This is sample code for reference

HW support for decode+scaling in a single HW command (VDBOX+SFC).
The primary target usage is video analytics, but can be used playback,
transcoding, etc.

For VAAPI -
https://github.com/intel/libva
basically, it allows multiple outputs (in different resolutions) using the 
decode context in a single call (you can search for “additional_outputs” in 
va.h).

VAAPI sample code -
https://github.com/intel/libva-utils/commit/957a269f02b00760b7e807643c821ee26abc529b
---
 libavcodec/avcodec.h       |   8 +++
 libavcodec/decode.c        |  16 +++++
 libavcodec/options_table.h |   4 ++
 libavcodec/vaapi_decode.c  | 122 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 libavcodec/vaapi_decode.h  |  30 +++++++++
 libavcodec/vaapi_h264.c    |  13 ++++
 6 files changed, 185 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libavcodec/avcodec.h b/libavcodec/avcodec.h
index 0ce22ec4fa..36db21c0a5 100644
--- a/libavcodec/avcodec.h
+++ b/libavcodec/avcodec.h
@@ -3357,6 +3357,14 @@ typedef struct AVCodecContext {
      * - encoding: unused
      */
     int discard_damaged_percentage;
+
+    /*
+     * Thumbnail options
+     */
+    int thumbnail_flags;
+    int thumbnail_format;
+    int thumbnail_width;
+    int thumbnail_height;
 } AVCodecContext;
 
 #if FF_API_CODEC_GET_SET
diff --git a/libavcodec/decode.c b/libavcodec/decode.c
index a32ff2fcd3..2107751197 100644
--- a/libavcodec/decode.c
+++ b/libavcodec/decode.c
@@ -1795,6 +1795,22 @@ FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
         frame->channels = avctx->channels;
         break;
     }
+
+    //thumbnail side data
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        AVFrameSideData *frame_thumbnail_sd = av_frame_new_side_data(frame,
+                                                                     
AV_FRAME_DATA_THUMBNAIL_INFO,
+                                                                     
sizeof(AVThumbnailInfo));
+        if (frame_thumbnail_sd) {
+            av_dict_set_int(&frame_thumbnail_sd->metadata, "thumbnail_flags", 
avctx->thumbnail_flags, 0);
+            av_dict_set_int(&frame_thumbnail_sd->metadata, "thumbnail_width", 
avctx->thumbnail_width, 0);
+            av_dict_set_int(&frame_thumbnail_sd->metadata, "thumbnail_height", 
avctx->thumbnail_height, 0);
+            av_dict_set_int(&frame_thumbnail_sd->metadata, "thumbnail_format", 
avctx->thumbnail_format, 0);
+
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Thumbnail new side data\n");
+        }
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/libavcodec/options_table.h b/libavcodec/options_table.h
index a3235bcd57..aa158f713c 100644
--- a/libavcodec/options_table.h
+++ b/libavcodec/options_table.h
@@ -480,6 +480,10 @@ static const AVOption avcodec_options[] = {
 {"allow_profile_mismatch", "attempt to decode anyway if HW accelerated 
decoder's supported profiles do not exactly match the stream", 0, 
AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = AV_HWACCEL_FLAG_ALLOW_PROFILE_MISMATCH }, INT_MIN, 
INT_MAX, V | D, "hwaccel_flags"},
 {"extra_hw_frames", "Number of extra hardware frames to allocate for the 
user", OFFSET(extra_hw_frames), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = -1 }, -1, INT_MAX, 
V|D },
 {"discard_damaged_percentage", "Percentage of damaged samples to discard a 
frame", OFFSET(discard_damaged_percentage), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 95 }, 0, 
100, V|D },
+{"thumbnail_flags", "set thumbnail flags", OFFSET(thumbnail_flags), 
AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, V|D, "thumbnail"},
+{"thumbnail_format", "set thumbnail format", OFFSET(thumbnail_format), 
AV_OPT_TYPE_PIXEL_FMT, {.i64=AV_PIX_FMT_ARGB}, -1, INT_MAX, V|D, "thumbnail"},
+{"thumbnail_width", "set thumbnail width", OFFSET(thumbnail_width), 
AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 480}, 0, INT_MAX, V|D, "thumbnail"},
+{"thumbnail_height", "set thumbnail height", OFFSET(thumbnail_height), 
AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 360}, 0, INT_MAX, V|D, "thumbnail"},
 {NULL},
 };
 
