After upgrading to Lion and TeXLive-2011, I found my pdflatex export was no longer working (in that it would only call pdflatex once, and would not run bibtex). Having spent a couple of hours finding a solution, I thought I should share to perhaps save some others the trouble.
I had to do two things to fix the problem: 1) set my org-latex-to-pdf-process variable to ("pdflatex -interaction batchmode -output-directory %o %b" "bibtex %b" "pdflatex -interaction batchmode -output-directory %o %b" "pdflatex -interaction batchmode -output-directory %o %b"). Using -interaction nonstopmode (which I was in my previous setting) no longer seemed to work - the whole thing seemed to exit after the first call to pdflatex, so that subsequent commands were not executed. 2) add the line openout_any=r (or openout_any=a) to the file /usr/local/texlive/2011/texmf.cnf. Apparently, the default is openout_any=p, where the p stands for 'paranoid', and as a result bibtex refuses to write the .blg file. Cheers, Tony Ware -- http://www.math.ucalgary.ca/~aware