Hi,
attached patches are the current state of work.
It's probably still a bit rough around the edges, but I think I made
some progress.
The sample code in doc/examples does not write any data as of yet, but
the HTTP handshake works.
From b43aeaa27f6ca7df476aa194b2f78aa1b49516d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:06:16 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/10] lavf/network: split ff_listen_bind into ff_listen and
 ff_accept

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/network.c | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++------
 libavformat/network.h |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libavformat/network.c b/libavformat/network.c
index 47ade8c..8d61746 100644
--- a/libavformat/network.c
+++ b/libavformat/network.c
@@ -187,12 +187,11 @@ int ff_socket(int af, int type, int proto)
     return fd;
 }
 
-int ff_listen_bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
-                   socklen_t addrlen, int timeout, URLContext *h)
+int ff_listen(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
+              socklen_t addrlen)
 {
     int ret;
     int reuse = 1;
-    struct pollfd lp = { fd, POLLIN, 0 };
     if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(reuse))) {
         av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "setsockopt(SO_REUSEADDR) failed\n");
     }
@@ -203,6 +202,13 @@ int ff_listen_bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
     ret = listen(fd, 1);
     if (ret)
         return ff_neterrno();
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int ff_accept(int fd, int timeout, URLContext *h)
+{
+    int ret;
+    struct pollfd lp = { fd, POLLIN, 0 };
 
     ret = ff_poll_interrupt(&lp, 1, timeout, &h->interrupt_callback);
     if (ret < 0)
@@ -211,15 +217,24 @@ int ff_listen_bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
     ret = accept(fd, NULL, NULL);
     if (ret < 0)
         return ff_neterrno();
-
-    closesocket(fd);
-
     if (ff_socket_nonblock(ret, 1) < 0)
         av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "ff_socket_nonblock failed\n");
 
     return ret;
 }
 
+int ff_listen_bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
+                   socklen_t addrlen, int timeout, URLContext *h)
+{
+    int ret;
+    if ((ret = ff_listen(fd, addr, addrlen)) < 0)
+        return ret;
+    ret = ff_accept(fd, timeout, h);
+    closesocket(fd);
+    return ret;
+
+}
+
 int ff_listen_connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
                       socklen_t addrlen, int timeout, URLContext *h,
                       int will_try_next)
diff --git a/libavformat/network.h b/libavformat/network.h
index 86fb656..44e109c 100644
--- a/libavformat/network.h
+++ b/libavformat/network.h
@@ -254,6 +254,10 @@ int ff_listen_bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
                    socklen_t addrlen, int timeout,
                    URLContext *h);
 
+int ff_listen(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);
+
+int ff_accept(int fd, int timeout, URLContext *h);
+
 /**
  * Connect to a file descriptor and poll for result.
  *
-- 
2.1.0

From 39faa1ea315bb51452446e291fd5d93d7eb3a988 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:12:37 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 02/10] lavf/avio: add ffurl_accept and ffurl_handshake

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/avio.c | 15 +++++++++++++++
 libavformat/url.h  | 12 ++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libavformat/avio.c b/libavformat/avio.c
index aff8d10..cb8126d 100644
--- a/libavformat/avio.c
+++ b/libavformat/avio.c
@@ -211,6 +211,21 @@ int ffurl_connect(URLContext *uc, AVDictionary **options)
     return 0;
 }
 
+int ffurl_accept(URLContext *s, URLContext *c)
+{
+    int ret;
+    if ((ret = s->prot->url_accept(s, c)) < 0)
+        return ret;
+    c->is_connected = 1;
+    return ret;
+
+}
+
+int ffurl_handshake(URLContext *s, URLContext *c)
+{
+    return s->prot->url_handshake(s, c);
+}
+
 #define URL_SCHEME_CHARS                        \
     "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"                \
     "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"                \
diff --git a/libavformat/url.h b/libavformat/url.h
index 99a3201..78613c5 100644
--- a/libavformat/url.h
+++ b/libavformat/url.h
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ typedef struct URLProtocol {
      * for those nested protocols.
      */
     int     (*url_open2)(URLContext *h, const char *url, int flags, AVDictionary **options);
+    int     (*url_accept)(URLContext *s, URLContext *c);
+    int     (*url_handshake)(URLContext *s, URLContext *c);
 
