Hi Raymond:


>Does anyone know why the standard selects 25A, not others?

The presumption is that a zero-impedance fault occurs 
between the live mains and the protective earth/ground 
circuit.  This means the full current of the mains will
flow in the protective earth/ground circuit until the
overcurrent device operates.

The value of 25 amperes (for 1 minute) approximates the 
worst-case current and duration for operation of a mains 
overcurrent device such as a fuse or circuit-breaker.

For example, fuses are required to operate in no more 
than one minute at twice rated current.  So, if the
mains circuit is protected with a 15-amp fuse, the fault
current would be 30 amps for no more than 1 minute.  (This
is why CSA requires a test at 30 amps.)

Circuit-breakers are required to operate in no more than
four minutes at twice rated current.

It is generally accepted (and it is largely true) that if 
the circuit can withstand 25 amperes for one minute, it 
can withstand 25 amperes or more for several minutes.


Best regards,
Rich



-------------------------------------------------------------
 Richard Nute                      Product Safety Engineer
 Hewlett-Packard Company           Product Regulations Group 
 AiO Division                      Tel   :   +1 619 655 3329 
 16399 West Bernardo Drive         FAX   :   +1 619 655 4979 
 San Diego, California 92127       e-mail:  ri...@sdd.hp.com 
-------------------------------------------------------------






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