Proportional Representation System with Hare Quotas There happens to be a very strong (but wrong) fixation with having 1 vote per seat in legislative bodies.
A candidate will directly (or indirectly) get more than, equal to or less than the Total Votes/ Total Seats ratio (aka Hare Quota). In the below the excess votes from winners (or votes from losers) go to 1 or more unelected remaining candidates with less than the Hare Quota until all candidates are elected or lose. Candidates of a party will presumably rank each other highest and then candidates of other coalition parties, if any. Proxy p.r. (NOT shown in the below) permits districts with an unequal number of voters per district (to have obvious district boundaries --- political subdivision lines, major roads, rivers, mountain ranges, etc.) and avoids above ratio vote transfers. Each winner has a voting power equal to the number of votes that he/she receives (directly from the voters or from transfers from voters or losing candidates). ---- Proportional Representation System with Hare Quotas 22 Mar 2002 [EMAIL PROTECTED] [optional/ fill the blank] Sec. 1. The [Name of Legislative Body] shall consist of [5] x [N] members [elected from [N] districts]. Sec. 2. As nearly as possible, each district shall consist of 1 or more political subdivisions and/or parts of not more than 2 political subdivisions, contain an equal number of Electors at the last election, and be square. Sec. 3. All candidates shall file a nominating petition at least [70] days before the Election Day signed by at least [0.5] percent [but not more than [1] percent] of the Total number of registered Electors in all districts as of [140] days before the Election Day divided by the Total Members to be elected. Sec. 4. Each candidate shall file a rank order list of all the other candidates in all districts at least [7] days before the Election Day. Sec. 5. Each Elector may vote for 1 candidate in his/her district. Sec. 6. Each candidate getting direct (plus transferred) votes equal to the ratio of Total Votes/ Total Members shall be elected Sec. 7. The votes in excess of such ratio shall be transferred to the highest unelected remaining candidate(s) on the elected candidate's rank order list (but not more votes than are needed to get such ratio) (starting with the candidate with the largest excess). Sec. 8. The candidate with the lowest number of direct plus transferred votes shall lose. Sec. 9. Such votes shall be transferred to the highest unelected remaining candidate(s) on the losing candidate's rank order list (and on the original rank order list involved for prior transferred votes, if any) (but not more votes than are needed to get such ratio). Sec. 10. Sections 6, 8 and 9 shall be repeated until all members are elected. Sec. 11. (a) A candidate or member may file a written rank order list of persons to fill his/her vacancy, if any. (b) The qualified person highest on the list shall fill the vacancy. (c) The legislative body shall fill the vacancy if the preceding does not h appen. --- A more inaccurate but quicker variant ---- Secs. 1-3 Same as above. Sec. 4. The candidates of a party shall get Seats (S) equal to Total Seats x Party Votes/ Total Votes using [the Method of Equal Proportions] OR [the highest fractions] (with independent candidates being deemed to be in a party). [Note- the MEP produces a rank order list of (Party Votes x Party Votes)/ (Seats x (Seats + 1)) (for Seats = 1, 2, etc.) to apportion seats. The MEP is used to apportion the 435 seats in the U.S.A. House of Representatives among the States using Census Populations of the States.] Sec. 5. The S highest vote receiving candidates in all districts of each respective party shall be elected . Sec. 6. Same as Sec. 11 above.
