Hello John, As promised, I'm coming back about the formatting of NA_characters_. In org-mode 9.5 NA_characters_ are not printed anymore with :results value. See example 2 and 3 for more details. Please let me know if this post solves your issues. Woudl updating to 9.5 be an option for you?
Best regards, Jeremie #+BEGIN_SRC elisp (org-version) #+END_SRC #+RESULTS: : 9.5 #+BEGIN_SRC elisp (emacs-version) #+end_src #+RESULTS: : GNU Emacs 27.2 (build 1, x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.24.24) : of 2021-11-26 * Example 1 #+BEGIN_SRC R :results output data.frame(abc=NA_character_) #+end_src #+RESULTS: : abc : 1 <NA> * Example 2 #+BEGIN_SRC R :results value a <- data.frame(column1=NA_character_,column2=1:10) #+end_src #+RESULTS: | | 1 | | | 2 | | | 3 | | | 4 | | | 5 | | | 6 | | | 7 | | | 8 | | | 9 | | | 10 | * Example 3 #+BEGIN_SRC R :results value :colnames yes library(RSQLite) con <- dbConnect(RSQLite::SQLite(), ":memory:") dbWriteTable(con, "df", data.frame(column1=NA_character_,column2=1:10)) dbGetQuery(con, "SELECT * FROM df") #+end_src #+RESULTS: | column1 | column2 | |---------+---------| | | 1 | | | 2 | | | 3 | | | 4 | | | 5 | | | 6 | | | 7 | | | 8 | | | 9 | | | 10 |