     /**
      * Read data from the protocol.
@@ -140,6 +142,16 @@ int ffurl_open(URLContext **puc, const char *filename, int flags,
                const AVIOInterruptCB *int_cb, AVDictionary **options);
 
 /**
+ * Accept an URLContext c on an URLContext s
+ * @param  s server context
+ * @param  c client context
+ * @return the accepted filedescriptor on success, ff_neterrno() on failure.
+ */
+int ffurl_accept(URLContext *s, URLContext *c);
+
+int ffurl_handshake(URLContext *s, URLContext *c);
+
+/**
  * Read up to size bytes from the resource accessed by h, and store
  * the read bytes in buf.
  *
-- 
2.1.0

From 8b473ba9acffecf98f8252eeccb413bcfbbf38c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:13:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/10] lavf/avio: add avio_accept and avio_handshake

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/avio.h    |  2 ++
 libavformat/aviobuf.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 23 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libavformat/avio.h b/libavformat/avio.h
index 5ac5d38..7407ab0 100644
--- a/libavformat/avio.h
+++ b/libavformat/avio.h
@@ -648,4 +648,6 @@ struct AVBPrint;
  */
 int avio_read_to_bprint(AVIOContext *h, struct AVBPrint *pb, size_t max_size);
 
+int avio_accept(AVIOContext *s, AVIOContext **c);
+int avio_handshake(AVIOContext *s, AVIOContext *c);
 #endif /* AVFORMAT_AVIO_H */
diff --git a/libavformat/aviobuf.c b/libavformat/aviobuf.c
index ff85081..9be5131 100644
--- a/libavformat/aviobuf.c
+++ b/libavformat/aviobuf.c
@@ -1021,6 +1021,27 @@ int avio_read_to_bprint(AVIOContext *h, AVBPrint *pb, size_t max_size)
     return 0;
 }
 
+int avio_accept(AVIOContext *s, AVIOContext **c)
+{
+    int ret;
+    URLContext *sc = s->opaque;
+    URLContext *cc;
+    if ((ret = ffurl_alloc(&cc, sc->filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE, &sc->interrupt_callback)) < 0)
+        return ret;
+    ret = ffurl_accept(sc, cc);
+    if (ret > 0)
+        ret = ffio_fdopen(c, cc);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int avio_handshake(AVIOContext *s, AVIOContext *c)
+{
+    int ret;
+    URLContext *sc = s->opaque;
+    URLContext *cc = c->opaque;
+    return ffurl_handshake(sc, cc);
+}
+
 /* output in a dynamic buffer */
 
 typedef struct DynBuffer {
-- 
2.1.0

From 8ba3d1ef528cdd9209764b0f696b8df81ea46870 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:16:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/10] lavf/http: add http_accept and http_handshake

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/http.c | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libavformat/http.c b/libavformat/http.c
index 676bfd5..7219f08 100644
--- a/libavformat/http.c
+++ b/libavformat/http.c
@@ -382,6 +382,38 @@ static int http_open(URLContext *h, const char *uri, int flags,
     return ret;
 }
 
+static int http_accept(URLContext *s, URLContext *c)
+{
+    int ret;
+    HTTPContext *sh = s->priv_data;
+    HTTPContext *ch = c->priv_data;
+    URLContext *sl = sh->hd;
+    URLContext *cl;
+    if ((ret = ffurl_alloc(&cl, sl->filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE, &sl->interrupt_callback)) < 0)
+        goto fail;
+    if ((ret = ffurl_accept(sl, cl)) < 0)
+        goto fail;
+    ch->hd = cl;
+fail:
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int http_handshake(URLContext *s, URLContext *c) {
+    int ret, err, new_location;
+    HTTPContext *sh = s->priv_data;
+    HTTPContext *ch = c->priv_data;
+    URLContext *sl = sh->hd;
+    URLContext *cl = ch->hd;
+    static const char header[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\nTransfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n";
+    if ((err = http_read_header(c, &new_location)) < 0)
+        goto fail;
+    if ((ret = ffurl_write(cl, header, strlen(header))) < 0)
+        goto fail;
+fail:
+    handle_http_errors(c, err);
+    return ret;
+}
+
 static int http_getc(HTTPContext *s)
 {
     int len;
@@ -1346,6 +1378,8 @@ HTTP_CLASS(http);
 URLProtocol ff_http_protocol = {
     .name                = "http",
     .url_open2           = http_open,
+    .url_accept          = http_accept,
+    .url_handshake       = http_handshake,
     .url_read            = http_read,
     .url_write           = http_write,
     .url_seek            = http_seek,
@@ -1364,6 +1398,8 @@ HTTP_CLASS(https);
 URLProtocol ff_https_protocol = {
     .name                = "https",
     .url_open2           = http_open,
+    .url_accept          = http_accept,
+    .url_handshake       = http_handshake,
     .url_read            = http_read,
     .url_write           = http_write,
     .url_seek            = http_seek,
@@ -1477,6 +1513,8 @@ static int http_proxy_write(URLContext *h, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 URLProtocol ff_httpproxy_protocol = {
     .name                = "httpproxy",
     .url_open            = http_proxy_open,
+    .url_accept          = http_accept,
+    .url_handshake       = http_handshake,
     .url_read            = http_buf_read,
     .url_write           = http_proxy_write,
     .url_close           = http_proxy_close,
-- 
2.1.0

