On Mon, 5 Dec 2022 at 02:20, Chris Albertson <albertson.ch...@gmail.com>
wrote:

> and we don't even know the exact kind of steel in the rod.  Without
knowing more it is a toss-up.

You don't need to know, all iron alloys have the same stiffness (to within
a couple of percent).
The shear modulus (G) for steel is 80 and for carbon fibre is around 5.
Steel is a lot stiffer than CF.

Anyway, with a 2Nm motor you might see 1.7 degrees of twist in an 8mm steel
shaft which is 500mm long.
Playing with numbers it would be 3 x less with a steel tube 12mm dia and
1mm wall thickness.
To match the stiffness of the steel bar with a _round_ carbon tube it would
need to be 20mm dia and 1.5mm wall thickness.

https://amesweb.info/Torsion/torsion-of-shaft-calculator.aspx

Note that there is only any torsional load on the shaft when accelerating,
so the extruder will generally not deviate from the path very much, but
will be lagging along the correct path.
(This is true of milling machines too, the f-error is typically
approximately along the path, so has less effect on part geometry than the
raw numbers would indicate)

-- 
atp
"A motorcycle is a bicycle with a pandemonium attachment and is designed
for the especial use of mechanical geniuses, daredevils and lunatics."
— George Fitch, Atlanta Constitution Newspaper, 1912

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