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.c
index 69512e1d45..2e9e762dc0 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.c
@@ -145,6 +145,17 @@ static void ff_vaapi_decode_destroy_buffers(AVCodecContext 
*avctx,
                    pic->slice_buffers[i], vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
         }
     }
+
+    //destory thumbnail buffer
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        vas = vaDestroyBuffer(ctx->hwctx->display,
+                              pic->thumbnail_buffer);
+        if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to destroy thumbnail "
+                   "buffer %#x: %d (%s).\n",
+                   pic->thumbnail_buffer, vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 int ff_vaapi_decode_issue(AVCodecContext *avctx,
@@ -184,6 +195,56 @@ int ff_vaapi_decode_issue(AVCodecContext *avctx,
         goto fail_with_picture;
     }
 
+    //add thumbnail buffer
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        VARectangle   rect_src;          /**< @brief Rectangle for source 
input */
+        VARectangle   rect_thumbnail;    /**< @brief Rectangle for thumbnail 
output */
+        VAProcPipelineParameterBuffer buffer;
+
+        memset(&rect_src, 0, sizeof(rect_src));
+        memset(&rect_thumbnail, 0, sizeof(rect_thumbnail));
+        memset(&buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
+
+        rect_src.x = rect_src.y = 0;
+        rect_src.width = (uint16_t)pic->thumbnail_src_width;
+        rect_src.height = (uint16_t)pic->thumbnail_src_height;
+
+        rect_thumbnail.x = rect_src.y = 0;
+        rect_thumbnail.width = (uint16_t)avctx->thumbnail_width;
+        rect_thumbnail.height = (uint16_t)avctx->thumbnail_height;
+
+        buffer.surface_region = &rect_src;
+        buffer.output_region = &rect_thumbnail;
+        buffer.additional_outputs = 
(VASurfaceID*)&(pic->thumbnail_output_surface);
+        buffer.num_additional_outputs = 1;
+
+        vas = vaCreateBuffer(ctx->hwctx->display, ctx->va_context,
+                                  VAProcPipelineParameterBufferType,
+                                  sizeof(buffer),
+                                  1,
+                                  (uint8_t*)&buffer,
+                                  &pic->thumbnail_buffer);
+        if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create thumbnail buffer: "
+                   "%d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
+            err = AVERROR(EIO);
+            goto fail_with_picture;
+        }
+
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "H264 create thumbnail buffer.\n");
+
+        vas = vaRenderPicture(ctx->hwctx->display, ctx->va_context,
+                              &pic->thumbnail_buffer, 1);
+        if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to upload sfc: "
+                   "%d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
+            err = AVERROR(EIO);
+            goto fail_with_picture;
+        }
+
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "H264 render thumbnail buffer.\n");
+    }
+
     vas = vaEndPicture(ctx->hwctx->display, ctx->va_context);
     if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to end picture decode "
@@ -493,14 +554,49 @@ static int vaapi_decode_make_config(AVCodecContext *avctx,
         }
     }
 
-    vas = vaCreateConfig(hwctx->display, matched_va_profile,
-                         VAEntrypointVLD, NULL, 0,
-                         va_config);
-    if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
-        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create decode "
-               "configuration: %d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
-        err = AVERROR(EIO);
-        goto fail;
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        VAConfigAttrib attrib;
+
+        memset(&attrib, 0, sizeof(attrib));
+        attrib.type = VAConfigAttribDecProcessing;
+        attrib.value = 0;
+
+        vaGetConfigAttributes(
+            hwctx->display,
+            matched_va_profile,
+            VAEntrypointVLD,
+            &attrib,
+            1);
+
+        if (attrib.value != VA_DEC_PROCESSING) {
+            err =  AVERROR(EINVAL);
+            goto fail;
+        }
+
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "vaapi driver supports VDSFC\n");
+
+        attrib.type = VAConfigAttribDecProcessing;
+        attrib.value = VA_DEC_PROCESSING;
+
+        vas = vaCreateConfig(hwctx->display, matched_va_profile,
+                             VAEntrypointVLD, &attrib, 1,
+                             va_config);
+        if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create decode "
+                   "configuration: %d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
+            err = AVERROR(EIO);
+            goto fail;
+        }
+    } else {
+        vas = vaCreateConfig(hwctx->display, matched_va_profile,
+                             VAEntrypointVLD, NULL, 0,
+                             va_config);
+        if (vas != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create decode "
+                   "configuration: %d (%s).\n", vas, vaErrorStr(vas));
+            err = AVERROR(EIO);
+            goto fail;
+        }
     }
 