From cfd27b21cf9fae39d881608a3ba379e6fb75848c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:17:12 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 05/10] lavf/tcp: make tcp_open return with a listening socket
 without calling accept()

---
 libavformat/tcp.c | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libavformat/tcp.c b/libavformat/tcp.c
index f24cad2..04210b3 100644
--- a/libavformat/tcp.c
+++ b/libavformat/tcp.c
@@ -126,11 +126,9 @@ static int tcp_open(URLContext *h, const char *uri, int flags)
     }
 
     if (s->listen) {
-        if ((ret = ff_listen_bind(fd, cur_ai->ai_addr, cur_ai->ai_addrlen,
-                                  s->listen_timeout, h)) < 0) {
+        if ((ret = ff_listen(fd, cur_ai->ai_addr, cur_ai->ai_addrlen)) < 0) {
             goto fail1;
         }
-        fd = ret;
     } else {
         if ((ret = ff_listen_connect(fd, cur_ai->ai_addr, cur_ai->ai_addrlen,
                                      s->open_timeout / 1000, h, !!cur_ai->ai_next)) < 0) {
-- 
2.1.0

From dd197651d205b2dece97798e933974ecef3a2b7f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:20:17 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/10] lavf/tcp: add tcp_accept

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/tcp.c | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libavformat/tcp.c b/libavformat/tcp.c
index 04210b3..9f7a388 100644
--- a/libavformat/tcp.c
+++ b/libavformat/tcp.c
@@ -161,6 +161,19 @@ static int tcp_open(URLContext *h, const char *uri, int flags)
     return ret;
 }
 
+static int tcp_accept(URLContext *s, URLContext *c)
+{
+    TCPContext *sc = s->priv_data;
+    TCPContext *cc = c->priv_data;
+    int ret;
+    ret = accept(sc->fd, NULL, NULL);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return ff_neterrno();
+    }
+    cc->fd = ret;
+    return ret;
+}
+
 static int tcp_read(URLContext *h, uint8_t *buf, int size)
 {
     TCPContext *s = h->priv_data;
@@ -221,6 +234,7 @@ static int tcp_get_file_handle(URLContext *h)
 URLProtocol ff_tcp_protocol = {
     .name                = "tcp",
     .url_open            = tcp_open,
+    .url_accept          = tcp_accept,
     .url_read            = tcp_read,
     .url_write           = tcp_write,
     .url_close           = tcp_close,
-- 
2.1.0

From 5ab3661637c1ba571bc7f7bf365e3f3c8bc4ae89 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:25:35 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 07/10] lavf/http: remove connection logic from http_listen()

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/http.c | 10 +---------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libavformat/http.c b/libavformat/http.c
index 7219f08..dbf0374 100644
--- a/libavformat/http.c
+++ b/libavformat/http.c
@@ -320,11 +320,10 @@ static int http_listen(URLContext *h, const char *uri, int flags,
                        AVDictionary **options) {
     HTTPContext *s = h->priv_data;
     int ret;
-    static const char header[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\nTransfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n";
     char hostname[1024], proto[10];
     char lower_url[100];
     const char *lower_proto = "tcp";
-    int port, new_location;
+    int port;
     s->chunked_post = 1;
     av_url_split(proto, sizeof(proto), NULL, 0, hostname, sizeof(hostname), &port,
                  NULL, 0, uri);
@@ -336,14 +335,7 @@ static int http_listen(URLContext *h, const char *uri, int flags,
     if ((ret = ffurl_open(&s->hd, lower_url, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE,
                           &h->interrupt_callback, options)) < 0)
         goto fail;
-    if ((ret = http_read_header(h, &new_location)) < 0)
-         goto fail;
-    if ((ret = ffurl_write(s->hd, header, strlen(header))) < 0)
-         goto fail;
-    return 0;
-
 fail:
-    handle_http_errors(h, ret);
     av_dict_free(&s->chained_options);
     return ret;
 }
-- 
2.1.0

