> > I am baffled by this discussion.

Not so much by the discussion but that it appears no one actually knows what
is going on other than that something is running on something.
> >
> > LinuxCNC relies on a real-time kernel in one of three flavours. RTAI,
> > Xenomai or PREEMPT-RT.

So what's the difference then between RTAI, Xenomai or PREEMPT-RT?    Again
a simple description.

And how are those different from what comes with Raspian in stock Linux
form.  

I understand that the Pi is closed architecture while the Beagle is open so
the there is a MachineKit port for the Beagle and that port takes advantage
of the two PRU processors while Raspian has a faster 'feel' to it because
it's got better Video and 4 cores.   

Clearly desktop Linux has some sort of RTOS (compared to single user
CP/M-80, CP/M-86,  MSDOS, WIN-386) since it allows multiple users to sign
in.  More like MP/M-86 which I ported to S-100 hardware for a customer way
back in the early 80's.

So along comes, finally, the GNU (GNU is Not Unix) compilers and from that
the Linux OS.  Certainly a Real Time Operating System (RTOS) but not Hard
Real Time.  Maybe more like Windows where a user gets processor time until
it issues a system call whether that be to rewrite the screen, deal with the
file system or a delay on a timer.  At that point the OS takes over and does
what it needs to do before going back to the user program.

So unless there is something significantly different between RTAI, Xenomai
or PREEMPT-RT, that is the subject of PhD dissertations, why are there still
3 of them?  

John








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