> From: Fred Jensen <k6...@foothill.net>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Learning Morse Code
> Message-ID: <74831679-64d5-7e24-593e-23b875127...@foothill.net>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
> 
> I'm fairly certain it's an individual thing. In head copy, it starts to 
> sound like reading somewhere around 25 for me.? If I'm making record 
> copy on a mill or keyboard at around 25-30, I'm not really aware of 
> anything I am copying.? It seems to be a direct connection between ears 
> and fingers, and I cannot tell you afterwards what I copied.? In my very 
> brief 10 months as the "station kid" at a coastal marine station in the 
> mid-50's, the Company tried to enforce an 18-20 WPM speed limit while in 
> traffic, they believed that was the sweet spot in terms of overall 
> throughput [circuit chatter usually ran faster].
> 
> Ted McElroy [SK] held [and may still hold] the record set in the 30's I 
> think, at 76 WPM with text taken from a newspaper.? That he set the 
> record is certain although some have said he may have had the chance to 
> see the paper ahead of time.? He also won typing contests which were 
> popular at the time.? What may be apocryphal is a rendition that the 
> code began, he poured a cup of coffee and lit a cigarette, finally 
> sitting down and starting to copy maybe 5 mins later, and continued 
> typing for several minutes after the code stopped.
> 
> Code groups are said to be much harder than plain text ... the 2nd 
> Telegraph in the 50's was 20 plain text and 16 groups.? For some reason, 
> I find groups easier and less work, no idea why.? And, after close to 70 
> years with Morse, I agree with Tom ... there are lots of ways to learn 
> the code with varying efficiency for different people but they all work.
> 
> 73,
> Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
> Sparks NV DM09dn
> Washoe County
> K2 #4398
> K3 #642
> ex KX1 #697
> 
> On 12/28/2019 8:25 PM, Tom McCulloch wrote:
>> I agree, we all learn by the method our Elmer taught us.? Mine was the 
>> A,W,J method at 5 WPM.
>> 
>> I've been a CW guys almost exclusively and found 15 wpm to be my 
>> personal comfort zone...However I have a question for those higher 
>> speed guys out there.? At what speed would you say you start hearing 
>> complete words rather than the individual letters and as a result you 
>> could pretty much copy in your head (Jim said he doesn't write 
>> anything over 20 WPM).? To me that's aweome (also unachievable..hi)
>> 
>> Thanks
>> 
>> Tom WB2QDG
>> 
>> K2 # 1103 (I think)
>> 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 22
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 14:05:32 -0800
> From: Phil Kane <k2...@kanafi.org>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Copying CW at high speeds (OT to Elecraft)
> Message-ID: <fbc21d5f-c007-b525-d23d-151c7f76d...@kanafi.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
> 
> On 12/29/2019 8:39 AM, Mike Morrow wrote:
> 
>> But today...Morse is only a hobbyist's or historian's undertaking.  I
>> personally found practice at Morse reception to be far more rewarding
>> outside the ham bands...but that option no longer exists.
> 
> Check out <www.radiomarine.org> for the schedule of operations of KPH /
> KFS / KSM  Morse press and traffic transmissions every Saturday.
> 
> 73 de K2ASP - Phil Kane
> Elecraft K2/100   s/n 5402
> 
>> From a Clearing in the Silicon Forest
> Beaverton (Washington County) Oregon
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 23
> Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2019 15:17:41 -0700
> From: Jim White NC0JW <ars.nc...@gmail.com>
> To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> Subject: [Elecraft] Elecraft SSB net for Sunday December29, 2019
> Message-ID: <c3d86d40-3d75-45d5-b9f0-3fb3234d4...@gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain;     charset=us-ascii
> 
> Our normal net control Eric WB9JNZ is on a two week holiday vacation and is 
> scheduled to resume net control duties next week.  14 checks ins today with 
> Brian's (K1NW) help as a relay station.  Thanks for the help Brian!  We were 
> even able to dig Peter ZL1PWD out of the noise and get him checked in.  
> Thanks for your patience Peter.
> 
> Sunday December 29, 2019:
> 
> K1NW          Brian   RI      K3      4974    Relay station
> KS6F          Guy             CA      K3S     10650
> K7BRR         Bill            AZ      K3S     10939
> K8NU          Carl            OH      K3S     10996
> N7BDL         Terry   AZ      K3S     10373
> W4DML         Doug    TN      K3      6433
> KD8CIV                John    MI      KX3     4654
> W9LSE         Bob             WI      K3      945
> W2RWA         Dick    NY      K3      2603
> N6PGQ         Bob             CA      K3      5891
> W6US          Jim             NV      K3S     11215
> K4KSW         Jack    FL      K3S     10179
> ZL1PWD                Peter   NZ      K3      139
> NC0JW         Jim             CO      KX3     1356    Net control
> 
> The Elecraft SSB Net meets on Sunday at 1800 UTC on or about 14.3035 MHz.   
> With propagation at a low point we employ several relay stations located 
> around the continental USA to assist with check ins.  As conditions permit we 
> take questions and comments after check ins.
> 
> Make it a point to join us next week for the first net of the new year and 
> the new decade. 
> 
> Jim White - NC0JW
> ars.nc...@gmail.com
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net
> http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> You must be a subscriber to post.
> Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
> 
> End of Elecraft Digest, Vol 188, Issue 34
> *****************************************

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