From b835a248bba5004ad8f8a598992fa959881b2376 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:26:43 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/10] lavf/http: ignore 0 in handle_http_errors()

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/http.c | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libavformat/http.c b/libavformat/http.c
index dbf0374..33d1203 100644
--- a/libavformat/http.c
+++ b/libavformat/http.c
@@ -306,6 +306,8 @@ static void handle_http_errors(URLContext *h, int error)
     HTTPContext *s = h->priv_data;
     if (h->is_connected) {
         switch(error) {
+            case 0:
+                break;
             case AVERROR_HTTP_BAD_REQUEST:
                 ffurl_write(s->hd, bad_request, strlen(bad_request));
                 break;
-- 
2.1.0

From 127b0ef456d203bc295ef017737019c0f8329515 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:39:13 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/10] lavf/http: only shut down the connection when it's a
 client.

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 libavformat/http.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/libavformat/http.c b/libavformat/http.c
index 33d1203..528e1a1 100644
--- a/libavformat/http.c
+++ b/libavformat/http.c
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ static int http_close(URLContext *h)
     av_freep(&s->inflate_buffer);
 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
 
-    if (!s->end_chunked_post)
+    if ((!s->listen && !s->end_chunked_post))
         /* Close the write direction by sending the end of chunked encoding. */
         ret = http_shutdown(h, h->flags);
 
-- 
2.1.0

From df4b466693b8d8627cca59a17d9e7ab5fd5e843e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 2015 06:39:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 10/10] doc/examples: WIP: add http_multiclient example code.

Signed-off-by: Stephan Holljes <klaxa1...@googlemail.com>
---
 doc/examples/Makefile           |  1 +
 doc/examples/http_multiclient.c | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 61 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 doc/examples/http_multiclient.c

diff --git a/doc/examples/Makefile b/doc/examples/Makefile
index 9699f11..8c9501b 100644
--- a/doc/examples/Makefile
+++ b/doc/examples/Makefile
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ EXAMPLES=       avio_list_dir                      \
                 extract_mvs                        \
                 filtering_video                    \
                 filtering_audio                    \
+                http_multiclient                   \
                 metadata                           \
                 muxing                             \
                 remuxing                           \
diff --git a/doc/examples/http_multiclient.c b/doc/examples/http_multiclient.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..215a8bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/examples/http_multiclient.c
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    AVOutputFormat *ofmt = NULL;
+    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx = NULL, *ofmt_ctx = NULL;
+    AVDictionary *options = NULL;
+    AVPacket pkt;
+    AVIOContext *c = NULL;
+    const char *in_filename, *out_uri;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (argc < 3) {
+        printf("usage: %s input http[s]://hostname[:port]\n"
+               "API example program to serve http to multiple clients.\n"
+               "The output format is guessed according to the input file extension.\n"
+               "\n", argv[0]);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    in_filename = argv[1];
+    out_uri = argv[2];
+
+    av_register_all();
+    avformat_network_init();
+
+    if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, in_filename, 0, 0)) < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input file '%s'", in_filename);
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to retrieve input stream information");
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, ifmt_ctx->iformat->name, out_uri);
+    if (!ofmt_ctx) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not create output context\n");
+        ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;
+    av_dict_set(&options, "listen", "1", 0);
+    ret = avio_open2(&ofmt_ctx->pb, out_uri, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE, NULL, &options);
+    avio_accept(ofmt_ctx->pb, &c);
+    avio_handshake(ofmt_ctx->pb, c);
+    avio_close(c);
+
+end:
+    avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);
+
+    if (ofmt_ctx)
+        avio_closep(&ofmt_ctx->pb);
+    avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
+    if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR_EOF)
+        return 1;
+    return 0;
+}
-- 
2.1.0

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