Julius Smith <jos@...> writes:

> 
> 
> I guess there are multiple definitions of "computable".  In the
> papers I've read (e.g., on wave digital filters), a delay-free loop
> is said not to be computable.  Solving the linear set equations for a 
> solution 
> gives you a new flow graph - a new filter structure that's computable as 
> drawn.
> 

Hi Julius,

Thanks for your reply.  I've never quite understood the mathematical
significance of the different approaches so I really appreciate your
thoughts on the topic.

I know of the topology rearrangement for avoiding delay-free loops,
for example in "Detection, Location, and Removal of Delay-Free
Loops in Digital Filter Configurations".

However, from what I understand of both Vadim's an Raph's approach
is that they are "topology preserving".  Specifically the state variables
from the equations I posted in my previous mail matches the voltages
on the capacitors (trapezoidal integration of current) of a similar analog
circuit, 4 1-pole filter in series with a feedback path of gain -k.

Additionally Raph's State Space Representation is also the identical
"topology", so I don't understand how this approach results in a
"new flow graph".

Raph's notebook specifically cites your paper.  As an additional
citation besides Raph and Vadim, there is some discussion of the
"topology preserving transform" from WIll Pirkle:

http://www.willpirkle.com/Downloads/AN-4VirtualAnalogFilters.2.0.pdf

Since I am usually not working on the block-diagram level, but so
far have understood things more just as a "set of equations", and
perhaps since the integration is implicit, that's what allows you to 
solve the delay-free loop?  I've never exactly understood the
mathematical implications here.

Thanks very much!

> 
> A related term in the finite-differences world is "implicit" versus "explicit"
> finite difference schemes, where implicit means you have to solve some
> simultaneous equations and explicit means you can compute forward
> each time step using previously computed values (a "causal" recursion). 
> 
> So, maybe it's just terminology...
> 
> - Julius
> 
> 



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