     hwconfig = av_hwdevice_hwconfig_alloc(device_ref);
@@ -587,6 +683,7 @@ int ff_vaapi_common_frame_params(AVCodecContext *avctx,
                                  AVBufferRef *hw_frames_ctx)
 {
     AVHWFramesContext *hw_frames = (AVHWFramesContext *)hw_frames_ctx->data;
+    AVVAAPIFramesContext *avfc = hw_frames->hwctx;
     AVHWDeviceContext *device_ctx = hw_frames->device_ctx;
     AVVAAPIDeviceContext *hwctx;
     VAConfigID va_config = VA_INVALID_ID;
@@ -604,6 +701,15 @@ int ff_vaapi_common_frame_params(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     if (va_config != VA_INVALID_ID)
         vaDestroyConfig(hwctx->display, va_config);
 
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        avfc->thumbnail_flags = avctx->thumbnail_flags;
+        avfc->thumbnail_format = avctx->thumbnail_format;
+        avfc->thumbnail_width = avctx->thumbnail_width;
+        avfc->thumbnail_height = avctx->thumbnail_height;
+
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "VDSFC save thumbnail info avfc\n");
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.h b/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.h
index 6b415dd1d3..f70658153a 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.h
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_decode.h
@@ -37,6 +37,29 @@ static inline VASurfaceID ff_vaapi_get_surface_id(AVFrame 
*pic)
     return (uintptr_t)pic->data[3];
 }
 
+static inline VASurfaceID ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_surface_id(AVFrame *pic)
+{
+    VASurfaceID thumbnail_surface_id = VA_INVALID_ID;
+
+    AVFrameSideData *frame_thumbnail_sd = av_frame_get_side_data(pic,
+                                                           
AV_FRAME_DATA_THUMBNAIL_INFO);
+    if (frame_thumbnail_sd) {
+        thumbnail_surface_id = (uintptr_t)frame_thumbnail_sd->buf->data;
+    }
+
+    return thumbnail_surface_id;
+}
+
+static inline int ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_src_width(AVFrame *pic)
+{
+    return pic->width;
+}
+
+static inline int ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_src_height(AVFrame *pic)
+{
+    return pic->height;
+}
+
 enum {
     MAX_PARAM_BUFFERS = 16,
 };
@@ -50,6 +73,13 @@ typedef struct VAAPIDecodePicture {
     int                nb_slices;
     VABufferID           *slice_buffers;
     int                   slices_allocated;
+
+    //thumbnail info
+    VASurfaceID           thumbnail_output_surface;
+    int                   thumbnail_src_width;
+    int                   thumbnail_src_height;
+    VABufferID            thumbnail_buffer;
+
 } VAAPIDecodePicture;
 
 typedef struct VAAPIDecodeContext {
diff --git a/libavcodec/vaapi_h264.c b/libavcodec/vaapi_h264.c
index 5854587a25..11919cafa4 100644
--- a/libavcodec/vaapi_h264.c
+++ b/libavcodec/vaapi_h264.c
@@ -302,6 +302,19 @@ static int vaapi_h264_start_frame(AVCodecContext          
*avctx,
     if (err < 0)
         goto fail;
 
+    //get thumbnail surface id
+    if (avctx->thumbnail_flags) {
+        pic->thumbnail_output_surface = 
ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_surface_id(h->cur_pic_ptr->f);
+
+        //get thumbnail src width and height
+        pic->thumbnail_src_width = 
ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_src_width(h->cur_pic_ptr->f);
+        pic->thumbnail_src_height = 
ff_vaapi_get_thumbnail_src_height(h->cur_pic_ptr->f);
+
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "H264 get thumbnail surface id: %d\n", 
pic->thumbnail_output_surface);
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "H264 get thumbnail width: %d\n", 
pic->thumbnail_src_width);
+        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "H264 get thumbnail height: %d\n", 
pic->thumbnail_src_height);
+    }
+
     return 0;
 
 fail:
-- 
2.17.1

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